HISTORY FORGOTTEN



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Topic: Religions > Bible
User: "Neill"
Date: 23 May 2004 06:57:28 AM
Object: HISTORY FORGOTTEN
This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.
Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN
Hi,
I sat in the back of History class and slept through most of it, so I wasn't
aware of any of this. I have heard some of this but I thought it was pretty
fascinating, well worth the read. I still have an old McGuffy reader by
William Holmes McGuffey).
Have a great day,
Chuck
HISTORY FORGOTTEN
Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist in
the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!
This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!
Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of Independence"
were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in the
Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
intervention.
It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society, immediately
after creating the Declaration of Independence. The Continental Congress
voted to purchase and import 20,000 copies of Scripture for the people of
this nation.
Patrick Henry, who is called the firebrand of the American Revolution,
is still remembered for his words, "Give me liberty or give me death";
but in current textbooks, the context of these words is
omitted. Here is what he actually said:
"An appeal to arms and the God of hosts is all that is left us.
But we shall not fight our battle alone. There is a just God that
presides over the destinies of nations. The battle, sir, is not
to the strong alone. Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be
purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it Almighty God.
I know not what course others may take, but as for me,
give me liberty, or give me death."
These sentences have been erased from our textbooks. Was Patrick
Henry a Christian? The following year, 1776, he wrote this:
"It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great Nation
was founded not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but
on the Gospel of Jesus Christ. For that reason alone, people of other
faiths
have been afforded freedom of worship here".
Consider these words that Thomas Jefferson wrote in the front of his
well-worn Bible: "I am a real Christian, that is to say, a disciple of
the doctrines of Jesus. I have little doubt that our whole country will
soon be rallied to the unity of our creator." He was also the chairman
of the American Bible Society, which he considered his highest and most
important role.
On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."
Calvin Coolidge, our 30th President of the United States reaffirmed
this truth when he wrote, "The foundations of our society and our
government rest so much on the teachings of the Bible that it would be
difficult to support them if faith in these teachings would cease to be
practically universal in our country."
In 1782, the United States Congress voted this resolution: "The
Congress of the United States recommends and approves
the Holy Bible for use in all schools."
William Holmes McGuffey is the author of the McGuffey Reader,
which was used for over 100 years in our public schools with over 125
million copies sold until it was stopped in 1963. President Lincoln called
him the "Schoolmaster of the Nation." Listen to these words of Mr.McGuffey:
"The Christian religion is the religion of our country. From it are derived
our nation, on the character of God, on the great moral Governor of the
universe. On its doctrines are founded the peculiarities of our free
Institutions. From no source has the author drawn more conspicuously
than from the sacred Scriptures. From all these extracts from the Bible,
.

User: "Ninure Saunders"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 10:05:49 AM
In article <Ik0sc.55854$V_.2400553@twister.southeast.rr.com>, "Neill"
<nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com> wrote:
-This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.
-
-Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN
-
-
-Hi,
-I sat in the back of History class and slept through most of it, so I wasn't
-aware of any of this. I have heard some of this but I thought it was pretty
-fascinating, well worth the read. I still have an old McGuffy reader by
-William Holmes McGuffey).
-Have a great day,
-Chuck
-
-
-HISTORY FORGOTTEN
-
-Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist in
-the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!
You reakkt were alseep during your History lessons!!
"I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American
people which declared that their legislature should 'make no law
respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof,' thus building a wall of separation between church
and State."
- Thomas Jefferson
-
-This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
-but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
-probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!
-
-Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of Independence"
-were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in the
-Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
-intervention.
That's odd...in light of the following:
"the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion"
- Treaty of Tripoli, ratified and proclaimed in Philadelphia on June
10, 1797
-It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society, immediately
"Christianity...(has become) the most perverted system that ever shone
on man. ...Rogueries, absurdities and untruths were perpetrated upon
the teachings of Jesus by a large band of dupes and importers led by
Paul, the first great corrupter of the teaching of Jesus."
- Thomas Jefferson
"I would not dare to so dishonor my Creator God by attaching His name to
that book (the Bible)."
- Thomas Paine

"What influence in fact have Christian ecclesiastical establishments had
on civil society? In many instances they have been upholding the thrones
of political tyranny. In no instance have they been seen as the guardians
of the liberties of the people. Rulers who wished to
subvert the public liberty have found in the clergy convenient
auxiliaries. A just government, instituted to secure and
perpetuateliberty, does not need the clergy."
- James Madison
Maybe you should stop posting until you have taken some refresher courses
in US History. Maybe you could start with:
Christian Orthodoxy And The Founders
http://members.tripod.com/~candst/orthodox.htm
Ninure Saunders aka Rainbow Christian
http://Rainbow-Christian.tk
The Lord is my Shepherd and He knows I'm Gay
http://Ninure-Saunders.tk
My latest Poll
Who would Jesus vote for?
http://www.network54.com/Hide/Votelet/34458
My Yahoo Group
http://Ninure.tk
My Online Diary
http://www.ninure.deardiary.net
-
Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches
http://www.MCCchurch.org
To send e-mail, remove nohate from address
.
User: "Henry Etta"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 09:43:02 PM
"Ninure Saunders" <RainbowChristiannohate@Rainbow-Christian.tk> wrote in
message
news:RainbowChristiannohate-2305041020170001@h-68-164-229-110.chcgilgm.dynamic.covad.net...

In article <Ik0sc.55854$V_.2400553@twister.southeast.rr.com>, "Neill"
<nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com> wrote:

-This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.
-
-Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN

Excellent post Ninure, Glen said that you were good but I didn't realize
just how good until I read this post.
Thank you, : )
Henry Etta

-
-
-Hi,
-I sat in the back of History class and slept through most of it, so I
wasn't
-aware of any of this. I have heard some of this but I thought it was
pretty
-fascinating, well worth the read. I still have an old McGuffy reader by
-William Holmes McGuffey).
-Have a great day,
-Chuck
-
-
-HISTORY FORGOTTEN
-
-Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist
in
-the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!



You reakkt were alseep during your History lessons!!



"I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American
people which declared that their legislature should 'make no law
respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof,' thus building a wall of separation between church
and State."
- Thomas Jefferson
-
-This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
-but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
-probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!
-
-Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of
Independence"
-were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in
the
-Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
-intervention.


That's odd...in light of the following:

"the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion"

- Treaty of Tripoli, ratified and proclaimed in Philadelphia on June
10, 1797

-It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society,
immediately

"Christianity...(has become) the most perverted system that ever shone
on man. ...Rogueries, absurdities and untruths were perpetrated upon
the teachings of Jesus by a large band of dupes and importers led by
Paul, the first great corrupter of the teaching of Jesus."
- Thomas Jefferson

"I would not dare to so dishonor my Creator God by attaching His name to
that book (the Bible)."
- Thomas Paine

"What influence in fact have Christian ecclesiastical establishments had
on civil society? In many instances they have been upholding the thrones
of political tyranny. In no instance have they been seen as the guardians
of the liberties of the people. Rulers who wished to
subvert the public liberty have found in the clergy convenient
auxiliaries. A just government, instituted to secure and
perpetuateliberty, does not need the clergy."
- James Madison



Maybe you should stop posting until you have taken some refresher courses
in US History. Maybe you could start with:

Christian Orthodoxy And The Founders
http://members.tripod.com/~candst/orthodox.htm

Ninure Saunders aka Rainbow Christian
http://Rainbow-Christian.tk

The Lord is my Shepherd and He knows I'm Gay
http://Ninure-Saunders.tk

My latest Poll
Who would Jesus vote for?
http://www.network54.com/Hide/Votelet/34458


My Yahoo Group
http://Ninure.tk

My Online Diary
http://www.ninure.deardiary.net
-
Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches
http://www.MCCchurch.org

To send e-mail, remove nohate from address

.


User: "Pastor Dave"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 10:26:11 AM
On Sun, 23 May 2004 11:57:28 GMT, "Neill"
<nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com> posted thusly:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN


Hi,
I sat in the back of History class and slept through most of it, so I wasn't
aware of any of this. I have heard some of this but I thought it was pretty
fascinating, well worth the read. I still have an old McGuffy reader by
William Holmes McGuffey).
Have a great day,
Chuck


HISTORY FORGOTTEN

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist in
the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!

True enough. They base it on a letter Thomas Jefferson
wrote.
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/religion/rel06-2.html
The words, "separation", "church" and "state" do not
even appear in the Constitution.

This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!

Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of Independence"
were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in the
Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
intervention.
It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society, immediately
after creating the Declaration of Independence. The Continental Congress
voted to purchase and import 20,000 copies of Scripture for the people of
this nation.

