| Topic: |
Science > Physics |
| User: |
"Pentcho Valev" |
| Date: |
18 Jan 2008 01:03:25 AM |
| Object: |
Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
On Jan 18, 6:37=A0am, Tom Roberts <tjroberts...@sbcglobal.net> wrote in
sci.physics.relativity:
Albertito wrote:
Then, why did Einstein propose a local speed of light as
c'=3D c(1 + V/c2)?
Because he was struggling to find General Relativity, but had not yet
figured out all the details. His intermediate formula is approximate,
but not correct. When he proposed it he did not fully understand the
difference between local and non-local phenomena.
Tom Roberts
Roberts Roberts, Einstein's 1911 equation c'=3Dc(1+V/c^2) is consistent
with the gravitational redshift factor 1+V/c^2 confirmed
experimentally by Pound and Rebka. In other words Roberts Roberts, the
equation c'=3Dc(1+V/c^2) is CORRECT, NOT APPROXIMATE: any different
equation (that may seem correct to you) would be inconsistent with the
redshift factor. For that reason Roberts Roberts superior brothers in
Einstein criminal cult have always been teaching that the speed of
light varies with the gravitational potential, in accordance with
Einstein's 1911 equation c'=3Dc(1+V/c^2):
http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/ae13.cfm
"So, it is absolutely true that the speed of light is _not_ constant
in a gravitational field [which, by the equivalence principle, applies
as well to accelerating (non-inertial) frames of reference]. If this
were not so, there would be no bending of light by the gravitational
field of stars....Indeed, this is exactly how Einstein did the
calculation in: 'On the Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of
Light,' Annalen der Physik, 35, 1911. which predated the full formal
development of general relativity by about four years. This paper is
widely available in English. You can find a copy beginning on page 99
of the Dover book 'The Principle of Relativity.' You will find in
section 3 of that paper, Einstein's derivation of the (variable) speed
of light in a gravitational potential, eqn (3). The result is,
c' =3D c0 ( 1 + V / c^2 )
where V is the gravitational potential relative to the point where the
speed of light c0 is measured."
http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp "The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....Faced with this evidence, Einstein stated:"In the second
place our result shows that, according to the general theory of
relativity, the law of the constancy of the velocity of light in
vacuo, which constitutes one of the two fundamental assumptions in the
special theory of relativity and to which we have already frequently
referred, cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of
light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light
varies with position."......Today we find that since the Special
Theory of Relativity unfortunately became part of the so called
mainstream science, it is considered a sacrilege to even suggest that
the speed of light be anything other than a constant. This is somewhat
surprising since even Einstein himself suggested in a paper "On the
Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light," Annalen der
Physik, 35, 1911, that the speed of light might vary with the
gravitational potential. Indeed, the variation of the speed of light
in a vacuum or space is explicitly shown in Einstein's calculation for
the angle at which light should bend upon the influence of gravity.
One can find his calculation in his paper. The result is c'=3Dc(1+V/c^2)
where V is the gravitational potential relative to the point where the
measurement is taken. 1+V/c^2 is also known as the GRAVITATIONAL
REDSHIFT FACTOR."
Pentcho Valev
pvalev@yahoo.com
.
|
|
| User: "Eric Gisse" |
|
| Title: Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
19 Jan 2008 02:51:54 AM |
|
|
On Jan 18, 11:00 pm, Koobee Wublee <koobee.wub...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 18, 7:37 pm, Eric Gisse <jowr...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 18, 1:35 pm, Koobee Wublee wrote:
On Jan 18, 1:03 pm, Dieter Heidorn wrote:
In his 1911 work "=DCber den Einfluss der Schwerkraft auf die Ausbre=
itung
des Lichtes", Annalen der Physik 35 (1911); translated: "On the
Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light" Einstein uses =
the
equivalence principle to derive the relation for gravitational red-s=
hift
nu_1 =3D nu_2 (1 + V/c^2)
From this he concluded that the speed of light must vary according =
to
c =3D c_0 (1 + V/c^2)
Using this equation Einstein derives a relation for the deflection a=
ngle
for light passing the sun (1911):
alpha =3D 2 GM / (c^2 R)
This is wrong by a factor 2. Experimentally is found
alpha =3D 2 GM / (c^2 R)
You mean the very liberal interpretation of the data from the solar
eclipse of 1919. It was already decided to be the following even
before Eddington set out his quest.
