While String Theory is absorbing the tens of millions of NSF funds and
the accompanying billions of local tax and tuition dollars:
http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/progSearch.do;jsessionid=3DB6AE5664DB11367AE7F88=
8E3F6E455E4?SearchType=3DprogSearch&page=3D2&QueryText=3Dstring&ProgOrganiz=
ation=3D&ProgOfficer=3D&ProgEleCode=3D&BooleanElement=3Dfalse&ProgRefCode=
=3D&BooleanRef=3Dfalse&ProgProgram=3D&ProgFoaCode=3D&RestrictActive=3Don&Se=
arch=3DSearch#results
The best way to raise funds for alternative theories is t-shirts:
http://www.cafepress.com/autumnrangers.72464949
If at first the idea is not absurd, then there is no hope for it.
-Albert Einstein
Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of the
imagination. -John Dewey, The Quest For Certainty
There ain't no rules around here! We're trying to accomplish something!
-Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) U. S. inventor.
All religions, arts and sciences are branches of the same tree. All
these aspirations are directed toward ennobling man's life, lifting it
from the sphere of mere physical existence and leading the individual
towards freedom.
-Albert Einstein
FREEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEDOOOOOOOOOOOM!!!!!!-William Wallace in Braveheart
INTRODUCTION
In this day and age of unprecedented hype, hand-waving, and hoaxes in
theoretical physics, Dynamic Dimensions Theory rocks the universe with
a simple postulate.
The object of science is to unify formerly disparate phenomena within
a deeper framework, and Dynamic Dimensions Theory unifies both Quantum
Mechanics and Relativity with a simple framework.
For instance, both the results of the double-slit experiment and length
contraction of relativity are suddenly understood in the profound
context of Dynamic Dimensions Theory.
The famous equation E=3Dmc2 is presented in a deeper context, finally
accounting for the deeper physical reality that gives massive energies
to small masses seemingly at rest.
Godel's paradox of block-time is resolved, and action at a distance
and quantum entanglement are explained within the simple framework of
Dynamic Dimensions Theory.
The arrow of time and entropy-the second law of thermodynamics-are
accounted for, and time dialation is explained.
Dynamic dimensions theory is a theory so revolutionary that it may be
banned from the academy for years, as health benefits and tenure are
far more important than truth, logic, and reason in today's
postmodern academies.
And at last time is explained as a phenomenon that emerges from a
deeper physical reality.
THE GENERAL POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions.
THE SPECIFIC POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the rate of c in units of the Planck length, giving rise
to time and all classical, quantum mechanical, and relativistic
phenomena.
MDT IN BRIEF
Without further adieu, allow me to present the beauty and elegance of
MDT by showing both its simplicity and far-reaching ability to account
for and answer fundamental questions. All of the below will be
elaborated on throughout the book.
Questions Addressed by MDT:
Why does light have a maximum, constant speed independent of the
source? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. A photon is momenergy that exists orthogonal to
the three spatial dimensions. It is carried along by the expanding
fourth dimension. So no matter how fast the source is moving when the
photon is emitted, the photon travels at the rate with which the fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus c
is always independent of the movement of the source.
Why are light and energy quantized? The fourth dimension is expanding
in a quantized manner relative to the three spatial dimensions. Light
and energy are matter rotated completely into the fourth expanding
dimension, and as it expands in a quantized manner, light and energy
are thus quantized.
Why is the velocity of light constant in all frames? Time is an
emergent phenomena that arises because the fourth dimension is
expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. The flow of time
is inextricably wed to the emission and propagation of photons. In all
biological, mechanical, and electronic clocks, the emission and
propagation of photons is what determines time. The velocity of light
is always measured with respect to time, which is inextricably linked
to the velocity of light. This tautology ensures that the velocity of
light, measured relative to the velocity of light, will always be the
same.
How can photons display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental photon propagates as a spherical wave-front, surfing the
fourth expanding dimension. This is because the fourth expanding
dimension appears as a spherical wavefront as it expands through the
three spatial dimensions. The act of measurement localizes the
photon's momenergy, taking it out of the expanding fourth dimension
and trapping it in the three stationary spatial dimensions, and it
appears as a localized particle, trapped by electrons as it blackens a
grain on a photographic plate.
