Religions > Atheism > Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
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Religions > Atheism |
| User: |
"stoney" |
| Date: |
25 Jan 2006 05:20:57 PM |
| Object: |
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury’s
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet,” said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
It was discovered using a technique called “gravitational microlensing,”
whereby light from a distant star is bent and magnified by the
gravitational field of a foreground star. The presence of a planet
around the foreground star causes light from the distant star to become
momentarily brighter.
Astronomers hailed the discovery as the first of a new class of small,
rocky worlds located at far-out distances from their stars.
The planet and star are separated by about 2.5 astronomical units. One
AU is equal to the distance between the Earth and the sun. Until now, no
small planet had been found farther than 0.15 AU from its parent star.
The finding means planet hunters are one step closer to detecting their
holy grail: a habitable Earthlike planet that can sustain liquid water
and support life.
"We may predict with reasonable probability that microlensing will
discover planets with masses like that of Earth at a similar distance
from their stars and with comparable surface temperature," said study
co-author Bohdan Paczynski from Princeton University.
New outlook
Of the more than 150 planets have been discovered so far, most were
found using the Doppler technique, in which astronomers look for wobbles
in a star caused by the gravitational pull of a planet. This method has
uncovered dozens of huge worlds but can’t spot small planets that are
far from their stars.
Microlensing can detect small planets, but it is 50 times more likely to
find a gas giant planet like Jupiter.
“Microlensing should have discovered dozens of Jupiters by now if they
were as common as these five-Earth-mass planets,” said study co-author
David Bennett.
That suggests that most of our galaxy’s planets are small and rocky.
This prediction agrees with the standard model for solar system
formation, known as the “core accretion” model. It goes like this: Dust
around newborn stars forms clumps that stick together and eventually
become asteroids, comets and planet precursors. In this scheme,
relatively few planets successfully become gas giants, and they are
outnumbered by small, rocky worlds.
“Its incredible to think that we went from 10 years ago having no planet
to now having over 100 gas giants and even starting to find the first
terrestrial planets,” said Alan Boss, a theorist at the Carnegie
Institution of Washington who did not participate in the discovery.
“That’s just an amazing leap.”
Shortcoming
Since star alignments are unique events, a microlensing experiment can
never be repeated. Todd Henry, an astronomer at Georgia State University
who was not involved in the study, said the discovery was an “intriguing
result from this particular technique, but unfortunately you can’t
follow it up.”
Many astronomers view the lack of repeatability as an acceptable
trade-off, however, because thousands of star systems can be screened in
a relatively short period of time compared with other techniques.
“You can’t learn a whole lot about the details of individual systems …
but it’s a wonderful alternative for learning about what the mass
distribution of extrasolar planets might be and the frequency at which
they occur,” said David Latham, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics who was not part of the study.
Simultaneous verification
In a telephone interview, Jean-Phillipe Beaulieu, a co-author in the
study, said that while the observations can never be repeated, the
discovery was simultaneously verified by different telescopes around the
world.
The microlensing event was detected July 11 by telescopes in the OGLE
(Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) project. Planet-hunters are
very protective of their data, and cooperation between different teams
is rare. But astronomers around the globe were alerted so that the event
could be detected by multiple telescopes.
“The only way to realize the full scientific benefit of our observations
is to share the data with our competition,” said Paczynski, an OGLE
co-founder.
Overall, the study involved 73 researchers from 32 institutions
worldwide.
“The fact that they’ve got a whole bunch of folks using multiple
telescopes all observing the same event and calibrating themselves
self-consistently makes the data look very sound,” Boss said. “I think
it’s a pretty solid detection.”
© 2006 Space.com
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
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| User: "johac" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
26 Jan 2006 01:19:00 AM |
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In article <ls1gt19n54eo0rnrsvpc37g6sb7mrc9rgc@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury’s
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet,” said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
--
John Hachmann aa #1782
"Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities"
-Voltaire
Contact - Throw a .net over the .com
.
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| User: "Harry F. Leopold" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
27 Jan 2006 10:52:29 AM |
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On Thu, 26 Jan 2006 01:19:00 -0600, johac wrote
(in article <jhachmann-FBD7D9.23190025012006@news.giganews.com>):
In article <ls1gt19n54eo0rnrsvpc37g6sb7mrc9rgc@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury’s
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet,” said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
And your arch supports, support stockings, back brace, etc. 5.5 G's is rather
a bit much.
--
Harry F. Leopold
aa #2076
AA/Vet #4
The Prints of Darkness
(remove gene to email)
"I've got a pen and I'm not afraid to use it."-Charles R Ward
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| User: "stoney" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
28 Jan 2006 03:28:24 PM |
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On Fri, 27 Jan 2006 10:52:29 -0600, Harry F. Leopold
<hleopold@coxyx.net> wrote in alt.atheism
On Thu, 26 Jan 2006 01:19:00 -0600, johac wrote
(in article <jhachmann-FBD7D9.23190025012006@news.giganews.com>):
In article <ls1gt19n54eo0rnrsvpc37g6sb7mrc9rgc@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury’s
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet,” said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
And your arch supports, support stockings, back brace, etc. 5.5 G's is rather
a bit much.
....reinforced ball bag......
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
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| User: "Douglas Berry" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
27 Jan 2006 09:52:02 PM |
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What's so funny about peace, love and Harry F. Leopold
<hleopold@coxyx.net> posting the following on Fri, 27 Jan 2006
10:52:29 -0600 iin alt.atheism?
And your arch supports, support stockings, back brace, etc. 5.5 G's is rather
a bit much.
Science nit. Mass does not equal gravity. The actual size of the
planet will make a big difference in the perceived gravity at the
surface.
