$$ Tom [ He between his error-bars ] Roberts wrote Peter Christensen:
If we have two clocks, very precise as for example atomic clocks,
it must be possible to test some results from relativity. (Just
clocks should be easier than twins in practice :->)
$$
$$ All timing in a Newtonian field VARiES with RADiUS, rA = v1^2/g.
$$ [ Where v1 is an ORBiTAL VELOCiTY which is NOT REQUiRED ].
$$ [ because v1 applies ONLY if m1 is in ORBiT ..get THAT? ].
$$
$$ Theoretically the SAME GPS applies ..for an *HOVERiNG* clock.
Yes, for [GR] practical twin scenarios the differences are measured
in nanoseconds, and the effects on humans are not observable.
One clock stays at rest on the ground, while the other clock
(clock nr. 2) is put on a trip on an aeroplane,
$$
$$ "An aeroplane" can be substituted with "a zeppellin", duh.
Haefle and Keating did just that. As did Alley et al.
References are in the FAQ.
$$
$$ "An aeroplane" was USED, DOEs NOT mean one "was REQUiRED".
The [Newtonian] predictions of GR were confirmed.
$$
$$ [And, NO "aeroplane" WAS, in FACT and/or DEED, "REQUiRED".]
-=-SNiP-=-
Note that GR [Newtonian] effects are absolutely critical to the
operation of the GPS.
$$
$$ [That is SiMPLY false. There are OTHER GPS Systems
$$ which DO NOT USE any GR Newtonian REFERENCE, what-so-ever.]
The first few satellites had the option of using the standard Cs
clock divider, or the one [Newtonian] determined using GR (which
differs ~38 microseconds/day from standard). After initial tests
the GR [Newtonian] version has been used, as the observations
absolutely required it. The GPS satellites are in much higher
orbits than the shuttle or space station.
But is it only because of the difference in Earths gravitational
field, seen by the two clocks, or does it also have to do with
the velocity of the moving clock? I'm not sure about it, if one
should be able to see both a 'gravity effect' and a 'velocity
effect'.
$$ [Because of a "GRAViTY effect" or 'RADiUS effect'; NOT v effect].
For an airplane both effects are important. Ditto for shuttle or
GPS satellites.
The other problem is the effects from acceleration and the deceleration of
clock number 2. Is it possible to calculate, what effect (if anything
important) this should have? I know, that it isn't possible with Special
Relativity only...
SR can compute the "velocity effect", but one needs GR for the "gravity
effect". GR, of course, really computes both. They do include an
integral over the actual path of the airplane, including changes in
altitude, speed, and direction.
$$ However, ONLY the Newtonian "changes in ALTiTUDE" matter, dooOP.
$$ [And, STOP the *Newtonian*-wanna-be-LiKE _"needs GR"_ references.]
$$ There are NO *authentic* GR WORLD-point WORLD-line "predictions".
$$ STOP (give up) your NONsense. You're getting WORSE than poor jOE.
$$
$$ Sincerely, ```Brian A M Stuckless, Ph.T (Tivity).
Tom [ He between his error-bars ] Roberts tjroberts@lucent.com.
.
