| Topic: |
Sociology > Depression |
| User: |
"%" |
| Date: |
27 Apr 2006 01:16:53 PM |
| Object: |
ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
After traveling three-quarters of the way around the globe, Portuguese
navigator Ferdinand Magellan is killed during a tribal skirmish on Mactan
Island in the Philippines. Earlier in the month, his ships had dropped
anchor at the Philippine island of Cebý, and Magellan met with the local
chief, who after converting to Christianity persuaded the Europeans to
assist him in conquering a rival tribe on the neighboring island of Mactan.
In the subsequent fighting, Magellan was hit by a poisoned arrow and left to
die by his retreating comrades.
Magellan, a Portuguese noble, fought for his country against the Muslim
domination of the Indian Ocean and Morocco. He participated in a number of
key battles and in 1514 asked Portugal's King Manuel for an increase in his
pension. The king refused, having heard unfounded rumors of improper conduct
on Magellan's part after a siege in Morocco. In 1516, Magellan again made
the request and the king again refused, so Magellan went to Spain in 1517 to
offer his services to King Charles I, later Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
In 1494, Portugal and Spain, at the prompting of Pope Alexander VI, settled
disputes over newly discovered lands in America and elsewhere by dividing
the world into two spheres of influence. A line of demarcation was agreed to
in the Atlantic Ocean--all new discoveries west of the line were to be
Spanish, and all to the east Portuguese. Thus, South and Central America
became dominated by the Spanish, with the exception of Brazil, which was
discovered by the Portuguese explorer Pedro ýlvares Cabral in 1500 and was
somewhat east of the demarcation line. Other Portuguese discoveries in the
early 16th century, such as the Moluccas Islands--the Spice Islands of
Indonesia--made the Spanish jealous.
To King Charles, Magellan proposed sailing west, finding a strait through
the Americas, and then continuing west to the Moluccas, which would prove
that the Spice Islands lay west of the demarcation line and thus in the
Spanish sphere. Magellan knew that the world was round but underestimated
its size, thinking that the Moluccas must be situated just west of the
American continent, not on the other side of a great uncharted ocean. The
king accepted the plan, and on September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from
Spain in command of five ships and 270 men.
Magellan sailed to West Africa and then to Brazil, where he searched the
South American coast for a strait that would take him to the Pacific. He
searched the Rýo de la Plata, a large estuary south of Brazil, for a way
through; failing, he continued south along the coast of Patagonia. At the
end of March 1520, the expedition set up winter quarter at Port St. Julian.
On Easter day at midnight, the Spanish captains mutinied against their
Portuguese captain, but Magellan crushed the revolt, executing one of the
captains and leaving another ashore when his ship left St. Julian in August.
On October 21, he finally discovered the strait he had been seeking. The
Strait of Magellan, as it became known, is located near the tip of South
America, separating Tierra del Fuego and the continental mainland. Only
three ships entered the passage; one had been wrecked and another deserted.
It took 38 days to navigate the treacherous strait, and when ocean was
sighted at the other end Magellan wept with joy. He was the first European
explorer to reach the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic. His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing waters
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin word
pacificus, meaning "tranquil." By the end, the men were out of food and
chewed the leather parts of their gear to keep themselves alive. On March 6,
1521, the expedition landed at the island of Guam. Ten days later, they
reached the Philippines--they were only about 400 miles from the Spice
Islands.
After Magellan's death, the survivors, in two ships, sailed on to the
Moluccas and loaded the hulls with spice. One ship attempted,
unsuccessfully, to return across the Pacific. The other ship, the Victoria,
continued west under the command of the Basque navigator Juan Sebastiýn de
Elcano. The vessel sailed across the Indian Ocean, rounded the Cape of Good
Hope, and arrived at Seville on September 9, 1522, becoming the first ship
to circumnavigate the globe.
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| User: "neoholistic" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:04:45 PM |
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x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
<snip>
His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing wate=
rs
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin word
pacificus, meaning "tranquil."
Rather, from Spanish and Portuguese "pac=EDfico", meaning "tranquil".
.
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| User: "%" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:12:51 PM |
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"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146164685.144966.323930@j33g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
<snip>
His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing
waters
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin word
pacificus, meaning "tranquil."
Rather, from Spanish and Portuguese "pacífico", meaning "tranquil".
i don't write the history i just post it
.
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| User: "neoholistic" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:15:17 PM |
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x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146164685.144966.323930@j33g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
<snip>
His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing
waters
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin wo=
rd
pacificus, meaning "tranquil."
Rather, from Spanish and Portuguese "pac=EDfico", meaning "tranquil".
i don't write the history i just post it
Yeah, I know, I'm just debunking the myth for those generations to
come,
that will get all their knowledge and education from ancient ASD posts.
.
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| User: "%" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:17:21 PM |
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"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146165317.626132.285680@e56g2000cwe.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146164685.144966.323930@j33g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
<snip>
His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing
waters
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin
word
pacificus, meaning "tranquil."
Rather, from Spanish and Portuguese "pacífico", meaning "tranquil".
i don't write the history i just post it
Yeah, I know, I'm just debunking the myth for those generations to
come,
that will get all their knowledge and education from ancient ASD posts.
i wonder if i'll be remembered
.
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| User: "neoholistic" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:19:12 PM |
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x-no-archive: yes
neoholistic ha escrito:
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146164685.144966.323930@j33g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
<snip>
His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing
waters
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin =
word
pacificus, meaning "tranquil."
Rather, from Spanish and Portuguese "pac=EDfico", meaning "tranquil".
i don't write the history i just post it
Yeah, I know, I'm just debunking the myth for those generations to
come,
that will get all their knowledge and education from ancient ASD posts.
And our Usenet nicks will be revered and worshipped. Too bad I won't be
there
to see that.
.
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| User: "%" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:20:59 PM |
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"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146165552.175833.214210@v46g2000cwv.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
neoholistic ha escrito:
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
"neoholistic" <neoholistic@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:1146164685.144966.323930@j33g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...
x-no-archive: yes
% ha escrito:
<snip>
His fleet
accomplished the westward crossing of the ocean in 99 days, crossing
waters
so strangely calm that the ocean was named "Pacific," from the Latin
word
pacificus, meaning "tranquil."
Rather, from Spanish and Portuguese "pacífico", meaning "tranquil".
i don't write the history i just post it
Yeah, I know, I'm just debunking the myth for those generations to
come,
that will get all their knowledge and education from ancient ASD posts.
And our Usenet nicks will be revered and worshipped. Too bad I won't be
there
to see that.
we'll be like the gods
.
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| User: "slunky" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:20:37 PM |
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_/ neoholistic wrote \_
And our Usenet nicks will be revered and worshipped. Too bad I won't be
there to see that.
Pull a Kevin Mitnick and you'll live in infamy forever.
--
-slunky
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| User: "%" |
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| Title: Re: ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY |
27 Apr 2006 02:22:40 PM |
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"slunky" <slunky@globalzero.org> wrote in message
news:slrne526c3.19a.slunky@latitude.zero...
_/ neoholistic wrote \_
And our Usenet nicks will be revered and worshipped. Too bad I won't be
there to see that.
Pull a Kevin Mitnick and you'll live in infamy forever.
--
-slunky
i've already instructed both of my kids ,
after i'm gone they have to come here ,
and post calling themselve % so i can ,
even bug everyone after i'm dead
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