How can matter display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental electron is abuzz with photons. Photons are continually
being emitted into the fourth expanding dimension and reabsorbed by the
electron. The continual dance with these photons gives the electron
its wave properties. Nothing moves without photons which up the net
probability that the combine momenergy will be in the expanding fourth
dimension. The more photons one adds to an object, the greater the
chance it has of existing in the expanding fourth dimension, and thus
it moves.
Why are there non-local effects in quantum mechanics? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. That
means that what begins as a point in the fourth dimension is a sphere
with a 186,000 mile radius one second later. So it is that the entire
spherical wavefront of the photon exists in the exact same place in
time. Hence the non-locality observed in double slit experiments, the
EPR effect, and quantum entanglement. Take two interacting spin =BD
photons and let them propagate at the speed of c in opposite
directions. They are yet at the exact same place in time! And too,
they are yet in the exact same place of the fourth expanding dimension.
Why does time stop at the speed of light?
Time depends on the emission and propagation of photons. If no photons
are emitted, time does not occur. This holds true whether the clock is
an unwinding copper spring, a biological system such as a heart, or an
oscillating quartz crystal. No photom emission=3Dno time! As an object
approaches the speed of light, its ability to emit photons without
reabsorbing them diminishes. An object traveling at the speed of light
cannot emit a photon.
How come a photon does not age?
A photon represents momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth
expanding dimension. A photon stays the exact same place in the fourth
dimension, no matter how far it travels. A photon stays the exact same
place in time, no matter how far it travels. Again, time is not the
fourth dimension, but in inherits properties of the fourth dimension.
Why are inertial mass and gravitational mass the same thing?
Why do moving bodies exhibit length contraction?
Movement is always accompanied by a shortening in length. This is
because the only way for a body to move is for it to undergo a rotation
into the forth dimension, which is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. The more energy an electron has, the more photons
it possesses, and the higher probability it exists in the expanding
fourth dimension. Hence its length appears contracted as perceived
from the three spatial dimensions.
Why are mass and energy equivalent?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. That means that a baseball sitting on a lab table
stationary in our three-dimensional inertial reference frame, is yet
moving at a fantastic velocity relative to the fourth dimension. Hence
every seemingly stationary mass has a vast energy, as given by E=3Dmc2.
In a nuclear reaction matter is rotated into the expanding fourth
dimension, appearing as high-enegry photons (gamma rays) propagating at
the same velocity of the fourth expanding dimension-c.
Why does time's arrow point in the direction it points in? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Hence
every photon naturally expands in a spherically symmetric manner.
Hence every electron, or piece of matter that interacts with photons,
is naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence the particles in a drop of dye in a swimming
pool dissipate in a spherically symmetric manner, and are never
reunited. Hence time's arrow and entropy.
Why do photons appear as spherically-symmetric wavefronts traveling at
a velocity c? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions at the velocity c. Hence photons, which are tiny
packets of momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth dimension, appear
as spherically-symmetric wavefronts propagating at the velocity c.
Why is there a minus sign in the following metric?
x^2+y^2+z^2-c^2t^2=3Ds^2
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. Hence the only way to stay still in the
space-time continuum, and to achieve a 0 interval, is to move with the
velocity of light.
What deeper reality underlies Einstein's postulates of relativity?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. This single postulate assures that the
speed of light is constant for all observers and that the laws of
physics are the same in all inertial frames.
What deeper reality underlies Newton's laws?
Newton's laws are an approximation of relativity and quantum
mechanics, and as MDT underlies QM & relativity, it underlies
Newton's laws.
Why is an increase in velocity always accompanied by a decrease in
length as measured by an external observer? All increases in velocity
are accompanied by rotations into the fourth dimension. All
particles can be represented by momenergy 4-vectors. The greater the
momenrgy component in the expanding fourth dimension, the greater the
velocity and speed of the particle. Rest mass is the invariant here.
It never changes. It prefers the three spatial dimensions. In order
for it to move, one must gain energy in the form of photons. These
photons prefer the fourth expanding dimension. The more photons one
adds, the greater the component of the momenergy 4-vector that appears
in the fourth expanding dimension, the more energy the particle has,
the shorter it appears, and the faster it moves.
How MDT Is Aiding Fellow Physicists
"The conclusions from Bell's theorem are philosophically startling;
either one must totally abandon the realistic philosophy of most
working scientists or dramatically revise our concept of space-time."