alha =3D 4 G M / c^2 / R
In other words Roberts Roberts, the
equation c'=3Dc(1+V/c^2) is CORRECT, NOT APPROXIMATE:
This equation is not correct, because it leads to a wrong prediction=
for
the deflection of light. The reason for the error was: In 1911 Eins=
tein
used "curved time" and "flat space", not curved space-time.
The equation is correct for gravitational redshift. <shrug>
any different
equation (that may seem correct to you) would be inconsistent with=
the
redshift factor.
The gravitational red-shift is not caused by a variable speed of lig=
ht.
In his 1916 work "Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativit=E4tstheori=
e",
Annalen der Physik 49 (1916) Einstein shows:
* Space-time is described with the metric
ds^2 =3D g_mu,nu dx^mu dx^nu
* The gravitiational red-shift depends on the metric:
nu_B / nu_A =3D sqrt(g_00(r_A)/g_00(r_B))
* In weak fields the following approximation holds:
nu_B / nu_A =3D 1 + Delta V/c^2
* Speed of light:
- In a local inertial frame of reference the speed of light
is constant c
- In general, global coordinates the speed of light varies
(in weak fields) according to
c_A =3D c ( 1 + 2 V/c^2)
This equation will lead to a wrong value of the gravitational
redshift. This is another example where GR is contradictory of itself=
because it does not agree with the metric derivation as you have shown=
above.
Another assertion without proof.
Anyone can do a little bit more research into Eddington's expedition
to find out the truth. <shrug>
Eddington's expedition is of historical interest only. He could have
made it all up and it still doesn't affect the more recent - more
accurate - measurements.
Do you really expect people to take
you at your word that what you say is true?
I still do expect Einstein Dingleberries to deny facts and logic.
They continue to twist logic around and distort history so they can
proudly be Einstein Dingleberries. The question is that "does it get
old after a while?" After all, the study of physics demands the truth
and 100% logical reasoning that Einstein Dingleberries lack. <shrug>
=2E..and when all is said and done, you are the one stuck posting on
USENET under a pseudonym because you are completely impotent in
effecting the change you believe is required.
.
|
|
|
| User: "Koobee Wublee" |
|
| Title: Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
20 Jan 2008 01:03:48 AM |
|
|
On Jan 19, 12:51 am, Eric Gisse <jowr...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 18, 11:00 pm, Koobee Wublee wrote:
Anyone can do a little bit more research into Eddington's expedition
to find out the truth. <shrug>
Eddington's expedition is of historical interest only. He could have
made it all up and it still doesn't affect the more recent - more
accurate - measurements.
Well, there is no other credible experiment on the bending of light
done since Eddington's dishonest deed. <shrug>
Try not to confuse bending light with Shapiro effect.
I still do expect Einstein Dingleberries to deny facts and logic.
They continue to twist logic around and distort history so they can
proudly be Einstein Dingleberries. The question is that "does it get
old after a while?" After all, the study of physics demands the truth
and 100% logical reasoning that Einstein Dingleberries lack. <shrug>
...and when all is said and done, you are the one stuck posting on
USENET under a pseudonym because you are completely impotent in
effecting the change you believe is required.
After so many years being a super senior, I would expect that getting
your BS degree is a priority rather than worrying about anyone else's
everyday lifestyle. <shrug>
.
|
|
|
| User: "Eric Gisse" |
|
| Title: Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
20 Jan 2008 07:07:27 AM |
|
|
On Jan 19, 10:03 pm, Koobee Wublee <koobee.wub...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 19, 12:51 am, Eric Gisse <jowr...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 18, 11:00 pm, Koobee Wublee wrote:
Anyone can do a little bit more research into Eddington's expedition
to find out the truth. <shrug>
Eddington's expedition is of historical interest only. He could have
made it all up and it still doesn't affect the more recent - more
accurate - measurements.