Patrick Henry, who is called the firebrand of the American Revolution,
is still remembered for his words, "Give me liberty or give me death";
but in current textbooks, the context of these words is
omitted. Here is what he actually said:

"An appeal to arms and the God of hosts is all that is left us.
But we shall not fight our battle alone. There is a just God that
presides over the destinies of nations. The battle, sir, is not
to the strong alone. Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be
purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it Almighty God.
I know not what course others may take, but as for me,
give me liberty, or give me death."

These sentences have been erased from our textbooks. Was Patrick
Henry a Christian? The following year, 1776, he wrote this:


"It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great Nation
was founded not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but
on the Gospel of Jesus Christ. For that reason alone, people of other
faiths
have been afforded freedom of worship here".

Consider these words that Thomas Jefferson wrote in the front of his
well-worn Bible: "I am a real Christian, that is to say, a disciple of
the doctrines of Jesus. I have little doubt that our whole country will
soon be rallied to the unity of our creator." He was also the chairman
of the American Bible Society, which he considered his highest and most
important role.

On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."

Calvin Coolidge, our 30th President of the United States reaffirmed
this truth when he wrote, "The foundations of our society and our
government rest so much on the teachings of the Bible that it would be
difficult to support them if faith in these teachings would cease to be
practically universal in our country."

In 1782, the United States Congress voted this resolution: "The
Congress of the United States recommends and approves
the Holy Bible for use in all schools."

William Holmes McGuffey is the author of the McGuffey Reader,
which was used for over 100 years in our public schools with over 125
million copies sold until it was stopped in 1963. President Lincoln called
him the "Schoolmaster of the Nation." Listen to these words of Mr.McGuffey:

"The Christian religion is the religion of our country. From it are derived
our nation, on the character of God, on the great moral Governor of the
universe. On its doctrines are founded the peculiarities of our free
Institutions. From no source has the author drawn more conspicuously
than from the sacred Scriptures. From all these extracts from the Bible,

Excellent post!
--
± Pastor Dave Raymond ±
"As for me, I have not hastened from being a pastor
to follow thee: neither have I desired the woeful day;
thou knowest: that which came out of my lips was right
before thee." - Jeremiah 17:16
"And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of
the Spirit, which is the word of God:" - Ephesians 6:17
/}
@#######{]::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::>
\}
"In fact, there is a great deal more to the
creation/evolution controversy than meets the eye,
or rather than meets the carefully cultivated media
stereotype of 'creationists' as Bible quoting know
nothings who refuse to face up to the scientific
evidence. The creationists may be wrong about many
things, but they have at least one very important
point to argue, a point that has been thoroughly
obscured by all the attention paid to Noah's Flood
and other side issues. What science educators
propose to teach as 'evolution' and label it as fact,
is based not upon any incontrovertible empirical
evidence (scientifically proven facts, ed.), but upon
a highly controversial philosophical presupposition.
The controversy over evolution is therefore not going
to go away as people become better educated on the
subject. On the contrary, the more people learn
about the philosophical content of what scientists
are calling the 'fact of evolution', the less they
are going to like it." - Philip E. Johnson, Evolution
as Dogma: The Establishment of Naturalism
-----= Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News =-----
http://www.newsfeeds.com - The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World!
-----== Over 100,000 Newsgroups - 19 Different Servers! =-----
.

User: "-Hector-"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 08:58:00 PM
On Sun, 23 May 2004 11:57:28 GMT, "Neill" <nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com>
wrote:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN


Hi,
I sat in the back of History class and slept through most of it, so I wasn't
aware of any of this. I have heard some of this but I thought it was pretty
fascinating, well worth the read. I still have an old McGuffy reader by
William Holmes McGuffey).
Have a great day,
Chuck


HISTORY FORGOTTEN

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist in
the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!

This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!

Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of Independence"
were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in the
Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
intervention.
It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society, immediately
after creating the Declaration of Independence. The Continental Congress
voted to purchase and import 20,000 copies of Scripture for the people of
this nation.

The inference of Separation of Church and State actually was
tangible long before modern court decisions had violated the spirit of
the premise. The following is from Jefferson's ordinance for
religious freedom in the State of Virginia:
"The Virginia Act For Establishing Religious Freedom
Thomas Jefferson, 1786
Well aware that Almighty God hath created the mind free; that all
attempts to influence it by temporal punishments or burdens, or by
civil incapacitations, tend only to beget habits of hypocrisy and
meanness, and are a departure from the plan of the Holy Author of our
religion, who being Lord both of body and mind, yet chose not to
propagate it by coercions on either, as was in his Almighty power to
do; that the impious presumption of legislators and rulers, civil as
well as ecclesiastical, who, being themselves but fallible and
uninspired men, have assumed dominion over the faith of others,
setting up their own opinions and modes of thinking as the only true
and infallible, and as such endeavoring to impose them on others, hath
established and maintained false religions over the greatest part of
the world, and through all time; that to compel a man to furnish
contributions of money for the propagation of opinions which he
disbelieves, is sinful and tyrannical; that even the forcing him to
support this or that teacher of his own religious persuasion, is
depriving him of the comfortable liberty of giving his contributions
to the particular pastor whose morals he would make his pattern, and
whose powers he feels most persuasive to righteousness, and is
withdrawing from the ministry those temporal rewards, which proceeding
from an approbation of their personal conduct, are an additional
incitement to earnest and unremitting labors for the instruction of
mankind; that our civil rights have no dependence on our religious
opinions, more than our opinions in physics or geometry; that,
therefore, the proscribing any citizen as unworthy the public
confidence by laying upon him an incapacity of being called to the
offices of trust and emolument, unless he profess or renounce this or
that religious opinion, is depriving him injuriously of those
privileges and advantages to which in common with his fellow citizens
he has a natural right; that it tends also to corrupt the principles
of that very religion it is meant to encourage, by bribing, with a
monopoly of worldly honors and emoluments, those who will externally
profess and conform to it; that though indeed these are criminal who
do not withstand such temptation, yet neither are those innocent who
lay the bait in their way; that to suffer the civil magistrate to
intrude his powers into the field of opinion and to restrain the
profession or propagation of principles, on the supposition of their
ill tendency, is a dangerous fallacy, which at once destroys all
religious liberty, because he being of course judge of that tendency,
will make his opinions the rule of judgment, and approve or condemn
the sentiments of others only as they shall square with or differ from
his own; that it is time enough for the rightful purposes of civil
government, for its officers to interfere when principles break out
into overt acts against peace and good order; and finally, that truth
is great and will prevail if left to herself, that she is the proper
and sufficient antagonist to error, and has nothing to fear from the
conflict, unless by human interposition disarmed of her natural
weapons, free argument and debate, errors ceasing to be dangerous when
it is permitted freely to contradict them.
Be it therefore enacted by the General Assembly, That no man shall be
compelled to frequent or support any religious worship, place, or
ministry whatsoever, nor shall be enforced, restrained, molested, or
burdened in his body or goods, nor shall otherwise suffer on account
of his religious opinions or belief; but that all men shall be free to
profess, and by argument to maintain, their opinions in matters of
religion, and that the same shall in nowise diminish, enlarge, or
affect their civil capacities.
And though we well know this Assembly, elected by the people for the
ordinary purposes of legislation only, have no powers equal to our own
and that therefore to declare this act irrevocable would be of no
effect in law, yet we are free to declare, and do declare, that the
rights hereby asserted are of the natural rights of mankind, and that
if any act shall be hereafter passed to repeal the present or to
narrow its operation, such act will be an infringement of natural
right.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comment:
Thomas Jefferson drafted The Virginia Act for Establishing Religious
Freedom in 1779 three years after he wrote the Declaration of
Independence. The act was not passed by the General Assembly of the
Commonwealth of Virginia until 1786. Jefferson was by then in Paris as
the U.S. Ambassador to France. The Act was resisted by a group
headed by Patrick Henry who sought to pass a bill that would have
assessed all the citizens of Virginia to support a plural
establishment. James Madison's Memorial and Remonstrance Against
Religious Assessments was, and remains, a powerful argument against
state supported religion. It was written in 1785, just a few months
before the General Assembly passed Jefferson's religious freedom
bill. Both the draft version of the Virginia Act for Establishing
Religious Freedom and the Memorial and Remonstrance Against
Religious Assessments are available on this site."
http://religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu/sacred/madison_m&r_1785.html
(James Madison's Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious
Assessments is an interesting read, too, and it compliments
Christianity in its pristine and empyrean form.)
The fact that religious affiliation and personal religious
sentiment was integral in the fashioning of the legal precepts of the
early America may be inferred from a variety of evidences, let alone
that the majority of the framers of the Constitution were affiliated
with religious denominations;
"The framers of the Constitution represented a cross-section of the
American religious bodies of that day. Of them, nineteen were
Episcopalians, eight were Congregationalists, seven were
Presbyterians, two were Roman Catholics, two were Quakers, one a
Methodist, one a Dutch Reformed while Edmund Randolph was deist,
though he later became a communicant of the Episcopal Church."
Religion in the Development of American Culture
1765-1840
by William Warren Sweet
New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1952
Additionally the following from the same work by Sweet is
illuminating, and underscores the religiosity of the framers;
"The only direct reference to religion in the body of the Constitution
is the clause proposed by Charles Pinkney of South Carolina, "That, no
religious tests or qualifications shall ever be annexed to any oath of
office under the authority of the United States," which, as finally
reworded and adopted, became Article VI of the Constitution and reads:
No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to
any office or public trust under the United States.
There was very little debate over this article in the Convention,
although Roger Sherman of Connecticut observed that he considered the
prohibition unnecessary because he believed the "prevailing
liberalism" was sufficient security against such tests being ever
required. In the several state convention, however, this clause
received considerable attention and ably discussed.
In the course of the discussions in the ratifying conventions
there were three points of view indicated. The first favored the
article on the ground that religious tests were dangerous in that they
might lead to persecution. It was also argued that such matters in
any case should be left to the states. One member stated that Christ
did not need worldly authority to support his religion and that the
only way to secure political unity was to leave religion "free and
unshackled." Permitting the offices to be held by men of various
religions encouraged religious freedom and was a bar to an established
church. A second position supported the requiring of tests in order
to keep dangerous and unworthy people from holding important offices.
Otherwise might not "popish priests" as well as Mohammedan's hold
office? The only saftey, therefore, lay in guaranteeing that office
holders be men who believe in God. A third group took the position
that the article did not furnish a sufficient guarantee of religious
liberty and asked that a Bill of Rights be added to the Constitution
guaranteeing religious freedom and the separation of church and state.
This group also deplored the omission of any mention of God in the
Constitution and at least five states in the conventions expressed
regret at the absence of any reference to the Christian religion."
Undoubtedly, the notion of a separation of church and state
did exist in that time, but in the context of protecting religious
liberty, and the right of all Christian sects to worship as they
pleased. The following, too, is from the same book;
The First Amendment, with which we are particularly concerned
here, reads:
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the
freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of
grievances.
As Anson Phelps Stokes has pointed out, all the rights
mentioned in the Amendment are interrelated and all have to do with
religion. Freedom of speech guarantees the right to preach; freedom
of the press, the right to publish religious tracts, periodicals and
books; the freedom of assembly assures the right of the people to come
together for worship.
The purpose of the First Amendment, as Judge Joseph Story has
stated, was not to injure Christianity, but
"to exclude all rivalry among Christian sects and prevent any national
ecclesiastical establishment which should give to any hierarchy the
exclusive patronage of the national government."
A more recent statement prepared by a solicitor of the Department of
State in 1910 fully concurs with Judge Story that
"the (First) Amendment of the Constitution and like provisions in the
State Constitutions were not dictated by indifference or hostility to
the principles of the Christian religion, but aimed to prevent not
merely the establishment of any form of religion, however widely
spread, but to establish upon a firm footing the right before the law
of every religious sect."
This should be adequate for now, however, maybe the next
discussion should cover the religious founding of Amerca's earliest
colleges of note, such as Harvard, Yale, and Princeton.
In admiration of America's religious founders,
Hector
.

