Science > Physics > On The Novelty and Genius of Moving Dimensions Theory: Its Superiority to String Theory and Loop Quantum GRavity
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On The Novelty and Genius of Moving Dimensions Theory: Its Superiority to String Theory and Loop Quantum GRavity |
Moving Dimensions Theory is in complete agreement with all experimental
tests and phenomena associated with special and general relativity.
MDT is in complete agreement with all physical phenomena as predicted
by quantum mechanics and demonstrated in extensive experiments. The
genius and novelty of MDT is that it presents a common physical model
which shows that phenomena from both relativity and quantum mechanics
derive from the same fundamental physical reality.
Nowhere does String Theory nor Loop Quantum Gravity account for quantum
entanglement nor relativistic time dilation. MDT shows these derive
from the same underlying physical reality. Nowhere does ST nor LQG
account for wave-particle duality nor relativistic length contraction.
MDT shows these derive from the same underlying physical reality.
Nowhere does ST nor LQG account for the constant speed of light, nor
the independence of the speed of light on the velocity of the source,
nor entropy, nor time's arrow. MDT shows these derive from the same
underlying physical reality. Nowhere does String Theory nor Loop
Quantum Gravity resolve the paradox of Godel's Block Universe which
troubled Eisntein. MDT resolves this paradox.
Simply put, MDT replaces the contemporary none-theories with a physical
theory, complete with a simple postulate that unifies formerly
disparate phenomena within a simple context.
http://physicsmathforums.com
INTRODUCTION
In this day and age of unprecedented hype, hand-waving, and hoaxes in
theoretical physics, Dynamic Dimensions Theory rocks the universe with
a simple postulate.
The object of science is to unify formerly disparate phenomena within
a deeper framework, and Dynamic Dimensions Theory unifies both Quantum
Mechanics and Relativity with a simple framework.
For instance, both the results of the double-slit experiment and length
contraction o relativity are suddenly understood in the profound
context of Dynamic Dimensions Theory.
The famous equation E=3Dmc2 is presented in a deeper context, finally
accounting for the deeper physical reality that gives massive energies
to small masses seemingly at rest.
Godel's paradox of block-time is resolved, and action at a distance
and quantum entanglement are explained within the simple framework of
Dynamic Dimensions Theory.
The arrow of time and entropy-the second law of thermodynamics-are
accounted for, and time dialation is explained.
Dynamic dimensions theory is a theory so revolutionary that it may be
banned from the academy for years, as health benefits and tenure are
far more important than truth, logic, and reason in today's
postmodern academies.
And at last time is explained as a phenomenon that emerges from a
deeper physical reality.
THE GENERAL POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions.
THE SPECIFIC POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the rate of c in units of the Planck length, giving rise
to time and all classical, quantum mechanical, and relativistic
phenomena.
MDT IN BRIEF
Without further adieu, allow me to present the beauty and elegance of
MDT by showing both its simplicity and far-reaching ability to account
for and answer fundamental questions. All of the below will be
elaborated on throughout the book.
Questions Addressed by MDT:
Why does light have a maximum, constant speed independent of the
source? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. A photon is momenergy that exists orthogonal to
the three spatial dimensions. It is carried along by the expanding
fourth dimension. So no matter how fast the source is moving when the
photon is emitted, the photon travels at the rate with which the fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus c
is always independent of the movement of the source.
Why are light and energy quantized? The fourth dimension is expanding
in a quantized manner relative to the three spatial dimensions. Light
and energy are matter rotated completely into the fourth expanding
dimension, and as it expands in a quantized manner, light and energy
are thus quantized.
Why is the velocity of light constant in all frames? Time is an
emergent phenomena that arises because the fourth dimension is
expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. The flow of time
is inextricably wed to the emission and propagation of photons. In all
biological, mechanical, and electronic clocks, the emission and
propagation of photons is what determines time. The velocity of light
is always measured with respect to time, which is inextricably linked
to the velocity of light. This tautology ensures that the velocity of
light, measured relative to the velocity of light, will always be the
same.
How can photons display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental photon propagates as a spherical wave-front, surfing the
fourth expanding dimension. This is because the fourth expanding
dimension appears as a spherical wavefront as it expands through the
three spatial dimensions. The act of measurement localizes the
photon's momenergy, taking it out of the expanding fourth dimension
and trapping it in the three stationary spatial dimensions, and it
appears as a localized particle, trapped by electrons as it blackens a
grain on a photographic plate.
How can matter display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental electron is abuzz with photons. Photons are continually
being emitted into the fourth expanding dimension and reabsorbed by the
electron. The continual dance with these photons gives the electron
its wave properties. Nothing moves without photons which up the net
probability that the combine momenergy will be in the expanding fourth
dimension. The more photons one adds to an object, the greater the
chance it has of existing in the expanding fourth dimension, and thus
it moves.
Why are there non-local effects in quantum mechanics? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. That
means that what begins as a point in the fourth dimension is a sphere
with a 186,000 mile radius one second later. So it is that the entire
spherical wavefront of the photon exists in the exact same place in
time. Hence the non-locality observed in double slit experiments, the
EPR effect, and quantum entanglement. Take two interacting spin =BD
photons and let them propagate at the speed of c in opposite
directions. They are yet at the exact same place in time! And too,
they are yet in the exact same place of the fourth expanding dimension.
Why does time stop at the speed of light?
Time depends on the emission and propagation of photons. If no photons
are emitted, time does not occur. This holds true whether the clock is
an unwinding copper spring, a biological system such as a heart, or an
oscillating quartz crystal. No photom emission=3Dno time! As an object
approaches the speed of light, its ability to emit photons without
reabsorbing them diminishes. An object traveling at the speed of light
cannot emit a photon.
How come a photon does not age?
A photon represents momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth
expanding dimension. A photon stays the exact same place in the fourth
dimension, no matter how far it travels. A photon stays the exact same
place in time, no matter how far it travels. Again, time is not the
fourth dimension, but in inherits properties of the fourth dimension.
Why are inertial mass and gravitational mass the same thing?
Why do moving bodies exhibit length contraction?
Movement is always accompanied by a shortening in length. This is
because the only way for a body to move is for it to undergo a rotation
into the forth dimension, which is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. The more energy an electron has, the more photons
it possesses, and the higher probability it exists in the expanding
fourth dimension. Hence its length appears contracted as perceived
from the three spatial dimensions.
Why are mass and energy equivalent?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. That means that a baseball sitting on a lab table
stationary in our three-dimensional inertial reference frame, is yet
moving at a fantastic velocity relative to the fourth dimension. Hence
every seemingly stationary mass has a vast energy, as given by E=3Dmc2.
In a nuclear reaction matter is rotated into the expanding fourth
dimension, appearing as high-enegry photons (gamma rays) propagating at
the same velocity of the fourth expanding dimension-c.
Why does time's arrow point in the direction it points in? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Hence
every photon naturally expands in a spherically symmetric manner.
Hence every electron, or piece of matter that interacts with photons,
is naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence the particles in a drop of dye in a swimming
pool dissipate in a spherically symmetric manner, and are never
reunited. Hence time's arrow and entropy.
Why do photons appear as spherically-symmetric wavefronts traveling at
a velocity c? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions at the velocity c. Hence photons, which are tiny
packets of momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth dimension, appear
as spherically-symmetric wavefronts propagating at the velocity c.
Why is there a minus sign in the following metric?
x^2+y^2+z^2-c^2t^2=3Ds^2
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. Hence the only way to stay still in the
space-time continuum, and to achieve a 0 interval, is to move with the
velocity of light.
What deeper reality underlies Einstein's postulates of relativity?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. This single postulate assures that the
speed of light is constant for all observers and that the laws of
physics are the same in all inertial frames.
What deeper reality underlies Newton's laws?
Newton's laws are an approximation of relativity and quantum
mechanics, and as MDT underlies QM & relativity, it underlies
Newton's laws.
How MDT Is Aiding Fellow Physicists
"The conclusions from Bell's theorem are philosophically startling;
either one must totally abandon the realistic philosophy of most
working scientists or dramatically revise our concept of space-time."
-Abner Shimony and John Clauser
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this new concept of space-time. The
vast ambitions of most tenure-track physicists, including string
theorists and LQG hypers, causes them to focus on irrelevant, minute
questions, and thus, though funded by millions for over thirty years,
have not yet been able to string the bow. Deeper, true physicists,
such as Abner Shimony and John Clauser are alert to the fact that
physics need news ideas.
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"For me, then, this is the real problem with quantum theory: the
apparently essential conflict between any sharp formulation and
fundamental relativity. It may be that a real synthesis of quantum and
relativity theories requires not just technical developments but
radical conceptual renewal." -John Bell
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this radical conceptual renewal. The
expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"Entanglement is not one but rather the characteristic trait of quantum
mechanics." -Erwin Schrodinger
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet be at the
exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the new
concept of space-time.
"The discovery of the quantum of action shows us not only the natural
limitation of classical physics, but, by throwing a new light upon the
old philsophical problem of the objective existence of phenomena
indepedently of our observations, confronts us with a situation
hitherto unknown in natural science." -Niels Bohr
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"I think we need a new way to look at time, not either Quantum
Mechanics or Relativity." -Roger Penrose
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Should we be prepared to see some day a new structure for the
foundations of physics that does away with time? . . . Yes, because
'time' is in trouble." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Time is clothed in a different garment for each role it plays in our
thinking." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The word time came not from heaven but form the mouth of man." -John
Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"My ideas about time all developed from the realization that if nothing
were to change we could not say that times passes. Change is primary,
time, if it exists at all, is something we deduce from it. My Italian
collaborator Bruno Bertotti and I found that the deep structure of
Einstein's general theory of relativity does correspond to this truth.