-Abner Shimony and John Clauser
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this new concept of space-time. The
vast ambitions of most tenure-track physicists, including string
theorists and LQG hypers, causes them to focus on irrelevant, minute
questions, and thus, though funded by millions for over thirty years,
have not yet been able to string the bow. Deeper, true physicists,
such as Abner Shimony and John Clauser are alert to the fact that
physics need news ideas.
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"For me, then, this is the real problem with quantum theory: the
apparently essential conflict between any sharp formulation and
fundamental relativity. It may be that a real synthesis of quantum and
relativity theories requires not just technical developments but
radical conceptual renewal." -John Bell
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this radical conceptual renewal. The
expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"Entanglement is not one but rather the characteristic trait of quantum
mechanics." -Erwin Schrodinger
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet be at the
exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the new
concept of space-time.
"The discovery of the quantum of action shows us not only the natural
limitation of classical physics, but, by throwing a new light upon the
old philsophical problem of the objective existence of phenomena
indepedently of our observations, confronts us with a situation
hitherto unknown in natural science." -Niels Bohr
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"I think we need a new way to look at time, not either Quantum
Mechanics or Relativity." -Roger Penrose
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Should we be prepared to see some day a new structure for the
foundations of physics that does away with time? . . . Yes, because
'time' is in trouble." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Time is clothed in a different garment for each role it plays in our
thinking." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The word time came not from heaven but form the mouth of man." -John
Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"My ideas about time all developed from the realization that if nothing
were to change we could not say that times passes. Change is primary,
time, if it exists at all, is something we deduce from it. My Italian
collaborator Bruno Bertotti and I found that the deep structure of
Einstein's general theory of relativity does correspond to this truth.
It is telling us that time does not exist as an independent thing and
that change is indeed primary. However, this is in the framework of
so-called classical physics, the form of physics that developed before
quantum mechanics was discovered. When the idea that time has no
independent existence is combined with the basic facts of quantum
mechanics in the simplest possible way, the implications are startling.
.. .The quantum universe is static. Only timeless Nows exist. The
quantum rules give them different probabilities. We experience the most
probable Nows as individual instants of time. The appearance of motion
and a flow of time are both illusions created by very special structure
of the instants that we experience." -Julian Barbour,
http://www.platonia.com/ideas.html
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The mystery of time's arrow is the oldest problem in science
concerning the nature of time, predating even the theory of
relativity." -Paul Davies, About Time
MDT accounts for Time's Arrow: The fourth dimension is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Photons are momenergy
rotated entirely into this expanding fourth dimension. Hence any group
of photons originating from a central point will be found distant to
one-another. Hence every photon naturally expands in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence every electron, or piece of matter, is
naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence a drop of dye in a swimming pool dissipates in
a spherically symmetric manner, and is never reunited. Hence time's
arrow and entropy.
Moving Dimensions Theory & On The Advancement Of Physics
Physics has been furthered far more often by a rugged individual
acknowledging the simple and obvious in a pursuit of the truth than
book-keepers-in-training playing games in the abstruse in pursuit of
tenure. The advancement of physics has ever depended far more on
logic, reason, and Truth than government grants, tenure, group think,
peer-reviewed journals, and aging bureaucracies. "That is the way
things are because that is the way things are," has lead to far more
physics than the contemporary, "things can't be that way because the
math dictates that we live in thirty-three dimensions and four are
curled up, and that is what NSF is funding."
When nobody could measure nor detect the supposed ether, Einstein
proclaimed, "there is no ether." When experiments showed that light
existed only in quantized packets, Einstein proclaimed that light only
existed in quantized packets, and he won the Nobel Prize. When spectra
from atoms showed discreet energies, Niels Bohr proclaimed that
electrons orbits were quantized, and he received a Nobel Prize. When
Maxwell's Equations had a recurring constant, Maxwell used c to denote
it, and Einstein proclaimed that the speed of light must be constant
for all observers-and so Special Relativity was born. When Einstein
juxtaposed objects falling towards the earth getting closer together
with the fact that two people starting at the equator, walking on
originally parallel lines of longitude towards the North Pole, would
come together because they were walking on a curve surface, Einstein
proclaimed that the space-time around a massive object must also be
curved. This along with Einstein's realization that the force of
gravity would be rendered null in free-fall, lead to General
Relativity.
And so it is that in the above paragraph you have the roots of the
greatest achievements of physics in the past 100+ years, dwarfing
String Theory, Loop Quantum Gravity, and thousands of their variatons,
which deal in the abstruse, complicated, muddled, and mythological
worlds which are safe from physics simple rigor.