User: "John Ings"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 09:17:27 AM
On Sun, 23 May 2004 11:57:28 GMT, "Neill" <nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com>
wrote:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN

More like history made up.

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist in
the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!

The phrase, "a wall of separation between church and state," was
coined by President Thomas Jefferson in a carefully crafted letter to
the Danbury Baptists in 1802, when they had asked him to explain the
First Amendment. The Supreme Court, and lower courts, have used
Jefferson's phrase repeatedly in major decisions upholding neutrality
in matters of religion. The exact words "separation of church and
state" do not appear in the Constitution; neither do "separation of
powers," "interstate commerce," "right to privacy," and other phrases
describing well-established constitutional principles.
The U.S. Constitution is a secular document. It begins, "We the
people," and contains no mention of "God" or "Christianity." Its only
references to religion are exclusionary, such as, "no religious test
shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public
trust" (Art. VI), and "Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
(First Amendment). The presidential oath of office, the only oath
detailed in the Constitution, does not contain the phrase "so help me
God" or any requirement to swear on a bible (Art. II, Sec. 1, Clause
8). If we are a Christian nation, why doesn't our Constitution say so?

This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!

Couldn't be because it isn't so huh?

Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of Independence"
were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in the
Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
intervention.

"When the crisis came, Jefferson, Paine, John Adams, Washington,
Franklin, Madison, and many lesser lights were to be reckoned among
either the Unitarians or the Deists. it was not Cotton Mather's God to
whom the author of the Declaration of Independence appealed, it was to
'Nature's God.' From whatever source derived, the effect of both
Unitarianism and Deism was to hasten the retirement of historic
theology from its empire over the intellect of American leaders, and
to clear the atmosphere for secular interests" -- The Rise of American
Civilization," by Charles A. and Mary R. Beard. (Vol. I., p. 449.)

It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society, immediately
after creating the Declaration of Independence.

The first draft of the declaration was written by Thomas Paine,
including those immortal words "When in the course of human events..."
and "We hold these truths to be self evident..."
Want to know what Paine thought of the Bible? Here's a sample--
"Yet this is trash that the Church imposes upon the world as the Word
of God; this is the collection of lies and contradictions called the
Holy Bible! This is the rubbish called Revealed Religion!"
It was Thomas Jefferson who presented the final version to the house
for signature. He approved of Jesus teachings, but not the New
Testament's claim to his deity--
"The Christian god can easily be pictured as virtually the same god as
the many ancient gods of past civilizations. The Christian god is a
three headed monster; cruel, vengeful and capricious. If one wishes to
know more of this raging, three headed beast-like god, one only needs
to look at the caliber of people who say they serve him. They are
always of two classes: fools and hypocrites." -- Thomas Jefferson

The Continental Congress
voted to purchase and import 20,000 copies of Scripture for the people of
this nation.

Patrick Henry, who is called the firebrand of the American Revolution,
is still remembered for his words, "Give me liberty or give me death";
but in current textbooks, the context of these words is
omitted. Here is what he actually said:

"An appeal to arms and the God of hosts is all that is left us.
But we shall not fight our battle alone. There is a just God that
presides over the destinies of nations. The battle, sir, is not
to the strong alone. Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be
purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it Almighty God.
I know not what course others may take, but as for me,
give me liberty, or give me death."

These sentences have been erased from our textbooks. Was Patrick
Henry a Christian? The following year, 1776, he wrote this:


"It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great Nation
was founded not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but
on the Gospel of Jesus Christ. For that reason alone, people of other
faiths have been afforded freedom of worship here".

Consider these words that Thomas Jefferson wrote in the front of his
well-worn Bible: "I am a real Christian, that is to say, a disciple of
the doctrines of Jesus. I have little doubt that our whole country will
soon be rallied to the unity of our creator." He was also the chairman
of the American Bible Society, which he considered his highest and most
important role.

He also wrote this:
"The day will come when the mystical generation of Jesus, by the
Supreme Being as his father, in the womb of a virgin, will be classed
with the fable of the generation of Minerva in the brain of Jupiter."

On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."

But Adams himself was a Unitarian. And when he presented a treaty
with Tripoli to the senate that had been signed during George
Washington's tenure as president it contained this passage:
"As the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion,--as it has in itself no character
of enmity against the laws, religion or tranquillity of Musselmen,
--and as the said States never have entered into any war or act of
hostility against any Mohammedan nation, it is declared by the parties
that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever interrupt
the harmony existing between the two countries."

Calvin Coolidge, our 30th President of the United States reaffirmed
this truth when he wrote, "The foundations of our society and our
government rest so much on the teachings of the Bible that it would be
difficult to support them if faith in these teachings would cease to be
practically universal in our country."

And Abe Lincoln wrote this:
"My earlier views of the unsoundness of the Christian scheme of
salvation and the human origin of the scriptures, have become clearer
and stronger with advancing years and I see no reason for thinking I
shall ever change them."