It is telling us that time does not exist as an independent thing and
that change is indeed primary. However, this is in the framework of
so-called classical physics, the form of physics that developed before
quantum mechanics was discovered. When the idea that time has no
independent existence is combined with the basic facts of quantum
mechanics in the simplest possible way, the implications are startling.
.. .The quantum universe is static. Only timeless Nows exist. The
quantum rules give them different probabilities. We experience the most
probable Nows as individual instants of time. The appearance of motion
and a flow of time are both illusions created by very special structure
of the instants that we experience." -Julian Barbour,
http://www.platonia.com/ideas.html
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The mystery of time's arrow is the oldest problem in science
concerning the nature of time, predating even the theory of
relativity." -Paul Davies, About Time
MDT accounts for Time's Arrow: The fourth dimension is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Photons are momenergy
rotated entirely into this expanding fourth dimension. Hence any group
of photons originating from a central point will be found distant to
one-another. Hence every photon naturally expands in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence every electron, or piece of matter, is
naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence a drop of dye in a swimming pool dissipates in
a spherically symmetric manner, and is never reunited. Hence time's
arrow and entropy.
Moving Dimensions Theory & On The Advancement Of Physics
Physics has been furthered far more often by a rugged individual
acknowledging the simple and obvious in a pursuit of the truth than
book-keepers-in-training playing games in the abstruse in pursuit of
tenure. The advancement of physics has ever depended far more on
logic, reason, and Truth than government grants, tenure, group think,
peer-reviewed journals, and aging bureaucracies. "That is the way
things are because that is the way things are," has lead to far more
physics than the contemporary, "things can't be that way because the
math dictates that we live in thirty-three dimensions and four are
curled up, and that is what NSF is funding."
When nobody could measure nor detect the supposed ether, Einstein
proclaimed, "there is no ether." When experiments showed that light
existed only in quantized packets, Einstein proclaimed that light only
existed in quantized packets, and he won the Nobel Prize. When spectra
from atoms showed discreet energies, Niels Bohr proclaimed that
electrons orbits were quantized, and he received a Nobel Prize. When
Maxwell's Equations had a recurring constant, Maxwell used c to denote
it, and Einstein proclaimed that the speed of light must be constant
for all observers-and so Special Relativity was born. When Einstein
juxtaposed objects falling towards the earth getting closer together
with the fact that two people starting at the equator, walking on
originally parallel lines of longitude towards the North Pole, would
come together because they were walking on a curve surface, Einstein
proclaimed that the space-time around a massive object must also be
curved. This along with Einstein's realization that the force of
gravity would be rendered null in free-fall, lead to General
Relativity.
And so it is that in the above paragraph you have the roots of the
greatest achievements of physics in the past 100+ years, dwarfing
String Theory, Loop Quantum Gravity, and thousands of their variatons,
which deal in the abstruse, complicated, muddled, and mythological
worlds which are safe from physics simple rigor.
Moving Dimensions Theory returns us to simpler times. It starts with
the simple and keeps it simple. Light travels with a maximum velocity
of c, because the fourth dimension is expanding at a rate relative to
the three spatial dimensions at the velocity of c. A photon expands
through space in a spherically symmetric manner. This is because the
fourth dimension expands through the three spatial dimensions in a
spherically symmetric manner. Energy and mass are equivalent, expressed
by E=3Dmc^2, because energy is nothing more than mass rotated into the
expanding fourth dimension. The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen effect (EPR)
effect, which calls instantaneous action at a distance "spooky," can be
accounted for by the expanding dimension-as a point expands, it is yet
a single locale in that dimension, and hence though separated by
distance in space, interacting particles may be in the same place in
the time dimension, and hence connected. The null vector of the photon,
which remains 0 no matter how far the photon travels in space-time, may
be accounted for by the fact that the fourth dimension is moving, and
thus the only way to stay still in the four dimensions is to move with
along with the expanding dimension. In Lorentzian Transformations,
there is no way for an object to be rotated into the time dimension
without it moving-this can be explained by the fact that the time
dimension is expanding. All wave-particle duality can be seen as the
result of the universe's existence upon a reality that has three
stationary spatial dimensions and one expanding time dimension-when
matter exists in the stationary dimensions, it is seen as mass, or a
particle. When matter exists in the time dimension it is seen as wave,
or a photon, or energy. Depending how we choose to observer matter
determines whether we observe its wave or particle properties. Photons
are quantized bundles of energy that propagate at the velocity of
c-this is because the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the
three spatial dimensions in a quantized manner, in units of Planck's
length at the rate of c. The Second Law of Thermodyamics, or the law of
Entropy, states that the universe tends towards disorder. This is
because the fourth dimension is expanding in a spherically symmetric
manner, constantly carrying all photons and interacting particles away
from one another-thus a drop of food coloring in a pool will be carried
outward and evenly distributed. In 1949 Godel published a paper showing
that within the theory of relativity, time as we understand it, does
not exist. Einstein recognized Godel's paper as "an important
contribution to the general theory of relativity," and since then
physicists have not been able to find any logical shortcomings in
Godel's work, and nobody has been able to account for the existence of
time. But the Theory of Moving Dimensions accounts for time as we know
it by showing that it is an emergent property of the underlying
dimension's intrinsic relative movement. Relativity becomes
increasingly exact at long-length scales but fails at short ones
because space-time itself is quantized, as the time dimension is
expanding in units of the Planck length.
The concept of general relativity's smooth geometry, at large scales,
disappears on short-distance scales-this has been a problem to string
theorists, but only because they were never bold enough to recognize
that's the way it is because that's the way it is. Realizing this might
have lead one of them to see that the fourth dimension is expanding at
a rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions. So it is seen
that Moving Dimensions Theory offers a simple model upon which all
known phenomena of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics may rest. And
because the underlying architecture of the universe is
quantized-because the fourth dimension expands at the rate of c in
units of the Planck length relative to the three spatial dimensions,
quantum mechanics works for the small, while general relativity works
for the large. That is the way it is because that is the way it
is-this was the realization that lead to the postulate of MDT: the
fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.
Are New Ideas Important in Physics?
String theorists don't make predictions, they make excuses.
-Richard Feynman
An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually
winning over and converting its opponents: What does happen is that the
opponents gradually die out. -Max Planck
..=2E.I do feel strongly that this is nonsense! ...I think all this
superstring stuff is crazy and is in the wrong direction. ... I don't
like it that they're not calculating anything. ...why are the masses
of the various particles such as quarks what they are? All these
numbers ... have no explanations in these string theories - absolutely
none! ... -Richard Feynman in Davies and Brown, Superstrings,
Cambridge 1988, pp. 194-195.
String theory is the Enron of physics, and like Enron, it is but the
tip of the iceberg of the widespread group-think decline. Where Enron
and Worldcom and Global Crossing lied to plunder pensions and
investors, String Theory lies to plunder tax and tuition dollars. With
millions of NSF dollars at stake, and billions more in the way of tax
and tuition, fashion and group-think are now held superior to logic and
reason in physics. And as in all totalitarian systems which hold
themselves above logic, reason, truth, justice, and practicality, the
worst are promoted, while the best are exiled. The group-think
sycophants get the postdocs, while the indie physicists must forage on
their own.
Are new ideas important in physics as prominent physicists so often
proclaim? If so, then why are young scientists with new ideas based in
logic, reason, and reality, so often castigated, impugned, and
crucified while those who quietly, passively, and uncreatively accept
the nonsensical, none-physics, crackpot mythologies of String Theory
and M-Theory rewarded with vast salaries, health benefits, TV shows,
book deals, and tenure?
I would very much like to discuss my new theory here, but I am
forbidden from even mentioning its name, as the String Theorists and
other fashionistas do not approve of theories with postulates based in
logic and reason. And so their multi-billion dollar myth is perpetuated
at the expense of logic, reason, and physics.
But time is on our side. And what is time? I am not allowed to say, as
my theory is banned for the moment.
The current state of physics has several Prominent Physicsists and
Great Thinkers spinning in their graves:
The world we have made as a result of the level of thinking we have
done thus far creates problems we cannot solve at the same level of
thinking at which we created them. -Albert Einstein
Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by the age of
eighteen. -Albert Einstein
The mere formulation of a problem is far more often essential than its
solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental
skill. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old
problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real
advances in science. -Albert Einstein
Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre
minds. -Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein's three rules of work:
1=2E Out of clutter, find simplicity.
2=2E From discord, find harmony.
3=2E In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity
Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.
-Albert Einstein
The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious-it is
the source of all true art and science. -Albert Einstein
Science and art belong to the whole world, and before them vanish the
barriers of nationality. -Goethe
It is the tension between creativity and skepticism that has produced
the stunning and unexpected findings of science. -Carl Sagan
Inventions have long since reached their limit, and I see no hope for
further development. -Julius Sextus Frontinus, Highly regarded
engineer in Rome, 1st century A.D.
And if everybody says that you are wrong, then you are one step ahead.
But there is one situation which is better still, when everyone begins
to laugh about you, then you know you are two steps ahead. Albert
Szent-Gyorgi (Nobel-prize winning biochemist who discovered vitamin C)
One cannot step twice into the same river. -Heraclitus
While the rational mind is important, we gain a new perspective when we
learn how many of the greatest scientific insights, discoveries, and
revolutionary inventions appeared first to their creators as fantasies,
dreams, trances, lightening-flash insights, and other non-ordinary
states of consciousness. -Willis Harman and Howard Rheingold
"Let us learn to dream, gentlemen." -Kekule, famous for his
dream-inspired scientific breakthrough-discovering the molecular
structure of benzene, advised his fellow scientists:
Whenever you look at a piece of work and you think the fellow was
crazy, then you want to pay some attention to that. One of you is
likely to be, and you had better find out which one it is. It makes an
awful lot of difference. -Charles Franklin Kettering (1876-1958)
U=2ES. engineer and inventor.
An essential aspect of creativity is not being afraid to fail. -Dr.