Moving Dimensions Theory returns us to simpler times. It starts with
the simple and keeps it simple. Light travels with a maximum velocity
of c, because the fourth dimension is expanding at a rate relative to
the three spatial dimensions at the velocity of c. A photon expands
through space in a spherically symmetric manner. This is because the
fourth dimension expands through the three spatial dimensions in a
spherically symmetric manner. Energy and mass are equivalent, expressed
by E=3Dmc^2, because energy is nothing more than mass rotated into the
expanding fourth dimension. The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen effect (EPR)
effect, which calls instantaneous action at a distance "spooky," can be
accounted for by the expanding dimension-as a point expands, it is yet
a single locale in that dimension, and hence though separated by
distance in space, interacting particles may be in the same place in
the time dimension, and hence connected. The null vector of the photon,
which remains 0 no matter how far the photon travels in space-time, may
be accounted for by the fact that the fourth dimension is moving, and
thus the only way to stay still in the four dimensions is to move with
along with the expanding dimension. In Lorentzian Transformations,
there is no way for an object to be rotated into the time dimension
without it moving-this can be explained by the fact that the time
dimension is expanding. All wave-particle duality can be seen as the
result of the universe's existence upon a reality that has three
stationary spatial dimensions and one expanding time dimension-when
matter exists in the stationary dimensions, it is seen as mass, or a
particle. When matter exists in the time dimension it is seen as wave,
or a photon, or energy. Depending how we choose to observer matter
determines whether we observe its wave or particle properties. Photons
are quantized bundles of energy that propagate at the velocity of
c-this is because the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the
three spatial dimensions in a quantized manner, in units of Planck's
length at the rate of c. The Second Law of Thermodyamics, or the law of
Entropy, states that the universe tends towards disorder. This is
because the fourth dimension is expanding in a spherically symmetric
manner, constantly carrying all photons and interacting particles away
from one another-thus a drop of food coloring in a pool will be carried
outward and evenly distributed. In 1949 Godel published a paper showing
that within the theory of relativity, time as we understand it, does
not exist. Einstein recognized Godel's paper as "an important
contribution to the general theory of relativity," and since then
physicists have not been able to find any logical shortcomings in
Godel's work, and nobody has been able to account for the existence of
time. But the Theory of Moving Dimensions accounts for time as we know
it by showing that it is an emergent property of the underlying
dimension's intrinsic relative movement. Relativity becomes
increasingly exact at long-length scales but fails at short ones
because space-time itself is quantized, as the time dimension is
expanding in units of the Planck length.
The concept of general relativity's smooth geometry, at large scales,
disappears on short-distance scales-this has been a problem to string
theorists, but only because they were never bold enough to recognize
that's the way it is because that's the way it is. Realizing this might
have lead one of them to see that the fourth dimension is expanding at
a rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions. So it is seen
that Moving Dimensions Theory offers a simple model upon which all
known phenomena of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics may rest. And
because the underlying architecture of the universe is
quantized-because the fourth dimension expands at the rate of c in
units of the Planck length relative to the three spatial dimensions,
quantum mechanics works for the small, while general relativity works
for the large. That is the way it is because that is the way it
is-this was the realization that lead to the postulate of MDT: the
fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.
Are New Ideas Important in Physics?
String theorists don't make predictions, they make excuses.
-Richard Feynman
An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually
winning over and converting its opponents: What does happen is that the
opponents gradually die out. -Max Planck
..=2E.I do feel strongly that this is nonsense! ...I think all this
superstring stuff is crazy and is in the wrong direction. ... I don't
like it that they're not calculating anything. ...why are the masses
of the various particles such as quarks what they are? All these
numbers ... have no explanations in these string theories - absolutely
none! ... -Richard Feynman in Davies and Brown, Superstrings,
Cambridge 1988, pp. 194-195.
String theory is the Enron of physics, and like Enron, it is but the
tip of the iceberg of the widespread group-think decline. Where Enron
and Worldcom and Global Crossing lied to plunder pensions and
investors, String Theory lies to plunder tax and tuition dollars. With
millions of NSF dollars at stake, and billions more in the way of tax
and tuition, fashion and group-think are now held superior to logic and
reason in physics. And as in all totalitarian systems which hold
themselves above logic, reason, truth, justice, and practicality, the
worst are promoted, while the best are exiled. The group-think
sycophants get the postdocs, while the indie physicists must forage on
their own.