In 1782, the United States Congress voted this resolution: "The
Congress of the United States recommends and approves
the Holy Bible for use in all schools."
William Holmes McGuffey is the author of the McGuffey Reader,
which was used for over 100 years in our public schools with over 125
million copies sold until it was stopped in 1963. President Lincoln called
him the "Schoolmaster of the Nation." Listen to these words of Mr.McGuffey:

"The Christian religion is the religion of our country. From it are derived
our nation, on the character of God, on the great moral Governor of the
universe. On its doctrines are founded the peculiarities of our free
Institutions. From no source has the author drawn more conspicuously
than from the sacred Scriptures. From all these extracts from the Bible,

But when the teaching of Christianity in the schools of Virginia was
proposed, James Madison wrote as part of his scathing remonstrance:
"During almost fifteen centuries has the legal establishment of
Christianity been on trial. What have been its fruits? More or less in
all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility
in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution."
The rest is at
http://religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu/sacred/madison_m&r_1785.html
## Shall God govern by the laws of nature,
## or priests by fictitious miracles?
John Adams
.
User: "joseph irvin"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 04:36:03 PM
"John Ings" <nodamned@spam.org> wrote in message
news:t4b1b0pa4altcqmbhod1k93aolt0rfjkp1@4ax.com...

On Sun, 23 May 2004 11:57:28 GMT, "Neill" <nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com>
wrote:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN


More like history made up.

Wasn't it made up by the Supreme Court? Long after the Constitution was
ratified there were states that supported Church/Churches. The Constitution
only concerned the Fed Govt except where specifically it referred to States.
No power of religion was ceded to the Fed Govt by the States...

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist

in

the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!


The phrase, "a wall of separation between church and state," was
coined by President Thomas Jefferson in a carefully crafted letter to
the Danbury Baptists in 1802, when they had asked him to explain the

Did the Danbury Baptist believe that there is 'a wall of separation between
church and state'? Philip Hamburger in his book "Separation of Church and
State," states: 'Yet the Baptist of the Danbury Association did not publish
their letter from the president, and, far from employing Jefferson's words
about separation, they continued to demand their freedom with the vocabulary
and concepts they had used in the past. Apparently, separation was not what
the Baptists wanted. Indeed, it was incompatible with their understanding
of the pervasive value of Christianity." p163 Note Conn. was one of the
States that supported a Church/Churches.

First Amendment. The Supreme Court, and lower courts, have used
Jefferson's phrase repeatedly in major decisions upholding neutrality
in matters of religion. The exact words "separation of church and
state" do not appear in the Constitution; neither do "separation of
powers," "interstate commerce," "right to privacy," and other phrases
describing well-established constitutional principles.

Yes, the Courts have used Jeffersons phrase repeatedly, but doing so out of
historical context.

The U.S. Constitution is a secular document. It begins, "We the
people," and contains no mention of "God" or "Christianity." Its only
references to religion are exclusionary, such as, "no religious test
shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public
trust" (Art. VI), and "Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
(First Amendment). The presidential oath of office, the only oath
detailed in the Constitution, does not contain the phrase "so help me
God" or any requirement to swear on a bible (Art. II, Sec. 1, Clause
8). If we are a Christian nation, why doesn't our Constitution say so?

IMO, and it is just my opinion, we can be a Christian nation with out it
being a Christian theocracy. Christian ethics/morals/values should be as
welcome as any other ethics/morals/values system when it comes to
government. As an aside the US Constitution does mention our Lord:
".....present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one
thousand seven hundred....." dating from an important event in the history
of man. Compare this to the French Revolution which recognized the goddess
of reason with the new calander beginning with year 1 starting from the
French Revolution...truly secular.

This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!


Couldn't be because it isn't so huh?

Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of

Independence"

were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in

the

Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
intervention.


"When the crisis came, Jefferson, Paine, John Adams, Washington,
Franklin, Madison, and many lesser lights were to be reckoned among
either the Unitarians or the Deists. it was not Cotton Mather's God to
whom the author of the Declaration of Independence appealed, it was to
'Nature's God.' From whatever source derived, the effect of both
Unitarianism and Deism was to hasten the retirement of historic
theology from its empire over the intellect of American leaders, and
to clear the atmosphere for secular interests" -- The Rise of American
Civilization," by Charles A. and Mary R. Beard. (Vol. I., p. 449.)

Doesn't the Bible describe the same Natures God..."For since the creation of
the world God's invisible qualities--his eternal power and divine
nature--have been clearly seen being understood from what has been made, so
that men are without excuse." Romans 1:20 Also see Psalm 65:6-13 Isn't
this the same Creator who endows us with unalienable rights?

It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society,

immediately

after creating the Declaration of Independence.


The first draft of the declaration was written by Thomas Paine,
including those immortal words "When in the course of human events..."
and "We hold these truths to be self evident..."

Want to know what Paine thought of the Bible? Here's a sample--

"Yet this is trash that the Church imposes upon the world as the Word
of God; this is the collection of lies and contradictions called the
Holy Bible! This is the rubbish called Revealed Religion!"

Mr. Paine is welcomed to his opinion. I don't think it was reflected in the
DofI., do you?

It was Thomas Jefferson who presented the final version to the house
for signature. He approved of Jesus teachings, but not the New
Testament's claim to his deity--

"The Christian god can easily be pictured as virtually the same god as
the many ancient gods of past civilizations. The Christian god is a
three headed monster; cruel, vengeful and capricious. If one wishes to
know more of this raging, three headed beast-like god, one only needs
to look at the caliber of people who say they serve him. They are
always of two classes: fools and hypocrites." -- Thomas Jefferson

Which catagory did TJ put himself? "On 1/3/1802, John Leland took advantage
of his visit to Washington to preach in the House of Reps, and on that day
Jefferson, apparently for the first time during his presidency, attended
services in the House. As James H. Hutson has pointed out, 'It is no
accident that Jefferson issued the Danbury letter on Friday, 1/1/1802, and
two days later, on Sunday, 1/3/1802, contrary to all former practice, went
to his first church service in the House, which he attended constantly for
the next seven years. J.H.Huston, Religion and the founding of the American
Republic.' In short by attending church services in Congress, Jefferson
intended to send to the nation the strongest symbol possible that he was a
friend of religion." Separation of Church and State, Philip Hamburger.
Religious services were being held in a Fed Govt bldg?...what were the
Framers views on the 'separation of church and state?...surely not the
Supreme Court's...did the Framers not understand the 1st amend, while todays
Supreme Court does?

The Continental Congress
voted to purchase and import 20,000 copies of Scripture for the people of
this nation.

Patrick Henry, who is called the firebrand of the American Revolution,
is still remembered for his words, "Give me liberty or give me death";
but in current textbooks, the context of these words is
omitted. Here is what he actually said:

"An appeal to arms and the God of hosts is all that is left us.
But we shall not fight our battle alone. There is a just God that
presides over the destinies of nations. The battle, sir, is not
to the strong alone. Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be
purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it Almighty God.
I know not what course others may take, but as for me,
give me liberty, or give me death."

These sentences have been erased from our textbooks. Was Patrick
Henry a Christian? The following year, 1776, he wrote this:


"It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great Nation
was founded not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but
on the Gospel of Jesus Christ. For that reason alone, people of other
faiths have been afforded freedom of worship here".

Consider these words that Thomas Jefferson wrote in the front of his
well-worn Bible: "I am a real Christian, that is to say, a disciple of
the doctrines of Jesus. I have little doubt that our whole country will
soon be rallied to the unity of our creator." He was also the chairman
of the American Bible Society, which he considered his highest and most
important role.


He also wrote this:
"The day will come when the mystical generation of Jesus, by the
Supreme Being as his father, in the womb of a virgin, will be classed
with the fable of the generation of Minerva in the brain of Jupiter."

On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."


But Adams himself was a Unitarian. And when he presented a treaty
with Tripoli to the senate that had been signed during George
Washington's tenure as president it contained this passage:

"As the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion,--as it has in itself no character
of enmity against the laws, religion or tranquillity of Musselmen,
--and as the said States never have entered into any war or act of
hostility against any Mohammedan nation, it is declared by the parties
that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever interrupt
the harmony existing between the two countries."

I see nothing wrong with this statement. It (the Fed Govt) formation was
based on views/opinions/scholarship of the Framers, which many were
Christian. States could/or could not have state supported church/churchse.
The Fed Govt was not allowed to support a church or churches/religion. No
religious powers were ceded to the Fed Govt.


Calvin Coolidge, our 30th President of the United States reaffirmed
this truth when he wrote, "The foundations of our society and our
government rest so much on the teachings of the Bible that it would be
difficult to support them if faith in these teachings would cease to be
practically universal in our country."