Edwin Land
All sciences are now under the obligation to prepare the ground for
then future task of the philosopher, which is to solve the problem of
value, to determine the true hierarchy of values. -Friedrich
Nietzsche
I wish to be at any time hereafter only a yea-sayer!
-Friedrich Nietzsche
We must be physicists in order to be creative since so far codes of
values and ideals have been constructed in ignorance of physics or even
in contradiction to physics. -Friedrich Nietzsche
A thinker sees his own actions as experiments and questons.. as
attempts to find out something. Success and failure are for him answers
above all. -Friedrich Nietzsche
There are no facts, only interpretations. -Friedrich Nietzsche
If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
-Isaac Newton
Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, felt that the pioneer
scientist must have a vivid intuitive imagination, for new ideas are
not generated by deduction, but by "artistically creative
imagination."
In "Shorter Bartlett's Familiar Quotations," by John Bartlett, 1937,
1980, 1992.
It is by intuition that we discover and by logic we prove. -Henri
Poincar=E9, Mathematician
Knowledge has three degrees-opinion, science, and illumination. The
means or instrument of the first is sense; of the second, dialectic; of
the third, intuition. This last is absolute knowledge founded on the
identity of the mind knowing with the object known. -Plotinus
If at first the idea is not absurd, then there is no hope for it.
-Albert Einstein
If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
-Isaac Newton
Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, felt that the pioneer
scientist must have "a vivid intuitive imagination, for new ideas are
not generated by deduction, but by artistically creative imagination."
An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually
winning over and converting its opponents: What does happen is that the
opponents gradually die out. -Max Planck
It was bad enough, they say, when string theorists treated nonbelievers
as though they were a little slow-witted. Now, it seems, at least some
superstring advocates are ready to abandon the essential definition of
science itself on the basis that string theory is too important to be
hampered by old-fashioned notions of experimental proof. - Michael
Lemonick, Time Magazine, The Unraveling of String Theory, August 2006
In the mood for some no-holds-barred gossip or a nasty screed? Then
start browsing the physics blogosphere, where some exceedingly smart
people are spending an inordinate amount of time belittling one
another. Alas, even this magazine has come under attack. The cause of
all the commotion? Some nervy upstarts are questioning the validity of
string theory, which is to physics what Wal-Mart is to retail: the
biggest thing around, dominant for more than 20 years now. And woe unto
anyone who doubts the orthodoxy.... Tim Folger, Tangled Up In
Strings-Discover Magazine
The Scientific American review (of Peter Woit's Not Even Wrong) is by
George Johnson and entitled The Inelegant Universe. Johnson notes one
of his pieces for the New York Times six years ago carries what he now
sees as an embarassing headline: "Physicists Finally Find a Way to
Test Superstring Theory" (in his defense, this kind of headline is
still appearing in over-hyped articles about string theory to this
day). I've been a bit surprised at how friendly a reception
Smolin's book and mine have been getting so far from science writers.
I think one reason for this is that many of them have repeatedly over
the last twenty years written articles about string theory that repeat
a lot of the hype promising imminent success in producing predictions.
They've now been burned too many times and are very open to listening
to the critics. -Peter Woit's Rockin' Blog Not Even Wrong,
http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/
In his autobiography Einstein said:
Before I enter upon a critique of mechanics as a foundation of
physics, something of a broadly general nature will first have to be
said concerning the points of view according to which it is possible to
criticize physical theories at all. The first point of view is obvious:
The theory must not contradict empirical facts. However evident this
demand may in the first place appear, its application turns out to be
quite delicate. For it is often, perhaps even always, possible to
adhere to a general theoretical foundation by securing the adaption of
the theory to the facts by means of artificial additional assumptions.
In any case, however, this first point of view is concerned with the
confirmation of the theoretical foundation by the available empirical
facts.
The second point of view is not concerned with the relation to
the material of observation but with the premises of the theory itself,
with what may briefly but vaguely be characterized as the "naturalness"
or " logical simplicity" of the premises (of the basic concepts and of
the relations between these which are taken as a basis). This point of
view, an exact formulation of which meets with great difficulties, has
played an important role in the selection and evaluation of theories
since time immemorial. The problem here is not simply one of a kind of
enumeration of the logically independent premises (if anything like
this were at all unequivocally possible), but that of a kind of
reciprocal weighing of incommeasurable qualities. Furthermore, among
theories of equally "simple" foundation that one is to be taken as
superior which most sharply delimits the qualities of system in the
abstract (i.e., contains that most definite claims). Of the "realm" of
theories I need not speak here, inasmuch as we are confining ourselves
to such theories whose object is the totality of all physical
appearances. The second point of view may briefly be characterized as
concerning itself with the "inner perfection" of the theory, whereas
the first point of view refers to the "external confirmation." The
following I reckon as also belonging to the "inner perfection" of a
theory: we prize a theory more highly if, from the logical standpoint,
it is not the result of an arbitrary choice among theories which, among
themselves, are of equal value and analogously constructed.
Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, Volume One,
1949, Autobiographical Notes, p 21--23,
Open Court, Cambridge University Press.
Imagine two photons originating at the same point. As they travel at
the speed of light, they yet remain at the exact same place in time.
One second later one is measured to be 186,000 miles to the left of its
origin. The other is measured to be 186,000 miles to the right of its
origin. Though separated by 372,000 miles, they are at the exact same
place in time. This is because the fourth dimension is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions.
Picture a 1 kg weight sitting on a table. It yet has a vast energy
associated with it, proportional to E=3Dmc2. This is because although
stationary in the three spatial dimensions, it is yet traveling through
the fourth dimension at c. This is because the fourth dimension is
expanding at the rate of c relative to the three spatial dimenions.
MOVING DIMENSIONS THEORY
ABSTRACT
Moving Dimensions Theory accounts for and unifies general relativity
and quantum mechanics by postulating that the fourth dimension is
expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions in units of the
Planck length at the rate of c. In addition to providing a deeper
framework for the two theories, MDT offers an underlying context
accounting for quantum mechanical, relativistic, and classical physics.
Phenomena including wave-particle duality, interference phenomena, the
spherical symmetry of photon propagation, action at a distance, the
uncertainty principle, the gravitational redshift, time dilation,
Lorentzian contraction, time's arrow, the equivalence of mass and
energy, and time itself are accounted for within this deeper framework.
The above physical phenomena and many more, spanning quantum mechanics
and relativity, can be seen as arising from MDT's postulate. Time is
not the fourth dimension, but a phenomena that emerges because the
fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions,
resolving Godel's block universe paradox and Zeno's paradox.
..
1=2E The First Postulate of Moving Dimensions Theory
MDT's General Postulate: The fourth dimension is expanding relative
to the three spatial dimensions.
MDT's Specific Postulate: The fourth dimension is expanding relative
to the three spatial dimensions in units of the Planck length at the
rate of c.
2=2E It's As Simple As a Photon's Spherically Symmetric Wavefront
A photon propagates at the velocity c as a sphereically-symmetric
wavefron. The spherical symmetry of the photon's wavefront may be
viewed as the result of matter (momenergy) having been rotated into the
fourth dimension-the matter has become orthogonal to the spatial
dimensions, and it is now expanding along with the fourth dimension,
equally in all directions. Thus we may conclude that the fourth
dimension is expanding equally in all directions as a spherically
symmetric manner wherever space-time is flat. In regions of curved
space-time, the fourth dimension expands in a manner dictated by the
local curvature. Thus a photon emitted from the sun will appear
stretched, or red-shifted, when it is observed far away from the sun.
3=2E All Objects Travel Through Space-Time With The Velocity c
Einstein noted that all objects travel through space-time with the
velocity c.
This never changes.
This fact underlies the conservation principles.
And underlying the conservation principles is the fact that the fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.
Even though we perceive a ruler along the x axis to be stationary, it
is yet traveling through space-time at the fixed speed of c, implying
that time is moving through it. Rotate the ruler towards the y axis,
and its projection upon the x axis shortens, yet it still appears to be
stationary, and it is still traveling through space-time at the rate of
c=2E
Rotate the ruler into the fourth dimension, known as the time
dimension, and its projection along the x axis shortens, according to
relativity and the Lorentz contraction. The ruler begins to propagate
through the three spatial dimensions, while maintaining the fixed speed
of c through space-time. The ruler moves through the three spatial
dimensions as it is rotated into the time dimension because the time
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.
4=2E Brian Green & Einstein Support Moving Dimensions Theory
As Brian Greene points out in the Appendix to Chapter 2 of The Elegant
Universe, "we note that from the space-time position 4-vector
x=3D(ct,x1,x2,x3), we can create the velocity 4-vector u=3Ddx/d(tau), where
tau is the proper time defined by
d(tau)^2=3Ddt^2-c^-2(dx1^2+dx2^2+dx3^2). Then the "speed through
space-time" is the magnitude of the 4-vector u,
((c^2dt^2-dx^2)/(dt^2-c^-2dx^2))^(1/2), which is identically the speed
of light c. Now, we can rearrange the equation
c^2(dt/d(tau))^2-(dx/d(tau))^2=3Dc^2 to be c^2(d(tau)/dt))^2
+(dx/d(tau))^2=3Dc^2. This shows that an increase of an object's speed
through space, (dx/d(tau))^2)^(1/2)=3D dx/d(tau) must be accompanied by a
decrease in d(tau)/dt which is the object's speed through time, which
also may be considered the rate at which time elapses on it's own clock
d(tau) or the proper time, as compared with that on our stationary
clock dt."
5=2E Surfing A Wave Analogy : The Birth of Moving Dimensions Theory
Here's a good analogy of "surfing a wave" that sheds light on Moving
Dimensions Theory.
