From Osher Doctorow
Another advantage of 4 force dimensions (one for each fundamental
force electromagnetic, strong nuclear, weak nuclear, and gravitation)
is that force (as push-pull) is as Causal as time but is not identical
with time. (Probable) Causation is best regarded as described by both
force and time dimensions, and since mass is now described in terms of
FLT units, Causation no longer has to be restricted to mass if we
attribute dimensions to it other than time.
As for the Mainstream argument that probability (as in Probable
Causation) is dimensionless as the "limit of relative frequencies",
that was already demolished by David H. Krantz (U. Michigan), R.
Duncan Luce (Princeton Institute For Advanced Study), Patrick Suppes
(Stanford), and Amos Tversky (Hebrew U. Jerusalem) in Foundations of
Measurement Volume I Additive and Polynomial Representations, Academic
Press: N.Y. and London 1971 (which also has later printings and
editions), who pointed out that both angle and probability can
fruitfully be assigned dimensions of their own.
Not to go too far afield in discussing Probability theory, I will
simply refer readers back to my various past threads and sections on
dimensions of Probability or refer them to non-frequentist Probability
theories including Bayesian and Cosmological (including the only 0-1
version) Probability theories. Bayesians, remarkably enough, are
Mainstream Mathematical Statisticians who use conditional probability
without restrictions on its denominator except in scenarios like
regression analysis or limitation to nonzero values.
Osher Doctorow
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