And Abe Lincoln wrote this:
"My earlier views of the unsoundness of the Christian scheme of
salvation and the human origin of the scriptures, have become clearer
and stronger with advancing years and I see no reason for thinking I
shall ever change them."

Yet, read his (Lincoln's), I think it was his second inaugural address.

In 1782, the United States Congress voted this resolution: "The
Congress of the United States recommends and approves
the Holy Bible for use in all schools."


William Holmes McGuffey is the author of the McGuffey Reader,
which was used for over 100 years in our public schools with over 125
million copies sold until it was stopped in 1963. President Lincoln

called

him the "Schoolmaster of the Nation." Listen to these words of

Mr.McGuffey:


"The Christian religion is the religion of our country. From it are

derived

our nation, on the character of God, on the great moral Governor of the
universe. On its doctrines are founded the peculiarities of our free
Institutions. From no source has the author drawn more conspicuously
than from the sacred Scriptures. From all these extracts from the Bible,


But when the teaching of Christianity in the schools of Virginia was
proposed, James Madison wrote as part of his scathing remonstrance:

"During almost fifteen centuries has the legal establishment of
Christianity been on trial. What have been its fruits? More or less in
all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility
in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution."

Also in the same: 'that religion or the duty which we owe to our Creator
and the manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and
conviction not by force or violence." Clearly recognizing the importance of
religious influence in the life of a nation, including government. Wasn't
this more a criticism of the clergys exploitation of religion rather than
religion?

The rest is at
http://religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu/sacred/madison_m&r_1785.html

## Shall God govern by the laws of nature,
## or priests by fictitious miracles?
John Adams

.
User: "-Hector-"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 05:06:03 PM
On Sun, 23 May 2004 21:36:03 GMT, "joseph irvin"
<j.m.irvin@worldnet.att.net> wrote:


"John Ings" <nodamned@spam.org> wrote in message
news:t4b1b0pa4altcqmbhod1k93aolt0rfjkp1@4ax.com...

On Sun, 23 May 2004 11:57:28 GMT, "Neill" <nmlaneyNO@SPAMhotmail.com>
wrote:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN


More like history made up.


Wasn't it made up by the Supreme Court? Long after the Constitution was
ratified there were states that supported Church/Churches. The Constitution
only concerned the Fed Govt except where specifically it referred to States.
No power of religion was ceded to the Fed Govt by the States...

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist

in

the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!


The phrase, "a wall of separation between church and state," was
coined by President Thomas Jefferson in a carefully crafted letter to
the Danbury Baptists in 1802, when they had asked him to explain the


Did the Danbury Baptist believe that there is 'a wall of separation between
church and state'? Philip Hamburger in his book "Separation of Church and
State," states: 'Yet the Baptist of the Danbury Association did not publish
their letter from the president, and, far from employing Jefferson's words
about separation, they continued to demand their freedom with the vocabulary
and concepts they had used in the past. Apparently, separation was not what
the Baptists wanted. Indeed, it was incompatible with their understanding
of the pervasive value of Christianity." p163 Note Conn. was one of the
States that supported a Church/Churches.

First Amendment. The Supreme Court, and lower courts, have used
Jefferson's phrase repeatedly in major decisions upholding neutrality
in matters of religion. The exact words "separation of church and
state" do not appear in the Constitution; neither do "separation of
powers," "interstate commerce," "right to privacy," and other phrases
describing well-established constitutional principles.


Yes, the Courts have used Jeffersons phrase repeatedly, but doing so out of
historical context.

The U.S. Constitution is a secular document. It begins, "We the
people," and contains no mention of "God" or "Christianity." Its only
references to religion are exclusionary, such as, "no religious test
shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public
trust" (Art. VI), and "Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
(First Amendment). The presidential oath of office, the only oath
detailed in the Constitution, does not contain the phrase "so help me
God" or any requirement to swear on a bible (Art. II, Sec. 1, Clause
8). If we are a Christian nation, why doesn't our Constitution say so?


IMO, and it is just my opinion, we can be a Christian nation with out it
being a Christian theocracy. Christian ethics/morals/values should be as
welcome as any other ethics/morals/values system when it comes to
government. As an aside the US Constitution does mention our Lord:
".....present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one
thousand seven hundred....." dating from an important event in the history
of man. Compare this to the French Revolution which recognized the goddess
of reason with the new calander beginning with year 1 starting from the
French Revolution...truly secular.

This is worth remembering, because it is true. It's familiar territory,
but those of you that graduated from school after the early 60's were
probably never taught this. Our courts have seen to that!


Couldn't be because it isn't so huh?

Did you know that 52 of the 55 signers of "The Declaration of

Independence"

were orthodox, deeply committed, Christians? That they all believed in

the

Bible as the divine truth, the God of scripture, and His personal
intervention.


"When the crisis came, Jefferson, Paine, John Adams, Washington,
Franklin, Madison, and many lesser lights were to be reckoned among
either the Unitarians or the Deists. it was not Cotton Mather's God to
whom the author of the Declaration of Independence appealed, it was to
'Nature's God.' From whatever source derived, the effect of both
Unitarianism and Deism was to hasten the retirement of historic
theology from its empire over the intellect of American leaders, and
to clear the atmosphere for secular interests" -- The Rise of American
Civilization," by Charles A. and Mary R. Beard. (Vol. I., p. 449.)


Doesn't the Bible describe the same Natures God..."For since the creation of
the world God's invisible qualities--his eternal power and divine
nature--have been clearly seen being understood from what has been made, so
that men are without excuse." Romans 1:20 Also see Psalm 65:6-13 Isn't
this the same Creator who endows us with unalienable rights?

It is the same Congress that formed the American Bible Society,

immediately

after creating the Declaration of Independence.


The first draft of the declaration was written by Thomas Paine,
including those immortal words "When in the course of human events..."
and "We hold these truths to be self evident..."

Want to know what Paine thought of the Bible? Here's a sample--

"Yet this is trash that the Church imposes upon the world as the Word
of God; this is the collection of lies and contradictions called the
Holy Bible! This is the rubbish called Revealed Religion!"


Mr. Paine is welcomed to his opinion. I don't think it was reflected in the
DofI., do you?

It was Thomas Jefferson who presented the final version to the house
for signature. He approved of Jesus teachings, but not the New
Testament's claim to his deity--

"The Christian god can easily be pictured as virtually the same god as
the many ancient gods of past civilizations. The Christian god is a
three headed monster; cruel, vengeful and capricious. If one wishes to
know more of this raging, three headed beast-like god, one only needs
to look at the caliber of people who say they serve him. They are
always of two classes: fools and hypocrites." -- Thomas Jefferson


Which catagory did TJ put himself? "On 1/3/1802, John Leland took advantage
of his visit to Washington to preach in the House of Reps, and on that day
Jefferson, apparently for the first time during his presidency, attended
services in the House. As James H. Hutson has pointed out, 'It is no
accident that Jefferson issued the Danbury letter on Friday, 1/1/1802, and
two days later, on Sunday, 1/3/1802, contrary to all former practice, went
to his first church service in the House, which he attended constantly for
the next seven years. J.H.Huston, Religion and the founding of the American
Republic.' In short by attending church services in Congress, Jefferson
intended to send to the nation the strongest symbol possible that he was a
friend of religion." Separation of Church and State, Philip Hamburger.
Religious services were being held in a Fed Govt bldg?...what were the
Framers views on the 'separation of church and state?...surely not the
Supreme Court's...did the Framers not understand the 1st amend, while todays
Supreme Court does?

The Continental Congress
voted to purchase and import 20,000 copies of Scripture for the people of
this nation.

Patrick Henry, who is called the firebrand of the American Revolution,
is still remembered for his words, "Give me liberty or give me death";
but in current textbooks, the context of these words is
omitted. Here is what he actually said:

"An appeal to arms and the God of hosts is all that is left us.
But we shall not fight our battle alone. There is a just God that
presides over the destinies of nations. The battle, sir, is not
to the strong alone. Is life so dear or peace so sweet as to be
purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it Almighty God.
I know not what course others may take, but as for me,
give me liberty, or give me death."

These sentences have been erased from our textbooks. Was Patrick
Henry a Christian? The following year, 1776, he wrote this:


"It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great Nation
was founded not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but
on the Gospel of Jesus Christ. For that reason alone, people of other
faiths have been afforded freedom of worship here".

Consider these words that Thomas Jefferson wrote in the front of his
well-worn Bible: "I am a real Christian, that is to say, a disciple of
the doctrines of Jesus. I have little doubt that our whole country will
soon be rallied to the unity of our creator." He was also the chairman
of the American Bible Society, which he considered his highest and most
important role.