A few years back, while surfing a towering wave on the Outer Banks of
North Carolina, a beautiful thought occurred to me. Suppose the wave I
was riding represented a coordinate in a dimension. Then although I was
approaching shore, I was not moving in this dimension. The dimension
itself was moving-I was stationary with respect to this dimension,
but moving relative to other dimensions. I was "surfing" a moving
dimension.
The General Postulate of Moving Dimensions Theory: The fourth dimension
is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.
In a flash I saw that that is why photons never age-they are moving
along with the fourth dimension, and thus stationary relative to the
fourth dimension, while moving at the velocity of light relative to the
three spatial dimensions.
And behold! I saw that "moving dimensions" explained the equivalence of
mass and energy. E=3Dmc2 arose because whenever matter "surfs" the
expanding time dimension, it appears as energy in the three spatial
dimensions. In another flash I saw that that is why a photon's
space-time interval is represented by a null vector, or a 0, no matter
how far it travels through space.
Indeed, in his special theory of relativity, Einstein stated that an
object's velocity through space-time is always c. This means that even
objects stationary in the three spatial dimensions yet have a velocity
c through the fourth dimension. How could this be unless the fourth
dimension is moving relative to the three spatial dimensions? Even
"stationary" objects sitting on your desk are traveling at the velocity
c through time! How could this be were it not that the fourth dimension
is traveling at the velocity c relative to the object that is
stationary in the three spatial dimensions? Thus there exists a fourth
expanding dimension, which matter can surf as photons, giving rise to
our notion of time, as well as the equivalence of mass and energy in
E=3Dmc^2. And so it is that Moving Dimensions Theory was born as the
wave crested and crashed about me, thundering on down, as I fought to
remain surfing amidst the foam, facing the setting sun silhouetting the
Hatteras light.
6=2E What Does It Mean For A Dimension to Move?
Einstein's well-regarded theory of General Relativity inherently
necessitates the reality of moving dimensions. And yet some trained
physicists have a knee-jerk reaction that the fourth dimension cannot
be moving because "dimensions cannot move." But dimensions can and do
move relative to one-another. First off, since the universe is
expanding, space-time is also expanding, demonstrating that dimensions
are moving and expanding. Secondly, general relativity demonstrates
that massive objects warp space-time, meaning that as a massive object
moves though space-time, it stretches space-time, showing again that
space-time in one area can move, or deform, relative to space-time in
another area. GR is a sound theory, backed up with multiple
high-profile experiments, including the demonstration that starlight is
bent by the sun and the verification that orbiting stars radiate energy
in the form of gravity waves.
Thus there exist neither philosophical nor physical barriers to the
concept of moving dimensions, but for artificial ones within lazy
minds. A curious sign of the times is that some physicists will accept
on blind faith the existence of ten, twenty, or thirty dimensions,
dimensions that are mysteriously "curled up," or "too small to
measure," and yet they will reel in shock and horror at a perfectly
obvious postulate-the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the
three spatial dimensions.
7=2E MDT & The Purpose of Physics
The purpose of physics has ever been to unify diverse physical
phenomena with simple postulates, laws, and formulas reflecting the
deeper physical reality. MDT unifies relativity and quantum mechanics
by positing that they are both emergent properties of moving
dimensions. MDT's simple postulate-the fourth dimension is
expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions-offers the first
satisfactory explanation of the Einstein Podolsky Rosen (EPR) effect
and the nonlocal behavior inherent to the math and physical reality of
quantum mechanics. Time itself is viewed not as the fourth dimension,
but as an emergent phenomena arising from the expansion of the fourth
dimension relative to the three spatial dimensions. This logic
alleviates a confusion of time with an actual fourth dimension where
one can travel back and forth at will, thus addressing Godel's,
Einstein's, Hawking's, Barbour's, and Penrose's concerns about frozen
time, and accounting for time's relentless arrow, the second law of
thermodynamics, and entropy. MDT 1) unifies disparate phenomena within
a common underlying framework 2) resolves the paradoxes of time travel
3) accounts for the natural wave-particle duality of all mass and
energy, and 4) accounts for hitherto strange behavior noted n Bell's
inequalities and the EPR paradox.
6=2E Rotations Into 4th Dimension Are Always Accompanied by Acceleration
in Spatial Dimensions
Simply put, it is not possible to rotate an object into the fourth
dimension without that object gaining a velocity. Thus the time
dimension itself must be expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. Another way of looking at this is asking, "Why does
something always move when it is rotated out of the three spatial
dimensions and into the time dimension?" If someone can conduct a
Lorentz transformation on a ruler, and rotate it into the time
dimension without it moving through the three spatial dimensions, I
would very much like to hear about it.
7=2E Einstein's Two Postulates Restated by MDT's Single Postulate
I=2E The laws of physical phenomena are the same in all inertial frames.
II. The velocity of light in free space is a universal constant,
independent of any relative motion of the source and the observer.
MDT proposes that the two postulates can be expressed in an alternative
manner, by stating the following law of moving dimensions:
I=2E The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions.
This can be illustrated in several ways: Consider an expression for the
space-time interval of zero length, or of the null vector, which traces
a photon's path through space-time:
x^2+y^2+z^2-c^2t^2=3D0
or
x^2+y^2+z^2=3Dc^2t^2
Which for one spatial dimension becomes
x^2=3Dc^2t^2
or x=3Dct
by taking the derivative of both sides with respect to t, we get
dx/dt =3D d/dt (ct) =3D c
so
dx/dt =3D c
And hence the time rate of change of the spatial dimension relative to
the time rate of change of the time dimension is equal to the velocity
of light.
8=2E The Worldline of a Photon-Stationary in Space-time =3D Moving
Through Space
ct| /
| /
| /
| /
| /
|/_______________
x
Also, if we trace the path of a photon on a space-time diagram, the
only way for a photon to remain stationary in space-time is to move at
the speed of light.
Think about this.
In order to stay stationary in space-time, the photon must propagate
through space with the velocity c. It must keep up with the expanding
fourth dimension in order to have zero net movement through space-time.
The null vector, which represents a vector of zero length in
space-time, can only imply zero movement through space-time. Even
though a photon moves through space at a velocity equal to c, it stays
stationary in space-time. Is it not strange at first that in order to
remain stationary in space time, a photon moves through space? This is
because the fourth dimension itself is moving relative to space.
Moving Clocks Emit Less Photons =3D Moving Clocks Run Slow
As an object accelerates through space, it is rotated more and more
into the expanding fourth dimension. Less wave fronts of the expanding
fourth dimension, which can carry away photons, are allowed to pass
through it. Thus a moving clock will run slower, as all clocks are
based on the probabilistic emission and propagation of photons, and as
a moving clock catches up with the expanding wavefront of time, the
chance that a photon will be emitted without being reabsorbed is
diminished. Simply put, the faster a clock propagates, the more
likely it is to reabsorb a photon, and as an object ceases to emit
photons, it ceases to age, as all aging, be it the unwinding of a clock
spring, the oscillations of a quartz crystal, or biochemical reactions,
are inherently related to the emission of photons.
A Photon Preserves its Fourth Dimension Geometry as it Propagates:
Gravitational Redshift
Spacetime is stretched near to massive objects, relative to far away
spacetime. Thus a photon generated close to a massive object will be
red-shifted when observed far away from the massive object. For when
the photon is emitted, it is emitted at a certain frequency which is
really the ratio of its length in space relative to its length in time.
Its length in time is conserved, and as it propagates it encounters an
underlying unstretched metric, or unstretched spacetime, and thus it
itself appears to be stretched, or red-shifted.
MDT Explains The Shapiro Time Delay Effect
The Shapiro time delay effect, or gravitational time delay effect, is
one of the four classic solar system tests of General relativity.
Radar signals passing near a massive object take slightly longer to
travel to a target and longer to return (as measured by the observer)
than they would if the mass of the object were not present. Spacetime
is stretched close to the massive object, and the photon preserves its
geometry of where it was generated. Thus it appears shorter as it
passes through the stretched spacetime, and it is blue shifted as it
passes by the massive object, and then red shifted as it travels away.
Also, it has further to travel, as it retains the same length from
where it was generated, while the space around the massive object is
stretched.
Time is an Emergent Phenomena of Moving Dimensions-It is Not a
Dimension
Einstein's, Penrose's (and many leading physicist's) mistaken view of
"the future being out there" in a block universe arises because
physicists misleadingly label "time" the fourth dimension, thus
implying that just as we can move anywhere in the three spatial
dimensions, such as up and down and back again, so too can we move
anywhere in the time dimension, to the past, the future, and back
again, implying that both the past and future must exist, as sure as
New York and Los Angeles.
But time is not so much the fourth dimension as it is an emergent
phenomena that arises because a fourth dimension is expanding at the
rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions in a spherically
symmetric manner in units of the Planck length.
The Debate Over the Block Universe: MDT To the Rescue:
Again we see quantum mechanics and relativity at odds over the debate
of the block universe implied by relativity, which seems to imply a
definitive, real future, which seemingly contradicts quantum mechanic's
inherent randomness and free will. MDT resolves this paradox by viewing
time not as the fourth dimension, but as a phenomena that emerges
because the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. Because all time is measured via the propagation of
photons, and because all photons propagate as matter carried along by
the expanding fourth dimension, time has oft been ascribed properties
of a fourth dimension similar to the three spatial dimensions,
resulting in paradoxical, misleading interpretations of the universe.
Suffice it to say MDT sees time not as a dimension, but as an emergent
property of a fourth dimension expanding relative to three spatial
dimensions.