Are new ideas important in physics as prominent physicists so often
proclaim? If so, then why are young scientists with new ideas based in
logic, reason, and reality, so often castigated, impugned, and
crucified while those who quietly, passively, and uncreatively accept
the nonsensical, none-physics, crackpot mythologies of String Theory
and M-Theory rewarded with vast salaries, health benefits, TV shows,
book deals, and tenure?
I would very much like to discuss my new theory here, but I am
forbidden from even mentioning its name, as the String Theorists and
other fashionistas do not approve of theories with postulates based in
logic and reason. And so their multi-billion dollar myth is perpetuated
at the expense of logic, reason, and physics.
But time is on our side. And what is time? I am not allowed to say, as
my theory is banned for the moment.
The current state of physics has several Prominent Physicsists and
Great Thinkers spinning in their graves:
The world we have made as a result of the level of thinking we have
done thus far creates problems we cannot solve at the same level of
thinking at which we created them. -Albert Einstein
Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by the age of
eighteen. -Albert Einstein
The mere formulation of a problem is far more often essential than its
solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental
skill. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old
problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real
advances in science. -Albert Einstein
Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre
minds. -Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein's three rules of work:
1=2E Out of clutter, find simplicity.
2=2E From discord, find harmony.
3=2E In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity
Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.
-Albert Einstein
The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious-it is
the source of all true art and science. -Albert Einstein
Science and art belong to the whole world, and before them vanish the
barriers of nationality. -Goethe
It is the tension between creativity and skepticism that has produced
the stunning and unexpected findings of science. -Carl Sagan
Inventions have long since reached their limit, and I see no hope for
further development. -Julius Sextus Frontinus, Highly regarded
engineer in Rome, 1st century A.D.
And if everybody says that you are wrong, then you are one step ahead.
But there is one situation which is better still, when everyone begins
to laugh about you, then you know you are two steps ahead. Albert
Szent-Gyorgi (Nobel-prize winning biochemist who discovered vitamin C)
One cannot step twice into the same river. -Heraclitus
While the rational mind is important, we gain a new perspective when we
learn how many of the greatest scientific insights, discoveries, and
revolutionary inventions appeared first to their creators as fantasies,
dreams, trances, lightening-flash insights, and other non-ordinary
states of consciousness. -Willis Harman and Howard Rheingold
"Let us learn to dream, gentlemen." -Kekule, famous for his
dream-inspired scientific breakthrough-discovering the molecular
structure of benzene, advised his fellow scientists:
Whenever you look at a piece of work and you think the fellow was
crazy, then you want to pay some attention to that. One of you is
likely to be, and you had better find out which one it is. It makes an
awful lot of difference. -Charles Franklin Kettering (1876-1958)
U=2ES. engineer and inventor.
An essential aspect of creativity is not being afraid to fail. -Dr.
Edwin Land
All sciences are now under the obligation to prepare the ground for
then future task of the philosopher, which is to solve the problem of
value, to determine the true hierarchy of values. -Friedrich
Nietzsche
I wish to be at any time hereafter only a yea-sayer!
-Friedrich Nietzsche
We must be physicists in order to be creative since so far codes of
values and ideals have been constructed in ignorance of physics or even
in contradiction to physics. -Friedrich Nietzsche
A thinker sees his own actions as experiments and questons.. as
attempts to find out something. Success and failure are for him answers
above all. -Friedrich Nietzsche
There are no facts, only interpretations. -Friedrich Nietzsche
If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
-Isaac Newton
Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, felt that the pioneer
scientist must have a vivid intuitive imagination, for new ideas are
not generated by deduction, but by "artistically creative
imagination."
In "Shorter Bartlett's Familiar Quotations," by John Bartlett, 1937,
1980, 1992.
It is by intuition that we discover and by logic we prove. -Henri
Poincar=E9, Mathematician
Knowledge has three degrees-opinion, science, and illumination. The
means or instrument of the first is sense; of the second, dialectic; of
the third, intuition. This last is absolute knowledge founded on the
identity of the mind knowing with the object known. -Plotinus
If at first the idea is not absurd, then there is no hope for it.
-Albert Einstein
If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
-Isaac Newton
Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, felt that the pioneer
scientist must have "a vivid intuitive imagination, for new ideas are
not generated by deduction, but by artistically creative imagination."
An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually
winning over and converting its opponents: What does happen is that the
opponents gradually die out. -Max Planck
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