He also wrote this:
"The day will come when the mystical generation of Jesus, by the
Supreme Being as his father, in the womb of a virgin, will be classed
with the fable of the generation of Minerva in the brain of Jupiter."

On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."


But Adams himself was a Unitarian. And when he presented a treaty
with Tripoli to the senate that had been signed during George
Washington's tenure as president it contained this passage:

"As the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion,--as it has in itself no character
of enmity against the laws, religion or tranquillity of Musselmen,
--and as the said States never have entered into any war or act of
hostility against any Mohammedan nation, it is declared by the parties
that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever interrupt
the harmony existing between the two countries."


I see nothing wrong with this statement. It (the Fed Govt) formation was
based on views/opinions/scholarship of the Framers, which many were
Christian. States could/or could not have state supported church/churchse.
The Fed Govt was not allowed to support a church or churches/religion. No
religious powers were ceded to the Fed Govt.


Calvin Coolidge, our 30th President of the United States reaffirmed
this truth when he wrote, "The foundations of our society and our
government rest so much on the teachings of the Bible that it would be
difficult to support them if faith in these teachings would cease to be
practically universal in our country."


And Abe Lincoln wrote this:
"My earlier views of the unsoundness of the Christian scheme of
salvation and the human origin of the scriptures, have become clearer
and stronger with advancing years and I see no reason for thinking I
shall ever change them."


Yet, read his (Lincoln's), I think it was his second inaugural address.

In 1782, the United States Congress voted this resolution: "The
Congress of the United States recommends and approves
the Holy Bible for use in all schools."


William Holmes McGuffey is the author of the McGuffey Reader,
which was used for over 100 years in our public schools with over 125
million copies sold until it was stopped in 1963. President Lincoln

called

him the "Schoolmaster of the Nation." Listen to these words of

Mr.McGuffey:


"The Christian religion is the religion of our country. From it are

derived

our nation, on the character of God, on the great moral Governor of the
universe. On its doctrines are founded the peculiarities of our free
Institutions. From no source has the author drawn more conspicuously
than from the sacred Scriptures. From all these extracts from the Bible,


But when the teaching of Christianity in the schools of Virginia was
proposed, James Madison wrote as part of his scathing remonstrance:

"During almost fifteen centuries has the legal establishment of
Christianity been on trial. What have been its fruits? More or less in
all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility
in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution."


Also in the same: 'that religion or the duty which we owe to our Creator
and the manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and
conviction not by force or violence." Clearly recognizing the importance of
religious influence in the life of a nation, including government. Wasn't
this more a criticism of the clergys exploitation of religion rather than
religion?

Well done! Well done.
Deploring revisionism,
Hector
.

User: "John Ings"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 23 May 2004 06:28:26 PM
On Sun, 23 May 2004 21:36:03 GMT, "joseph irvin"
<j.m.irvin@worldnet.att.net> wrote:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN


More like history made up.


Wasn't it made up by the Supreme Court?

No. The Supreme Court does not have the power to change the
Constitution.

Long after the Constitution was
ratified there were states that supported Church/Churches. The Constitution
only concerned the Fed Govt except where specifically it referred to States.
No power of religion was ceded to the Fed Govt by the States...

So a state is free to force the religion of it's choice on its
citizens?

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't exist
in the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!


The phrase, "a wall of separation between church and state," was
coined by President Thomas Jefferson in a carefully crafted letter to
the Danbury Baptists in 1802, when they had asked him to explain the


Did the Danbury Baptist believe that there is 'a wall of separation between
church and state'? Philip Hamburger in his book "Separation of Church and
State," states: 'Yet the Baptist of the Danbury Association did not publish
their letter from the president, and, far from employing Jefferson's words
about separation, they continued to demand their freedom with the vocabulary
and concepts they had used in the past. Apparently, separation was not what
the Baptists wanted. Indeed, it was incompatible with their understanding
of the pervasive value of Christianity." p163 Note Conn. was one of the
States that supported a Church/Churches.

So they insisted on the right to impose Christianity on Jews, Deists,
Unitarians and Atheists by state law? Presumably their brand of
Christianity too, so Catholics and Mormons would be required to hear
Baptist theology in public places? Their children would have Jesus
according to the Baptists taught to them in the schools, willy-nilly?

First Amendment. The Supreme Court, and lower courts, have used
Jefferson's phrase repeatedly in major decisions upholding neutrality
in matters of religion. The exact words "separation of church and
state" do not appear in the Constitution; neither do "separation of
powers," "interstate commerce," "right to privacy," and other phrases
describing well-established constitutional principles.


Yes, the Courts have used Jeffersons phrase repeatedly, but doing so out of
historical context.

I think they have the context quite well understood.

The U.S. Constitution is a secular document. It begins, "We the
people," and contains no mention of "God" or "Christianity." Its only
references to religion are exclusionary, such as, "no religious test
shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public
trust" (Art. VI), and "Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
(First Amendment). The presidential oath of office, the only oath
detailed in the Constitution, does not contain the phrase "so help me
God" or any requirement to swear on a bible (Art. II, Sec. 1, Clause
8). If we are a Christian nation, why doesn't our Constitution say so?


IMO, and it is just my opinion, we can be a Christian nation with out it
being a Christian theocracy. Christian ethics/morals/values should be as
welcome as any other ethics/morals/values system when it comes to
government.

But no more so. Not dominant in other words, and welcome as
suggestions and points of suasion, not meekly accepted without
question or objection.

As an aside the US Constitution does mention our Lord:
".....present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one
thousand seven hundred....." dating from an important event in the history
of man.

Using an accepted dating system of the time. That's hardly an
acknowledgement.

"When the crisis came, Jefferson, Paine, John Adams, Washington,
Franklin, Madison, and many lesser lights were to be reckoned among
either the Unitarians or the Deists. it was not Cotton Mather's God to
whom the author of the Declaration of Independence appealed, it was to
'Nature's God.' From whatever source derived, the effect of both
Unitarianism and Deism was to hasten the retirement of historic
theology from its empire over the intellect of American leaders, and
to clear the atmosphere for secular interests" -- The Rise of American
Civilization," by Charles A. and Mary R. Beard. (Vol. I., p. 449.)


Doesn't the Bible describe the same Natures God...

No. Nature's God is a hands-off God who doesn't dabble in human
affairs.

Isn't this the same Creator who endows us with unalienable rights?

No. The Deists Creator is not concerned with such matters.
"I cannot conceive otherwise than that He, the Infinite Father,
expects or requires no worship or praise from us, but that he is even
infinitely above it." Benj Franklin- Articles of Belief and Acts of
Religion 20 Nov 1728

Want to know what Paine thought of the Bible? Here's a sample--

"Yet this is trash that the Church imposes upon the world as the Word
of God; this is the collection of lies and contradictions called the
Holy Bible! This is the rubbish called Revealed Religion!"


Mr. Paine is welcomed to his opinion. I don't think it was reflected in the
DofI., do you?

Nor was any respect for the Bible reflected.

It was Thomas Jefferson who presented the final version to the house
for signature. He approved of Jesus teachings, but not the New
Testament's claim to his deity--

"The Christian god can easily be pictured as virtually the same god as
the many ancient gods of past civilizations. The Christian god is a
three headed monster; cruel, vengeful and capricious. If one wishes to
know more of this raging, three headed beast-like god, one only needs
to look at the caliber of people who say they serve him. They are
always of two classes: fools and hypocrites." -- Thomas Jefferson


Which catagory did TJ put himself?

A non-sectarian admirer of Jesus the man and his philosophies, and an
enemy of organized religion. He composed his own version of the New
Testament for instance. See
http://www.angelfire.com/co/JeffersonBible/

On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of Christianity."


But Adams himself was a Unitarian. And when he presented a treaty
with Tripoli to the senate that had been signed during George
Washington's tenure as president it contained this passage:

"As the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion,--as it has in itself no character
of enmity against the laws, religion or tranquillity of Musselmen,
--and as the said States never have entered into any war or act of
hostility against any Mohammedan nation, it is declared by the parties
that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever interrupt
the harmony existing between the two countries."


I see nothing wrong with this statement. It (the Fed Govt) formation was
based on views/opinions/scholarship of the Framers, which many were
Christian. States could/or could not have state supported church/churchse.
The Fed Govt was not allowed to support a church or churches/religion. No
religious powers were ceded to the Fed Govt.