In their paper concerning the paradoxes outlined above, "The Debate
over the Block Universe," Isham, C.J. and J.C. Polkinghorne write:
http://www.meta-library.net/ctns-vo/isham-body.html
"Proponents of the block universe appeal to special and general
relativity to support a timeless view in which all spacetime events
have equal ontological status. The finite speed of light, the light
cone structure, and the downfall of universal simultaneity and with it
the physical status of "flowing time" in special relativity result in a
heightened tendency to ontologize spacetime. The additional
arbitrariness in the choice of time coordinates in general relativity
makes flowing time physically meaningless. Thus no fundamental meaning
can be ascribed to the "present" as the moving barrier with the kind of
unique and universal significance needed to unequivocally distinguish
"past" from "future." Instead the flowing present is a mental
construct, and four-dimensional spacetime is an "eternally existing"
structure. God may know the temporality of events as experienced
subjectively by creatures, but God cannot act temporally, since flowing
time has no fundamental meaning in nature. Theologians must accept the
Boethian and even gnostic implications of the block universe."
http://www.meta-library.net/ctns-vo/isham-body.html
Isham and Polkinghorne continue: "Opponents of the block universe begin
by distinguishing between kinematics and dynamics. Special relativity
imposes only kinematic constraints on the structure of spacetime. The
dynamics of quantum physics and chaos theory encourages a view of
nature as open and temporal, thus allowing for both human and divine
agency. The problem of the lack of universal simultaneity is lessened
since simultaneity is an a posteriori construct. Philosophically
disposed to critical realism, opponents are wary of the incipient
reductionism of the block view. They resist the Boethian implications
of relativity, and argue instead that divine omnipresence must be
redefined in terms of a special frame of reference, perhaps one
provided by the cosmic background radiation. God's knowledge of
spacetime events in terms of this frame of reference will be
constrained by both the world's causal sequence and the distinction
between past and future. Similarly God's actions will be consistent
with relativity theory."
http://www.meta-library.net/ctns-vo/isham-body.html
In MDT, both quantum mechanics and relativity are in perfect harmony,
but the time in relativity is not a dimension on equal footing with the
three spatial dimensions. Rather, time is an emergent parameter arising
from matter (photons) being carried along with a fourth dimension that
is expanding at a constant rate relative to the three spatial
dimensions.
MDT & Time's Arrow / 2nd Law of Thermodyamics / Entropy
Entropy states that the universe tends towards disorder. This is
because the fourth dimension is expanding in a spherically symmetric
manner, constantly carrying all initially close photons and particles
away from one another-thus a drop of food coloring in a pool is carried
outward and evenly distributed as time evolves. Because the fourth
dimension is expanding as a spherically symmetric wavefront through the
three spatial dimensions, photons, as well as all matter that interacts
with photons, exhibits a probability to move in a spherically symmetric
manner. Thus, if we have a clump of atoms in the middle of a room, a
probability exists for the atoms to spread apart in a spherically
symmetrical manner, being carried along by the expanding time
dimension.
Traveling Backwards in Time:
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. The expansion appears as a spherically-symmetric wave-front
propagating throughout the three spatial dimensions. This is the prime
mover-the fundamental source of all time, energy, and motion. When
matter exists completely in the fourth dimension, it appears as a
photon, expanding in a spherical wave-front relative to the three
spatial dimensions. Now Huygen's Principle shows that each point upon
the crest of a spherically symmetric wavefront is itself a spherically
symmetric wavefront. That means that there is a finite probability that
a photon's spherical wavefront will collapse into a smaller region, in
which case it might be measured to be somewhere where it was. Such a
photon may be said to be traveling back in time, and such a photon will
have traveled less than the speed of light.
On the quantum scale, where the fourth dimension is expanding in units
of the Planck length, there is a higher chance of light being measured
to move slower or faster than the speed of light-there is a higher
chance of a photon traveling backwards, or its expanding wave front
getting a little smaller as opposed to bigger, but over large distances
the speed of light is determined to be c.
And just like photons, electrons and other particles may from be seen
to go back in time. All this means is that their wave functions are
surfing a region of the fourth-dimension which is contracting as
opposed to expanding-there is a small probability of this happening,
due to Huygen's principle, as elaborated on above.
But time travel on a macroscopic scale is prohibited, as the past and
future do not exist. We do not live in a block universe, wherein time
is a dimension, but rather time is an emergent phenomena, accounted for
with MDT's postulate: the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the
three spatial dimensions.
Godel's Block Universe Paradox Resolved
In 1949 Godel published a paper showing that within the theory of
relativity, time as we understand it, does not exist. Einstein
recognized Godel's paper as "an important contribution to the general
theory of relativity," and since then physicists have not been able to
find any logical shortcomings in Godel's work, and nobody has been able
to account for the existence of time. But the Theory of Moving
Dimensions accounts for time as we know it by showing that it is an
emergent property of the underlying dimension's intrinsic relative
movement.
Godel wrote, "By making a round trip on a rocket ship in a sufficiently
wide course, it is possible in these worlds to travel into any region
of the past, present, and future, and back again, exactly as it is
possible in other worlds to travel to distant parts of space. This
state of affairs seems to imply an absurdity. For it enables one to
travel into the near past of those places where he himself lived. There
he would find a person who would be himself at some earlier period of
life. Now he could do something to this person, which, by his memory,
he knows has not happened to him."
http://physicsmathforums.com
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| User: "" |
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| Title: Re: On The Novelty and Genius of Moving Dimensions Theory: Its Superiority to String Theory and Loop Quantum GRavity |
02 Sep 2006 02:53:05 PM |
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http://physicsmathforums.com --where logic, truth, and reason trump
String Theology
A great research project for grad students and postdocs would be to
show how both the space-time metric and the Schr=F6dinger equation arise
from the first postulate of MDT:
The Fourth Dimension is expanding relative to the Three Spatial
Dimensions.
While String Theory is absorbing the tens of millions of NSF funds and
the accompanying billions of local tax and tuition dollars:
http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/progSearch.do;jsessionid=3DB6AE5664DB11367AE...
The best way to raise funds for alternative theories is t-shirts:
http://www.cafepress.com/autumnrangers.72464949
THE GENERAL POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions.
THE SPECIFIC POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the rate of c in units of the Planck length, giving rise
to time and all classical, quantum mechanical, and relativistic
phenomena.
MDT IN BRIEF
Without further adieu, allow me to present the beauty and elegance of
MDT by showing both its simplicity and far-reaching ability to account
for and answer fundamental questions. All of the below will be
elaborated on throughout the book.
Questions Addressed by MDT:
Why does light have a maximum, constant speed independent of the
source? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. A photon is momenergy that exists orthogonal to
the three spatial dimensions. It is carried along by the expanding
fourth dimension. So no matter how fast the source is moving when the
photon is emitted, the photon travels at the rate with which the fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus c
is always independent of the movement of the source.
Why are light and energy quantized? The fourth dimension is expanding
in a quantized manner relative to the three spatial dimensions. Light
and energy are matter rotated completely into the fourth expanding
dimension, and as it expands in a quantized manner, light and energy
are thus quantized.
Why is the velocity of light constant in all frames? Time is an
emergent phenomena that arises because the fourth dimension is
expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. The flow of time
is inextricably wed to the emission and propagation of photons. In all
biological, mechanical, and electronic clocks, the emission and
propagation of photons is what determines time. The velocity of light
is always measured with respect to time, which is inextricably linked
to the velocity of light. This tautology ensures that the velocity of
light, measured relative to the velocity of light, will always be the
same.
How can photons display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental photon propagates as a spherical wave-front, surfing the
fourth expanding dimension. This is because the fourth expanding
dimension appears as a spherical wavefront as it expands through the
three spatial dimensions. The act of measurement localizes the
photon's momenergy, taking it out of the expanding fourth dimension
and trapping it in the three stationary spatial dimensions, and it
appears as a localized particle, trapped by electrons as it blackens a
grain on a photographic plate.
How can matter display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental electron is abuzz with photons. Photons are continually
being emitted into the fourth expanding dimension and reabsorbed by the
electron. The continual dance with these photons gives the electron
its wave properties. Nothing moves without photons which up the net
probability that the combine momenergy will be in the expanding fourth
dimension. The more photons one adds to an object, the greater the
chance it has of existing in the expanding fourth dimension, and thus
it moves.
Why are there non-local effects in quantum mechanics? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. That
means that what begins as a point in the fourth dimension is a sphere
with a 186,000 mile radius one second later. So it is that the entire
spherical wavefront of the photon exists in the exact same place in
time. Hence the non-locality observed in double slit experiments, the
EPR effect, and quantum entanglement. Take two interacting spin =BD
photons and let them propagate at the speed of c in opposite
directions. They are yet at the exact same place in time! And too,
they are yet in the exact same place of the fourth expanding dimension.
Why does time stop at the speed of light?
Time depends on the emission and propagation of photons. If no photons
are emitted, time does not occur. This holds true whether the clock is
an unwinding copper spring, a biological system such as a heart, or an
oscillating quartz crystal. No photom emission=3Dno time! As an object
approaches the speed of light, its ability to emit photons without
reabsorbing them diminishes. An object traveling at the speed of light
cannot emit a photon.
How come a photon does not age?
A photon represents momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth
expanding dimension. A photon stays the exact same place in the fourth
dimension, no matter how far it travels. A photon stays the exact same
place in time, no matter how far it travels. Again, time is not the
fourth dimension, but in inherits properties of the fourth dimension.
Why are inertial mass and gravitational mass the same thing?
Why do moving bodies exhibit length contraction?
Movement is always accompanied by a shortening in length. This is
because the only way for a body to move is for it to undergo a rotation
into the forth dimension, which is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. The more energy an electron has, the more photons
it possesses, and the higher probability it exists in the expanding
fourth dimension. Hence its length appears contracted as perceived
from the three spatial dimensions.
Why are mass and energy equivalent?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. That means that a baseball sitting on a lab table
stationary in our three-dimensional inertial reference frame, is yet
moving at a fantastic velocity relative to the fourth dimension. Hence
every seemingly stationary mass has a vast energy, as given by E=3Dmc2.
In a nuclear reaction matter is rotated into the expanding fourth
dimension, appearing as high-enegry photons (gamma rays) propagating at
the same velocity of the fourth expanding dimension-c.