Well, there is no other credible experiment on the bending of light
done since Eddington's dishonest deed. <shrug>
http://relativity.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrr-1998-12/
Now go away.
Try not to confuse bending light with Shapiro effect.
I still do expect Einstein Dingleberries to deny facts and logic.
They continue to twist logic around and distort history so they can
proudly be Einstein Dingleberries. The question is that "does it get
old after a while?" After all, the study of physics demands the truth
and 100% logical reasoning that Einstein Dingleberries lack. <shrug>
...and when all is said and done, you are the one stuck posting on
USENET under a pseudonym because you are completely impotent in
effecting the change you believe is required.
After so many years being a super senior, I would expect that getting
your BS degree is a priority rather than worrying about anyone else's
everyday lifestyle. <shrug>
.
|
|
|
| User: "Koobee Wublee" |
|
| Title: Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
20 Jan 2008 11:32:07 PM |
|
|
On Jan 20, 5:07 am, Eric Gisse <jowr...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 19, 10:03 pm, Koobee Wublee wrote:
Well, there is no other credible experiment on the bending of light
done since Eddington's dishonest deed. <shrug>
http://relativity.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrr-1998-12/
Now go away.
Apparently, you do not understand anything, and that is why you are
still a multi-year super-senior today. Your mom and dad must be very
disappointed of you.
The article does not give any other credible experiment after
Eddington's 1919 expedition. You smell Einstein Dingleberry even
before encountering one when you read about the gravitational lens
must prove the validity of GR. Lord Cavendish and a generation later
Soldner had already predicted the gravitational lens based on the
Newtonian law of gravity.
After so many years being a super senior, I would expect that getting
your BS degree is a priority rather than worrying about anyone else's
everyday lifestyle. <shrug>
Now, get lost.
.
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|
|
| User: "Eric Gisse" |
|
| Title: Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
21 Jan 2008 04:59:41 AM |
|
|
On Jan 20, 8:32 pm, Koobee Wublee <koobee.wub...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 20, 5:07 am, Eric Gisse <jowr...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 19, 10:03 pm, Koobee Wublee wrote:
Well, there is no other credible experiment on the bending of light
done since Eddington's dishonest deed. <shrug>
http://relativity.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrr-1998-12/
Now go away.
Apparently, you do not understand anything, and that is why you are
still a multi-year super-senior today. Your mom and dad must be very
disappointed of you.
The article does not give any other credible experiment after
Eddington's 1919 expedition. You smell Einstein Dingleberry even
before encountering one when you read about the gravitational lens
must prove the validity of GR. Lord Cavendish and a generation later
Soldner had already predicted the gravitational lens based on the
Newtonian law of gravity.
You are not qualified to determine if an observation is credible.
After so many years being a super senior, I would expect that getting
your BS degree is a priority rather than worrying about anyone else's
everyday lifestyle. <shrug>
Now, get lost.
.
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|
| User: "Dono" |
|
| Title: Re: Fermat's principle and curved spacetime |
24 Jan 2008 08:19:38 AM |
|
|
On Jan 20, 9:32 pm, Koobee Wublee <koobee.wub...@gmail.com> wrote:
The article does not give any other credible experiment after
Eddington's 1919 expedition.
How can be so a denying *****? Wait, don't answer that, look at
this:
1
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American Institute of Physics, ``A. Einstein, Images and Impact.
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=2E
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Aubourg, E., Bareyre, P., Br=E9hin, S., Gros, M., and Lachl=E8ze-Rey,
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Blandford, R., and Kundic, T., ``Gravitational lensing and the
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Bonnet, H., and Mellier, Y., ``Statistical analysis of weak
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