Which is seperation of church and state. The opposite of the political
situation in Europe where for centuries the rulers of many states were
hand in glove with one church or another. The Vatican for centuries
was knee deep In the poitics of many nations. In England there were
bloody battles between armies over whether the king was to be
Protestant or Catholic. To this day in England the Queen is titled
"Defender of the Faith".

And Abe Lincoln wrote this:
"My earlier views of the unsoundness of the Christian scheme of
salvation and the human origin of the scriptures, have become clearer
and stronger with advancing years and I see no reason for thinking I
shall ever change them."


Yet, read his (Lincoln's), I think it was his second inaugural address.

Presidents are often carefully noncommittal about their exact
religious beliefs while mouthing appropriate platitudes at public
ceremonies. George Washington for instance was a master of the art.

But when the teaching of Christianity in the schools of Virginia was
proposed, James Madison wrote as part of his scathing remonstrance:

"During almost fifteen centuries has the legal establishment of
Christianity been on trial. What have been its fruits? More or less in
all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility
in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution."


Also in the same: 'that religion or the duty which we owe to our Creator
and the manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and
conviction not by force or violence."

And teaching religion as part of a school curriculum amounts to force.

Clearly recognizing the importance of
religious influence in the life of a nation, including government.

Important yes. Salutory? Not often.

Wasn't this more a criticism of the clergys exploitation of religion rather than
religion?

There's a difference?

## Shall God govern by the laws of nature,
## or priests by fictitious miracles?
John Adams


.
User: "joseph irvin"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 24 May 2004 05:35:56 PM
"John Ings" <nodamned@spam.org> wrote in message
news:39a2b0ptqbksit3qq5cml0rjh2d09uja8p@4ax.com...

On Sun, 23 May 2004 21:36:03 GMT, "joseph irvin"
<j.m.irvin@worldnet.att.net> wrote:

This was sent to me and I thought to pass it on.

Subject: HISTORY FORGOTTEN


More like history made up.


Wasn't it made up by the Supreme Court?


No. The Supreme Court does not have the power to change the
Constitution.

I agree that the Supreme Court was not given the power in the Constitution
to change the Constitution.

Long after the Constitution was
ratified there were states that supported Church/Churches. The

Constitution

only concerned the Fed Govt except where specifically it referred to

States.

No power of religion was ceded to the Fed Govt by the States...


So a state is free to force the religion of it's choice on its
citizens?

No, I didn't write that. I wrote that States were allowed, after the US
Constitution was ratified to support church/churches. That is a fact. I
said nothing about a State forcing religion on anyone...citizens were still
free to attend churches of their choice. The last state to support a
church/churches stopped this in the mid 1830's, long after the US
Constitution had been ratified. I might add that it ceased on its own
accord and was not forced by the Fed Govt as the Fed Govt was ceded no
religious powers.

Separation of Church and State? The term or even inference didn't

exist

in the Constitution until the Supreme Court made it up!


The phrase, "a wall of separation between church and state," was
coined by President Thomas Jefferson in a carefully crafted letter to
the Danbury Baptists in 1802, when they had asked him to explain the


Did the Danbury Baptist believe that there is 'a wall of separation

between

church and state'? Philip Hamburger in his book "Separation of Church

and

State," states: 'Yet the Baptist of the Danbury Association did not

publish

their letter from the president, and, far from employing Jefferson's

words

about separation, they continued to demand their freedom with the

vocabulary

and concepts they had used in the past. Apparently, separation was not

what

the Baptists wanted. Indeed, it was incompatible with their

understanding

of the pervasive value of Christianity." p163 Note Conn. was one of the
States that supported a Church/Churches.


So they insisted on the right to impose Christianity on Jews, Deists,
Unitarians and Atheists by state law? Presumably their brand of
Christianity too, so Catholics and Mormons would be required to hear
Baptist theology in public places? Their children would have Jesus
according to the Baptists taught to them in the schools, willy-nilly?

Nowhere is it mentioned above that 'they' had the right to impose
Christianity on anyone. It is very possible for a government (State) to
support a church/churches and still let it citizens support/be free to
attend a church/churches of their choice.

First Amendment. The Supreme Court, and lower courts, have used
Jefferson's phrase repeatedly in major decisions upholding neutrality
in matters of religion. The exact words "separation of church and
state" do not appear in the Constitution; neither do "separation of
powers," "interstate commerce," "right to privacy," and other phrases
describing well-established constitutional principles.


Yes, the Courts have used Jeffersons phrase repeatedly, but doing so out

of

historical context.


I think they have the context quite well understood.

Then can you explain why Jefferson or any of the other Framers of the
Constitution never tried to force these few States that supported
church/churches to 'disestablish'? We had Framers that were in Congress and
on the Supreme Court during this period. They were in violation of the
Constitution weren't they, according to you? Wasn't Jefferson in violation
of his own 'separation of church and state' when he attended religious
services in the US House during his administration...a Fed bldg used for
religious services? Put this in context as something I may understand as
anything but a giant breach in his 'wall of separation.'

The U.S. Constitution is a secular document. It begins, "We the
people," and contains no mention of "God" or "Christianity." Its only
references to religion are exclusionary, such as, "no religious test
shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public
trust" (Art. VI), and "Congress shall make no law respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
(First Amendment). The presidential oath of office, the only oath
detailed in the Constitution, does not contain the phrase "so help me
God" or any requirement to swear on a bible (Art. II, Sec. 1, Clause
8). If we are a Christian nation, why doesn't our Constitution say so?


IMO, and it is just my opinion, we can be a Christian nation with out it
being a Christian theocracy. Christian ethics/morals/values should be as
welcome as any other ethics/morals/values system when it comes to
government.


But no more so. Not dominant in other words, and welcome as
suggestions and points of suasion, not meekly accepted without
question or objection.

But you do agree that Christians at least get a seat at the table to express
their views....which may or may not be dominant?

As an aside the US Constitution does mention our Lord:
".....present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord

one

thousand seven hundred....." dating from an important event in the

history

of man.


Using an accepted dating system of the time. That's hardly an
acknowledgement.

I didn't write that, (" The U.S. Constitution is a secular document. It
begins, "We the people," and contains no mention of "God" or
"Christianity.""), was an acknowledgement of anything. I was just pointing
out that the Creator was mentioned in the US Constitution...that's all...you
state it was not. I happen to believe that the drafting of the Constitution
was very important, and done by some of the smartest people of the time. It
was an important document and the Framers knew that...mentioning the Creator
on important documents meant something to the men putting the signatures
down. It was the recognition of an important event in the history of
mankind...acknowledged by the signers of the document.

"When the crisis came, Jefferson, Paine, John Adams, Washington,
Franklin, Madison, and many lesser lights were to be reckoned among
either the Unitarians or the Deists. it was not Cotton Mather's God to
whom the author of the Declaration of Independence appealed, it was to
'Nature's God.' From whatever source derived, the effect of both
Unitarianism and Deism was to hasten the retirement of historic
theology from its empire over the intellect of American leaders, and
to clear the atmosphere for secular interests" -- The Rise of American
Civilization," by Charles A. and Mary R. Beard. (Vol. I., p. 449.)


Doesn't the Bible describe the same Natures God...


No. Nature's God is a hands-off God who doesn't dabble in human
affairs.

And how do you know this? Of the Framers, 28 were Episcopalians, 8
Presbyterians, 7 Congregationalists, 2 Dutch Reformed, 2 Lutherans, 2
Methodists, 2 Roman Catholics, 1 Unknown, and 3 Deists. What you are saying
seems to be a Deist world view. Now I don't know how many of the framers
were devout or nominal Christians but I hardly think that they were all of
one mind as you state above. I think we could agree that most believed in
natural law and based the Constitution on natural law. Here is what Cicero
has to say about natural law as quoted in "The Clash of Orthodoxies", by RP
George: "law is the highest reason implanted in nature, which prescribes
those things which ought to be done, and forbids the contrary." The Bible
says: "Indeed, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature things
required by the law, they are a law for themselves, even though they do not
have the law, since they show that the requirements of the law are written
on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts
now accusing, now even defending them." Romans 2:14-15. Similar? As you
know the Framers were well educated classically and drew on Greco-Roman
history as well as the Bible. I'm in no way saying that the US Constitution
is a religious/Christian document. All I'm saying is it Christianity
influenced the document and saying there is a wall of separation of church
and state has to be taken in that context.

Isn't this the same Creator who endows us with unalienable rights?


No. The Deists Creator is not concerned with such matters.

If what you say above is true then, "We hold these truths to be
self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their
Creator with certain unalienable Rights,....." is untrue. Our rights are
not granted by a Creator or protected by the Constitution but are at the
whim of man. Is this what you believe? As an aside you haven't established
that the Framers were of a mind of a 'Deist Creator.'