Why does time's arrow point in the direction it points in? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Hence
every photon naturally expands in a spherically symmetric manner.
Hence every electron, or piece of matter that interacts with photons,
is naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence the particles in a drop of dye in a swimming
pool dissipate in a spherically symmetric manner, and are never
reunited. Hence time's arrow and entropy.
Why do photons appear as spherically-symmetric wavefronts traveling at
a velocity c? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions at the velocity c. Hence photons, which are tiny
packets of momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth dimension, appear
as spherically-symmetric wavefronts propagating at the velocity c.
Why is there a minus sign in the following metric?
x^2+y^2+z^2-c^2t^2=3Ds^2
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. Hence the only way to stay still in the
space-time continuum, and to achieve a 0 interval, is to move with the
velocity of light.
What deeper reality underlies Einstein's postulates of relativity?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. This single postulate assures that the
speed of light is constant for all observers and that the laws of
physics are the same in all inertial frames.
What deeper reality underlies Newton's laws?
Newton's laws are an approximation of relativity and quantum
mechanics, and as MDT underlies QM & relativity, it underlies
Newton's laws.
Why is an increase in velocity always accompanied by a decrease in
length as measured by an external observer? All increases in velocity
are accompanied by rotations into the fourth dimension. All
particles can be represented by momenergy 4-vectors. The greater the
momenrgy component in the expanding fourth dimension, the greater the
velocity and speed of the particle. Rest mass is the invariant here.
It never changes. It prefers the three spatial dimensions. In order
for it to move, one must gain energy in the form of photons. These
photons prefer the fourth expanding dimension. The more photons one
adds, the greater the component of the momenergy 4-vector that appears
in the fourth expanding dimension, the more energy the particle has,
the shorter it appears, and the faster it moves.
How MDT Is Aiding Fellow Physicists
"The conclusions from Bell's theorem are philosophically startling;
either one must totally abandon the realistic philosophy of most
working scientists or dramatically revise our concept of space-time."
-Abner Shimony and John Clauser
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this new concept of space-time. The
vast ambitions of most tenure-track physicists, including string
theorists and LQG hypers, causes them to focus on irrelevant, minute
questions, and thus, though funded by millions for over thirty years,
have not yet been able to string the bow. Deeper, true physicists,
such as Abner Shimony and John Clauser are alert to the fact that
physics need news ideas.
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"For me, then, this is the real problem with quantum theory: the
apparently essential conflict between any sharp formulation and
fundamental relativity. It may be that a real synthesis of quantum and
relativity theories requires not just technical developments but
radical conceptual renewal." -John Bell
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this radical conceptual renewal. The
expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"Entanglement is not one but rather the characteristic trait of quantum
mechanics." -Erwin Schrodinger
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet be at the
exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the new
concept of space-time.
"The discovery of the quantum of action shows us not only the natural
limitation of classical physics, but, by throwing a new light upon the
old philsophical problem of the objective existence of phenomena
indepedently of our observations, confronts us with a situation
hitherto unknown in natural science." -Niels Bohr
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"I think we need a new way to look at time, not either Quantum
Mechanics or Relativity." -Roger Penrose
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Should we be prepared to see some day a new structure for the
foundations of physics that does away with time? . . . Yes, because
'time' is in trouble." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Time is clothed in a different garment for each role it plays in our
thinking." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The word time came not from heaven but form the mouth of man." -John
Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"My ideas about time all developed from the realization that if nothing
were to change we could not say that times passes. Change is primary,
time, if it exists at all, is something we deduce from it. My Italian
collaborator Bruno Bertotti and I found that the deep structure of
Einstein's general theory of relativity does correspond to this truth.
It is telling us that time does not exist as an independent thing and
that change is indeed primary. However, this is in the framework of
so-called classical physics, the form of physics that developed before
quantum mechanics was discovered. When the idea that time has no
independent existence is combined with the basic facts of quantum
mechanics in the simplest possible way, the implications are startling.
.. .The quantum universe is static. Only timeless Nows exist. The
quantum rules give them different probabilities. We experience the most
probable Nows as individual instants of time. The appearance of motion
and a flow of time are both illusions created by very special structure
of the instants that we experience." -Julian Barbour,
http://www.platonia.com/ideas.html
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The mystery of time's arrow is the oldest problem in science
concerning the nature of time, predating even the theory of
relativity." -Paul Davies, About Time
MDT accounts for Time's Arrow: The fourth dimension is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Photons are momenergy
rotated entirely into this expanding fourth dimension. Hence any group
of photons originating from a central point will be found distant to
one-another. Hence every photon naturally expands in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence every electron, or piece of matter, is
naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence a drop of dye in a swimming pool dissipates in
a spherically symmetric manner, and is never reunited. Hence time's
arrow and entropy.
Moving Dimensions Theory & On The Advancement Of Physics
Physics has been furthered far more often by a rugged individual
acknowledging the simple and obvious in a pursuit of the truth than
book-keepers-in-training playing games in the abstruse in pursuit of
tenure. The advancement of physics has ever depended far more on
logic, reason, and Truth than government grants, tenure, group think,
peer-reviewed journals, and aging bureaucracies. "That is the way
things are because that is the way things are," has lead to far more
physics than the contemporary, "things can't be that way because the
math dictates that we live in thirty-three dimensions and four are
curled up, and that is what NSF is funding."
When nobody could measure nor detect the supposed ether, Einstein
proclaimed, "there is no ether." When experiments showed that light
existed only in quantized packets, Einstein proclaimed that light only
existed in quantized packets, and he won the Nobel Prize. When spectra
from atoms showed discreet energies, Niels Bohr proclaimed that
electrons orbits were quantized, and he received a Nobel Prize. When
Maxwell's Equations had a recurring constant, Maxwell used c to denote
it, and Einstein proclaimed that the speed of light must be constant
for all observers-and so Special Relativity was born. When Einstein
juxtaposed objects falling towards the earth getting closer together
with the fact that two people starting at the equator, walking on
originally parallel lines of longitude towards the North Pole, would
come together because they were walking on a curve surface, Einstein
proclaimed that the space-time around a massive object must also be
curved. This along with Einstein's realization that the force of
gravity would be rendered null in free-fall, lead to General
Relativity.
And so it is that in the above paragraph you have the roots of the
greatest achievements of physics in the past 100+ years, dwarfing
String Theory, Loop Quantum Gravity, and thousands of their variatons,
which deal in the abstruse, complicated, muddled, and mythological
worlds which are safe from physics simple rigor.
Moving Dimensions Theory returns us to simpler times. It starts with
the simple and keeps it simple. Light travels with a maximum velocity
of c, because the fourth dimension is expanding at a rate relative to
the three spatial dimensions at the velocity of c. A photon expands
through space in a spherically symmetric manner. This is because the
fourth dimension expands through the three spatial dimensions in a
spherically symmetric manner. Energy and mass are equivalent, expressed
by E=3Dmc^2, because energy is nothing more than mass rotated into the
expanding fourth dimension. The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen effect (EPR)
effect, which calls instantaneous action at a distance "spooky," can be
accounted for by the expanding dimension-as a point expands, it is yet
a single locale in that dimension, and hence though separated by
distance in space, interacting particles may be in the same place in
the time dimension, and hence connected. The null vector of the photon,
which remains 0 no matter how far the photon travels in space-time, may
be accounted for by the fact that the fourth dimension is moving, and
thus the only way to stay still in the four dimensions is to move with
along with the expanding dimension. In Lorentzian Transformations,
there is no way for an object to be rotated into the time dimension
without it moving-this can be explained by the fact that the time
dimension is expanding. All wave-particle duality can be seen as the
result of the universe's existence upon a reality that has three
stationary spatial dimensions and one expanding time dimension-when
matter exists in the stationary dimensions, it is seen as mass, or a
particle. When matter exists in the time dimension it is seen as wave,
or a photon, or energy. Depending how we choose to observer matter
determines whether we observe its wave or particle properties. Photons
are quantized bundles of energy that propagate at the velocity of
c-this is because the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the
three spatial dimensions in a quantized manner, in units of Planck's
length at the rate of c. The Second Law of Thermodyamics, or the law of
Entropy, states that the universe tends towards disorder. This is
because the fourth dimension is expanding in a spherically symmetric
manner, constantly carrying all photons and interacting particles away
from one another-thus a drop of food coloring in a pool will be carried
outward and evenly distributed. In 1949 Godel published a paper showing
that within the theory of relativity, time as we understand it, does
not exist. Einstein recognized Godel's paper as "an important
contribution to the general theory of relativity," and since then
physicists have not been able to find any logical shortcomings in
Godel's work, and nobody has been able to account for the existence of
time. But the Theory of Moving Dimensions accounts for time as we know
it by showing that it is an emergent property of the underlying
dimension's intrinsic relative movement. Relativity becomes
increasingly exact at long-length scales but fails at short ones
because space-time itself is quantized, as the time dimension is
expanding in units of the Planck length.
The concept of general relativity's smooth geometry, at large scales,
disappears on short-distance scales-this has been a problem to string
theorists, but only because they were never bold enough to recognize
that's the way it is because that's the way it is. Realizing this might
have lead one of them to see that the fourth dimension is expanding at
a rate of c relative to the three spatial dimensions. So it is seen
that Moving Dimensions Theory offers a simple model upon which all
known phenomena of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics may rest. And
because the underlying architecture of the universe is
quantized-because the fourth dimension expands at the rate of c in
units of the Planck length relative to the three spatial dimensions,
quantum mechanics works for the small, while general relativity works
for the large. That is the way it is because that is the way it
is-this was the realization that lead to the postulate of MDT: the
fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.
Are New Ideas Important in Physics?
String theorists don't make predictions, they make excuses.