Let's assume, for a moment, that the planet does in fact mass 5.5
times the Earth. To determine surface gravity, we'd need to know the
planet's diameter and density.
Unless things are bizarre, and we have a planet made of solid iron or
something, odds are the surface gravity is not going to be above 2.0g
or so.
Finally, "G" is a measure of acceleration. "g" is an expression of
gravitational force compared to Earth's 9.8m/sec^2
--
Douglas E. Berry Do the OBVIOUS thing to send e-mail
Atheist #2147, Atheist Vet #5
"Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as
when they do it from religious conviction."
Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), Pense'es, #894.
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| User: "stoney" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
26 Jan 2006 04:16:58 PM |
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On Wed, 25 Jan 2006 23:19:00 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <ls1gt19n54eo0rnrsvpc37g6sb7mrc9rgc@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury’s
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet,” said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
Fundies can go nude as clothing is technology. Besides 'God' will
protect them.
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
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| User: "FreeThink" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet 'Microlensing' detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
28 Jan 2006 02:33:19 AM |
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If this planet is "above us", maybe it is heaven? I wonder what
direction "up" is anyway?
:-)
stoney wrote:
On Wed, 25 Jan 2006 23:19:00 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <ls1gt19n54eo0rnrsvpc37g6sb7mrc9rgc@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
'Microlensing' detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury's
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet," said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
Fundies can go nude as clothing is technology. Besides 'God' will
protect them.
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
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| User: "stoney" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet 'Microlensing' detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
28 Jan 2006 03:27:37 PM |
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On 28 Jan 2006 00:33:19 -0800, "FreeThink" <zeno7772004@yahoo.com> wrote
in alt.atheism
If this planet is "above us", maybe it is heaven? I wonder what
direction "up" is anyway?
:-)
It's *thataway*.......
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
|
|
|
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| User: "johac" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
28 Jan 2006 02:09:56 AM |
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In article <nhiit1h42n31129sm559o0ca3ijeth7dj5@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
On Wed, 25 Jan 2006 23:19:00 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <ls1gt19n54eo0rnrsvpc37g6sb7mrc9rgc@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11013519/?GT1=7538
Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet
‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own
By Ker Than
Space.com
Updated: 1:19 p.m. ET Jan. 25, 2006
Astronomers on Wednesday announced the discovery of what is possibly the
smallest planet known outside our solar system orbiting a normal star.
Its orbit is farther from its host star than Earth is from the sun. Most
known extrasolar planets reside inside the equivalent of Mercury’s
orbit.
The planet is estimated to be about 5.5 times as massive as Earth and
thought to be rocky. It orbits a red dwarf star about 28,000 light-years
away. Red dwarfs are about one-fifth as massive as the sun and up to 50
times fainter. But they are among the most common stars in the universe.
So the finding suggests rocky worlds may be common.
"The team has discovered the most Earthlike planet yet,” said Michael
Turner, assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences
directorate at the National Science Foundation, which supported the
work.
The discovery is detailed in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
More to come
Prior to this discovery, the smallest extrasolar planet found around a
normal star was about 7.5 Earth masses. Earth-sized planets have been
detected, but only around dying neutron stars.
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
Fundies can go nude as clothing is technology. Besides 'God' will
protect them.
Maybe GAWD likes fundicicles.
--
John Hachmann aa #1782
"Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities"
-Voltaire
Contact - Throw a .net over the .com
.
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| User: "stoney" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ‘Microlensing’ detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
28 Jan 2006 03:27:09 PM |
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On Sat, 28 Jan 2006 00:09:56 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <nhiit1h42n31129sm559o0ca3ijeth7dj5@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
On Wed, 25 Jan 2006 23:19:00 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
[]
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
Fundies can go nude as clothing is technology. Besides 'God' will
protect them.
Maybe GAWD likes fundicicles.
They'd never be aware of the cold.
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
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| User: "johac" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ?Microlensing? detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
29 Jan 2006 01:52:35 AM |
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In article <icont11o07qi4250kfqe257jihd1kom1jk@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
On Sat, 28 Jan 2006 00:09:56 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <nhiit1h42n31129sm559o0ca3ijeth7dj5@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
On Wed, 25 Jan 2006 23:19:00 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
[]
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
Fundies can go nude as clothing is technology. Besides 'God' will
protect them.
Maybe GAWD likes fundicicles.
They'd never be aware of the cold.
True. No brain no pain.
--
John Hachmann aa #1782
"Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities"
-Voltaire
Contact - Throw a .net over the .com
.
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| User: "stoney" |
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| Title: Re: Scientists spot a new Earthlike planet ?Microlensing? detects faraway world just 5.5 times bigger than our own |
29 Jan 2006 09:54:30 AM |
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On Sat, 28 Jan 2006 23:52:35 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <icont11o07qi4250kfqe257jihd1kom1jk@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
On Sat, 28 Jan 2006 00:09:56 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
In article <nhiit1h42n31129sm559o0ca3ijeth7dj5@4ax.com>,
stoney <stoney@the.net> wrote:
On Wed, 25 Jan 2006 23:19:00 -0800, johac <jhachmann@sbcglobal.com>
wrote in alt.atheism
[]
The newfound planet, named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, is probably too cold to
support life as we know it, astronomers said. With a surface temperature
of 364 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (-220 degrees Celsius), it is
nearly as frigid as Pluto.
If you go there, better pack your woolen undies.
Fundies can go nude as clothing is technology. Besides 'God' will
protect them.
Maybe GAWD likes fundicicles.
They'd never be aware of the cold.
True. No brain no pain.
Exactly.
--
Fundies and trolls are cordially invited to
shove a wooden cross up their arses and rotate
at a high rate of speed. I trust you'll
be 'blessed' with a cornucopia of splinters.
.
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