"I cannot conceive otherwise than that He, the Infinite Father,
expects or requires no worship or praise from us, but that he is even
infinitely above it." Benj Franklin- Articles of Belief and Acts of
Religion 20 Nov 1728

"'In this situation of this Assembly, groping as it were in the dark to find
political truth, and scarce able to distinguish it when presented to us, how
has it happened, Sir, that we have not hitherto once thought of humbly
applying to the Father of lights to illuminate our understandings?'"
"Franklin here reminded the Convention how at the beginning of the war with
England, the Continental Congrss had had prayers for divine protection---and
in this very room." "'Our prayers, Sir, were heard,"' said Franklin, "'and
these were graciously answered. All of us who were engaged in the struggle
must have observed frequent instances of a Super-intending providence in our
favor. To that kind providence we owe this happy opportunity of consulting
in peace on the means of establishing our future national felicity. And
have we now forgotten that powerful friend?....I have lived, Sir, a long
time, and the longer I live, the more convincing proofs I see of this
truth----that God governs in the affairs of men." Miracle at Philadelphia,
Catherine Drinker Bowen. "Miracles do not occur at random, nor was it the
author of this book who said there was a miracle at Philadelphia in the year
1787. George Washington said it, and James Madison. They used the word in
writing to their friends: Washington to Lafayette, Madison to Thomas
Jefferson. Every miracle has its provenance, every miracle has been prayed
for." Preface, Miracle at Phila. Franklin was suppose to be a Deist. The
above is not what the Deist believed.

Want to know what Paine thought of the Bible? Here's a sample--

"Yet this is trash that the Church imposes upon the world as the Word
of God; this is the collection of lies and contradictions called the
Holy Bible! This is the rubbish called Revealed Religion!"


Mr. Paine is welcomed to his opinion. I don't think it was reflected in

the

DofI., do you?


Nor was any respect for the Bible reflected.

I don't know. The DofI mentions, Supreme Judge, Divine Providence, a
Creator, and Natures God. My guess is that the Framers were talking about
the Creator in the Bible....just my opinion though.

It was Thomas Jefferson who presented the final version to the house
for signature. He approved of Jesus teachings, but not the New
Testament's claim to his deity--

"The Christian god can easily be pictured as virtually the same god as
the many ancient gods of past civilizations. The Christian god is a
three headed monster; cruel, vengeful and capricious. If one wishes to
know more of this raging, three headed beast-like god, one only needs
to look at the caliber of people who say they serve him. They are
always of two classes: fools and hypocrites." -- Thomas Jefferson


Which catagory did TJ put himself?


A non-sectarian admirer of Jesus the man and his philosophies, and an
enemy of organized religion. He composed his own version of the New
Testament for instance. See
http://www.angelfire.com/co/JeffersonBible/

Do you think the Framers of the Constitution subscribed to the Jefferson
Bible or the Christian Bible?...remembering also that Jefferson was not in
Phily at the drafting of the Constitution.

On July 4, 1821, President Adams said, "The highest glory of the
American Revolution was this: "It connected in one indissoluble bond
the principles of civil government with the principles of

Christianity."


But Adams himself was a Unitarian. And when he presented a treaty
with Tripoli to the senate that had been signed during George
Washington's tenure as president it contained this passage:

"As the government of the United States of America is not in any sense
founded on the Christian Religion,--as it has in itself no character
of enmity against the laws, religion or tranquillity of Musselmen,
--and as the said States never have entered into any war or act of
hostility against any Mohammedan nation, it is declared by the parties
that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever interrupt
the harmony existing between the two countries."


I see nothing wrong with this statement. It (the Fed Govt) formation was
based on views/opinions/scholarship of the Framers, which many were
Christian. States could/or could not have state supported

church/churchse.

The Fed Govt was not allowed to support a church or churches/religion.

No

religious powers were ceded to the Fed Govt.


Which is seperation of church and state. The opposite of the political
situation in Europe where for centuries the rulers of many states were
hand in glove with one church or another. The Vatican for centuries
was knee deep In the poitics of many nations. In England there were
bloody battles between armies over whether the king was to be
Protestant or Catholic. To this day in England the Queen is titled
"Defender of the Faith".

I agree with your description of religion in Europe only.

And Abe Lincoln wrote this:
"My earlier views of the unsoundness of the Christian scheme of
salvation and the human origin of the scriptures, have become clearer
and stronger with advancing years and I see no reason for thinking I
shall ever change them."


Yet, read his (Lincoln's), I think it was his second inaugural address.


Presidents are often carefully noncommittal about their exact
religious beliefs while mouthing appropriate platitudes at public
ceremonies. George Washington for instance was a master of the art.

How about Jeffersons 1st Inaugural Address where he could have opted to
leave religion out. Instead its sprinkled throughout: "And let us reflect
that, having banished from our land that religious intolerance..."
"....enlightened by a benign religion,..." and ending the address he
states: "And may that Infinite Power which rules the destinies of the
universe lead our councils to what is best, and give them a favorable issue
for your peace and prosperity." This sounds like Jefferson is talking about
an 'active' Creator and not one relaxing in the islands and letting thing
go.

But when the teaching of Christianity in the schools of Virginia was
proposed, James Madison wrote as part of his scathing remonstrance:

"During almost fifteen centuries has the legal establishment of
Christianity been on trial. What have been its fruits? More or less in
all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility
in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution."


Also in the same: 'that religion or the duty which we owe to our Creator
and the manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and
conviction not by force or violence."


And teaching religion as part of a school curriculum amounts to force.

I agree, and teaching math or english is force also if one is required to
take these subjects.

Clearly recognizing the importance of
religious influence in the life of a nation, including government.


Important yes. Salutory? Not often.

I disagree.

Wasn't this more a criticism of the clergys exploitation of religion

rather than

religion?


There's a difference?

Yes there is a difference, clergy can teach false doctrine, just like a
teacher can teach what is false about his particular expertise.

## Shall God govern by the laws of nature,
## or priests by fictitious miracles?
John Adams



.
User: "-Hector-"

Title: Re: HISTORY FORGOTTEN 24 May 2004 05:50:16 PM
On Mon, 24 May 2004 22:35:56 GMT, "joseph irvin"
<j.m.irvin@worldnet.att.net> wrote:


<<snipped for economy>>


"When the crisis came, Jefferson, Paine, John Adams, Washington,
Franklin, Madison, and many lesser lights were to be reckoned among
either the Unitarians or the Deists. it was not Cotton Mather's God to
whom the author of the Declaration of Independence appealed, it was to
'Nature's God.' From whatever source derived, the effect of both
Unitarianism and Deism was to hasten the retirement of historic
theology from its empire over the intellect of American leaders, and
to clear the atmosphere for secular interests" -- The Rise of American
Civilization," by Charles A. and Mary R. Beard. (Vol. I., p. 449.)


Doesn't the Bible describe the same Natures God...


No. Nature's God is a hands-off God who doesn't dabble in human
affairs.


And how do you know this? Of the Framers, 28 were Episcopalians, 8
Presbyterians, 7 Congregationalists, 2 Dutch Reformed, 2 Lutherans, 2
Methodists, 2 Roman Catholics, 1 Unknown, and 3 Deists. What you are saying
seems to be a Deist world view. Now I don't know how many of the framers
were devout or nominal Christians but I hardly think that they were all of
one mind as you state above. I think we could agree that most believed in
natural law and based the Constitution on natural law. Here is what Cicero
has to say about natural law as quoted in "The Clash of Orthodoxies", by RP
George: "law is the highest reason implanted in nature, which prescribes
those things which ought to be done, and forbids the contrary." The Bible
says: "Indeed, when Gentiles, who do not have the law, do by nature things
required by the law, they are a law for themselves, even though they do not
have the law, since they show that the requirements of the law are written
on their hearts, their consciences also bearing witness, and their thoughts
now accusing, now even defending them." Romans 2:14-15. Similar? As you
know the Framers were well educated classically and drew on Greco-Roman
history as well as the Bible. I'm in no way saying that the US Constitution
is a religious/Christian document. All I'm saying is it Christianity
influenced the document and saying there is a wall of separation of church
and state has to be taken in that context.

You might ask, also, how many of the Framers were familiar
with Blackstone and his personal deference to the laws of divine
providence. The interrogative could progress further in inquiring as
to how many of the Framers may have deferred to Blackstone. Even
still, how much did Blackstone's Commentaries influence Colonial
thought? Of course, revisionism does have its fiction...
Methodists 2, Skeptics 0,
Hector
.