-Richard Feynman
An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually
winning over and converting its opponents: What does happen is that the
opponents gradually die out. -Max Planck
..=2E.I do feel strongly that this is nonsense! ...I think all this
superstring stuff is crazy and is in the wrong direction. ... I don't
like it that they're not calculating anything. ...why are the masses
of the various particles such as quarks what they are? All these
numbers ... have no explanations in these string theories - absolutely
none! ... -Richard Feynman in Davies and Brown, Superstrings,
Cambridge 1988, pp. 194-195.
String theory is the Enron of physics, and like Enron, it is but the
tip of the iceberg of the widespread group-think decline. Where Enron
and Worldcom and Global Crossing lied to plunder pensions and
investors, String Theory lies to plunder tax and tuition dollars. With
millions of NSF dollars at stake, and billions more in the way of tax
and tuition, fashion and group-think are now held superior to logic and
reason in physics. And as in all totalitarian systems which hold
themselves above logic, reason, truth, justice, and practicality, the
worst are promoted, while the best are exiled. The group-think
sycophants get the postdocs, while the indie physicists must forage on
their own.
Are new ideas important in physics as prominent physicists so often
proclaim? If so, then why are young scientists with new ideas based in
logic, reason, and reality, so often castigated, impugned, and
crucified while those who quietly, passively, and uncreatively accept
the nonsensical, none-physics, crackpot mythologies of String Theory
and M-Theory rewarded with vast salaries, health benefits, TV shows,
book deals, and tenure?
I would very much like to discuss my new theory here, but I am
forbidden from even mentioning its name, as the String Theorists and
other fashionistas do not approve of theories with postulates based in
logic and reason. And so their multi-billion dollar myth is perpetuated
at the expense of logic, reason, and physics.
But time is on our side. And what is time? I am not allowed to say, as
my theory is banned for the moment.
The current state of physics has several Prominent Physicsists and
Great Thinkers spinning in their graves:
The world we have made as a result of the level of thinking we have
done thus far creates problems we cannot solve at the same level of
thinking at which we created them. -Albert Einstein
Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by the age of
eighteen. -Albert Einstein
The mere formulation of a problem is far more often essential than its
solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental
skill. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old
problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real
advances in science. -Albert Einstein
Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre
minds. -Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein's three rules of work:
1=2E Out of clutter, find simplicity.
2=2E From discord, find harmony.
3=2E In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity
Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.
-Albert Einstein
The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious-it is
the source of all true art and science. -Albert Einstein
Science and art belong to the whole world, and before them vanish the
barriers of nationality. -Goethe
It is the tension between creativity and skepticism that has produced
the stunning and unexpected findings of science. -Carl Sagan
Inventions have long since reached their limit, and I see no hope for
further development. -Julius Sextus Frontinus, Highly regarded
engineer in Rome, 1st century A.D.
And if everybody says that you are wrong, then you are one step ahead.
But there is one situation which is better still, when everyone begins
to laugh about you, then you know you are two steps ahead. Albert
Szent-Gyorgi (Nobel-prize winning biochemist who discovered vitamin C)
One cannot step twice into the same river. -Heraclitus
While the rational mind is important, we gain a new perspective when we
learn how many of the greatest scientific insights, discoveries, and
revolutionary inventions appeared first to their creators as fantasies,
dreams, trances, lightening-flash insights, and other non-ordinary
states of consciousness. -Willis Harman and Howard Rheingold
"Let us learn to dream, gentlemen." -Kekule, famous for his
dream-inspired scientific breakthrough-discovering the molecular
structure of benzene, advised his fellow scientists:
Whenever you look at a piece of work and you think the fellow was
crazy, then you want to pay some attention to that. One of you is
likely to be, and you had better find out which one it is. It makes an
awful lot of difference. -Charles Franklin Kettering (1876-1958)
U=2ES. engineer and inventor.
An essential aspect of creativity is not being afraid to fail. -Dr.
Edwin Land
All sciences are now under the obligation to prepare the ground for
then future task of the philosopher, which is to solve the problem of
value, to determine the true hierarchy of values. -Friedrich
Nietzsche
I wish to be at any time hereafter only a yea-sayer!
-Friedrich Nietzsche
We must be physicists in order to be creative since so far codes of
values and ideals have been constructed in ignorance of physics or even
in contradiction to physics. -Friedrich Nietzsche
A thinker sees his own actions as experiments and questons.. as
attempts to find out something. Success and failure are for him answers
above all. -Friedrich Nietzsche
There are no facts, only interpretations. -Friedrich Nietzsche
If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
-Isaac Newton
Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, felt that the pioneer
scientist must have a vivid intuitive imagination, for new ideas are
not generated by deduction, but by "artistically creative
imagination."
In "Shorter Bartlett's Familiar Quotations," by John Bartlett, 1937,
1980, 1992.
It is by intuition that we discover and by logic we prove. -Henri
Poincar=E9, Mathematician
Knowledge has three degrees-opinion, science, and illumination. The
means or instrument of the first is sense; of the second, dialectic; of
the third, intuition. This last is absolute knowledge founded on the
identity of the mind knowing with the object known. -Plotinus
If at first the idea is not absurd, then there is no hope for it.
-Albert Einstein
If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.
-Isaac Newton
Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, felt that the pioneer
scientist must have "a vivid intuitive imagination, for new ideas are
not generated by deduction, but by artistically creative imagination."
An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually
winning over and converting its opponents: What does happen is that the
opponents gradually die out. -Max Planck
jollyrogership@yahoo.com wrote:
A great research project for grad students and postdocs would be to
show how both the space-time metric and the Schr=F6dinger equation arise
from the first postulate of MDT:
The Fourth Dimension is expanding relative to the Three Spatial
Dimensions.
While String Theory is absorbing the tens of millions of NSF funds and
the accompanying billions of local tax and tuition dollars:
http://nsf.gov/awardsearch/progSearch.do;jsessionid=3DB6AE5664DB11367AE7F=
888E3F6E455E4?SearchType=3DprogSearch&page=3D2&QueryText=3Dstring&ProgOrgan=
ization=3D&ProgOfficer=3D&ProgEleCode=3D&BooleanElement=3Dfalse&ProgRefCode=
=3D&BooleanRef=3Dfalse&ProgProgram=3D&ProgFoaCode=3D&RestrictActive=3Don&Se=
arch=3DSearch#results
The best way to raise funds for alternative theories is t-shirts:
http://www.cafepress.com/autumnrangers.72464949
THE GENERAL POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions.
THE SPECIFIC POSTULATE
OF DYNAMIC DIMENSIONS THEORY
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the rate of c in units of the Planck length, giving rise
to time and all classical, quantum mechanical, and relativistic
phenomena.
MDT IN BRIEF
Without further adieu, allow me to present the beauty and elegance of
MDT by showing both its simplicity and far-reaching ability to account
for and answer fundamental questions. All of the below will be
elaborated on throughout the book.
Questions Addressed by MDT:
Why does light have a maximum, constant speed independent of the
source? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. A photon is momenergy that exists orthogonal to
the three spatial dimensions. It is carried along by the expanding
fourth dimension. So no matter how fast the source is moving when the
photon is emitted, the photon travels at the rate with which the fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus c
is always independent of the movement of the source.
Why are light and energy quantized? The fourth dimension is expanding
in a quantized manner relative to the three spatial dimensions. Light
and energy are matter rotated completely into the fourth expanding
dimension, and as it expands in a quantized manner, light and energy
are thus quantized.
Why is the velocity of light constant in all frames? Time is an
emergent phenomena that arises because the fourth dimension is
expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. The flow of time
is inextricably wed to the emission and propagation of photons. In all
biological, mechanical, and electronic clocks, the emission and
propagation of photons is what determines time. The velocity of light
is always measured with respect to time, which is inextricably linked
to the velocity of light. This tautology ensures that the velocity of
light, measured relative to the velocity of light, will always be the
same.
How can photons display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental photon propagates as a spherical wave-front, surfing the
fourth expanding dimension. This is because the fourth expanding
dimension appears as a spherical wavefront as it expands through the
three spatial dimensions. The act of measurement localizes the
photon's momenergy, taking it out of the expanding fourth dimension
and trapping it in the three stationary spatial dimensions, and it
appears as a localized particle, trapped by electrons as it blackens a
grain on a photographic plate.
How can matter display both wave and particle properties? The
fundamental electron is abuzz with photons. Photons are continually
being emitted into the fourth expanding dimension and reabsorbed by the
electron. The continual dance with these photons gives the electron
its wave properties. Nothing moves without photons which up the net
probability that the combine momenergy will be in the expanding fourth
dimension. The more photons one adds to an object, the greater the
chance it has of existing in the expanding fourth dimension, and thus
it moves.
Why are there non-local effects in quantum mechanics? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. That
means that what begins as a point in the fourth dimension is a sphere
with a 186,000 mile radius one second later. So it is that the entire
spherical wavefront of the photon exists in the exact same place in
time. Hence the non-locality observed in double slit experiments, the
EPR effect, and quantum entanglement. Take two interacting spin =BD
photons and let them propagate at the speed of c in opposite
directions. They are yet at the exact same place in time! And too,
they are yet in the exact same place of the fourth expanding dimension.
Why does time stop at the speed of light?
Time depends on the emission and propagation of photons. If no photons
are emitted, time does not occur. This holds true whether the clock is
an unwinding copper spring, a biological system such as a heart, or an
oscillating quartz crystal. No photom emission=3Dno time! As an object
approaches the speed of light, its ability to emit photons without
reabsorbing them diminishes. An object traveling at the speed of light
cannot emit a photon.
How come a photon does not age?
A photon represents momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth
expanding dimension. A photon stays the exact same place in the fourth
dimension, no matter how far it travels. A photon stays the exact same
place in time, no matter how far it travels. Again, time is not the
fourth dimension, but in inherits properties of the fourth dimension.
Why are inertial mass and gravitational mass the same thing?
Why do moving bodies exhibit length contraction?
Movement is always accompanied by a shortening in length. This is
because the only way for a body to move is for it to undergo a rotation
into the forth dimension, which is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions. The more energy an electron has, the more photons
it possesses, and the higher probability it exists in the expanding
fourth dimension. Hence its length appears contracted as perceived
from the three spatial dimensions.
Why are mass and energy equivalent?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions. That means that a baseball sitting on a lab table
stationary in our three-dimensional inertial reference frame, is yet
moving at a fantastic velocity relative to the fourth dimension. Hence
every seemingly stationary mass has a vast energy, as given by E=3Dmc2.
In a nuclear reaction matter is rotated into the expanding fourth
dimension, appearing as high-enegry photons (gamma rays) propagating at
the same velocity of the fourth expanding dimension-c.
Why does time's arrow point in the direction it points in? The fourth
dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions. Hence
every photon naturally expands in a spherically symmetric manner.
Hence every electron, or piece of matter that interacts with photons,
is naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence the particles in a drop of dye in a swimming
pool dissipate in a spherically symmetric manner, and are never
reunited. Hence time's arrow and entropy.
Why do photons appear as spherically-symmetric wavefronts traveling at
a velocity c? The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three
spatial dimensions at the velocity c. Hence photons, which are tiny
packets of momenergy rotated entirely into the fourth dimension, appear
as spherically-symmetric wavefronts propagating at the velocity c.
Why is there a minus sign in the following metric?
x^2+y^2+z^2-c^2t^2=3Ds^2
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. Hence the only way to stay still in the
space-time continuum, and to achieve a 0 interval, is to move with the
velocity of light.
What deeper reality underlies Einstein's postulates of relativity?
The fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial
dimensions at the velocity c. This single postulate assures that the
speed of light is constant for all observers and that the laws of
physics are the same in all inertial frames.
What deeper reality underlies Newton's laws?
Newton's laws are an approximation of relativity and quantum
mechanics, and as MDT underlies QM & relativity, it underlies
Newton's laws.
Why is an increase in velocity always accompanied by a decrease in
length as measured by an external observer? All increases in velocity
are accompanied by rotations into the fourth dimension. All
particles can be represented by momenergy 4-vectors. The greater the
momenrgy component in the expanding fourth dimension, the greater the
velocity and speed of the particle. Rest mass is the invariant here.
It never changes. It prefers the three spatial dimensions. In order
for it to move, one must gain energy in the form of photons. These
photons prefer the fourth expanding dimension. The more photons one
adds, the greater the component of the momenergy 4-vector that appears
in the fourth expanding dimension, the more energy the particle has,
the shorter it appears, and the faster it moves.
How MDT Is Aiding Fellow Physicists
"The conclusions from Bell's theorem are philosophically startling;
either one must totally abandon the realistic philosophy of most
working scientists or dramatically revise our concept of space-time."
-Abner Shimony and John Clauser
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this new concept of space-time. The
vast ambitions of most tenure-track physicists, including string
theorists and LQG hypers, causes them to focus on irrelevant, minute
questions, and thus, though funded by millions for over thirty years,
have not yet been able to string the bow. Deeper, true physicists,
such as Abner Shimony and John Clauser are alert to the fact that
physics need news ideas.
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"For me, then, this is the real problem with quantum theory: the
apparently essential conflict between any sharp formulation and
fundamental relativity. It may be that a real synthesis of quantum and
relativity theories requires not just technical developments but
radical conceptual renewal." -John Bell
Moving Dimensions Theory provides this radical conceptual renewal. The
expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"Entanglement is not one but rather the characteristic trait of quantum
mechanics." -Erwin Schrodinger
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet be at the
exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the new
concept of space-time.
"The discovery of the quantum of action shows us not only the natural
limitation of classical physics, but, by throwing a new light upon the
old philsophical problem of the objective existence of phenomena
indepedently of our observations, confronts us with a situation
hitherto unknown in natural science." -Niels Bohr
The expanding fourth dimension gives rise to non-local phenomena and
quantum entanglement, as the expanding fourth dimension means that two
events separated in the three spatial dimensions can yet appear to be
at the exact same place in the fourth dimension. MDT thus provides the
new concept of space-time.
"I think we need a new way to look at time, not either Quantum
Mechanics or Relativity." -Roger Penrose
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Should we be prepared to see some day a new structure for the
foundations of physics that does away with time? . . . Yes, because
'time' is in trouble." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"Time is clothed in a different garment for each role it plays in our
thinking." -John Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The word time came not from heaven but form the mouth of man." -John
Wheeler
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"My ideas about time all developed from the realization that if nothing
were to change we could not say that times passes. Change is primary,
time, if it exists at all, is something we deduce from it. My Italian
collaborator Bruno Bertotti and I found that the deep structure of
Einstein's general theory of relativity does correspond to this truth.
It is telling us that time does not exist as an independent thing and
that change is indeed primary. However, this is in the framework of
so-called classical physics, the form of physics that developed before
quantum mechanics was discovered. When the idea that time has no
independent existence is combined with the basic facts of quantum
mechanics in the simplest possible way, the implications are startling.
. .The quantum universe is static. Only timeless Nows exist. The
quantum rules give them different probabilities. We experience the most
probable Nows as individual instants of time. The appearance of motion
and a flow of time are both illusions created by very special structure
of the instants that we experience." -Julian Barbour,
http://www.platonia.com/ideas.html
Time is an emergent property of a fourth dimension that is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Thus it inherits properties
of the fourth expanding dimension, but time is not the fourth expanding
dimension. MDT underlies time and explains time on a more fundamental
level.
"The mystery of time's arrow is the oldest problem in science
concerning the nature of time, predating even the theory of
relativity." -Paul Davies, About Time
MDT accounts for Time's Arrow: The fourth dimension is expanding
relative to the three spatial dimensions. Photons are momenergy
rotated entirely into this expanding fourth dimension. Hence any group
of photons originating from a central point will be found distant to
one-another. Hence every photon naturally expands in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence every electron, or piece of matter, is
naturally carried outward from a central point in a spherically
symmetric manner. Hence a drop of dye in a swimming pool dissipates in
a spherically symmetric manner, and is never reunited. Hence time's
arrow and entropy.
Moving Dimensions Theory & On The Advancement Of Physics
Physics has been furthered far more often by a rugged individual
acknowledging the simple and obvious in a pursuit of the truth than
book-keepers-in-training playing games in the abstruse in pursuit of
tenure. The advancement of physics has ever depended far more on
logic, reason, and Truth than government grants, tenure, group think,
peer-reviewed journals, and aging bureaucracies. "That is the way
things are because that is the way things are," has lead to far more
physics than the contemporary, "things can't be that way because the
math dictates that we live in thirty-three dimensions and four are
curled up, and that is what NSF is funding."
When nobody could measure nor detect the supposed ether, Einstein
proclaimed, "there is no ether." When experiments showed that light
existed only in quantized packets, Einstein proclaimed that light only
existed in quantized packets, and he won the Nobel Prize. When spectra
from atoms showed discreet energies, Niels Bohr proclaimed that
electrons orbits were quantized, and he received a Nobel Prize. When
Maxwell's Equations had a recurring constant, Maxwell used c to denote
it, and Einstein proclaimed that the speed of light must be constant
for all observers-and so Special Relativity was born. When Einstein
juxtaposed objects falling towards the earth getting closer together
with the fact that two people starting at the equator, walking on
originally parallel lines of longitude towards the North Pole, would
come together because they were walking on a curve surface, Einstein
proclaimed that the space-time around a massive object must also be
curved. This along with Einstein's realization that the force of
gravity would be rendered null in free-fall, lead to General
Relativity.
And so it is that in the above paragraph you have the roots of the
greatest achievements of physics in the past 100+ years, dwarfing
String Theory, Loop Quantum Gravity, and thousands of their variatons,
which deal in the abstruse, complicated, muddled, and mythological
worlds which are safe from physics simple rigor.
Moving Dimensions Theory returns us to simpler times. It starts with
the simple and keeps it simple. Light travels with a maximum velocity
of c, because the fourth dimension is expanding at a rate relative to
the three spatial dimensions at the velocity of c. A photon expands
through space in a spherically symmetric manner. This is because the
fourth dimension expands through the three spatial dimensions in a
spherically symmetric manner. Energy and mass are equivalent, expressed
by E=3Dmc^2, because energy is nothing more than mass rotated into the
expanding fourth dimension. The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen effect (EPR)
effect, which calls instantaneous action at a distance "spooky," can be
accounted for by the expanding dimension-as a point expands, it is yet
a single locale in that dimension, and hence though separated by
distance in space, interacting particles may be in the same place in
the time dimension, and hence connected. The null vector of the photon,
which remains 0 no matter how far the photon travels in space-time, may
be accounted for by the fact that the fourth dimension is moving, and
thus the only way to stay still in the four dimensions is to move with
along with the expanding dimension. In Lorentzian Transformations,
there is no way for an object to be rotated into the time dimension
without it moving-this can be explained by the fact that the time
dimension is expanding. All wave-particle duality can be seen as the
result of the universe's existence upon a reality that has three
stationary spatial dimensions and one expanding time dimension-when
matter exists in the stationary dimensions, it is seen as mass, or a
particle. When matter exists in the time dimension it is seen as wave,
or a photon, or energy. Depending how we choose to observer matter
determines whether we observe its wave or particle properties. Photons
are quantized bundles of energy that propagate at the velocity of
c-this is because the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the
three spatial dimensions in a quantized manner, in units of Planck's
length at the rate of c. The Second Law of Thermodyamics, or the law of
Entropy, states that the universe tends towards disorder. This is
because the fourth dimension is expanding in a spherically symmetric
manner, constantly carrying all photons and interacting particles away
from one another-thus a drop of food coloring in a | |
