| Topic: |
Science > Physics |
| User: |
"Habshi" |
| Date: |
03 Apr 2004 01:06:52 PM |
| Object: |
Scramjet success |
All inspired by the Indian aircraft , that Ravan used when he
abducted Sita .Could carry two people and was powered by birds and in
use 7000 years ago .
The six lane underground rail line to carry cargo is much more
practical
Indians are good at maths and making money , and that may
count for the success in sciences .
Indian success saga at NASA
Srinivasa Prasad
Bangalore, April 3
When NASA flew XL-43A, propelled by a scramjet (supersonic combustion
ramjet), at Mach-7 (at a speed seven times the speed of sound or 8,260
km per hour), it made aviation history. The significance of this can
be understood from the fact that if a B-2 stealth bomber took about 24
hours to fly from its base, bomb Baghdad and return in the recent Iraq
war, a scramjet-driven vehicle could have done it in a couple of
hours. And if the technology finds a civilian use — many scientists
hope it might— you can fly from.
Delhi to Bangalore in a few minutes instead of two-and-a- half hours.
A little-known fact about this project, however, is that an Indian —
Ajay Kumar of Meerut— led the research team that made it all possible.
Kumar is the Director of Aerodynamics, Aerothermodynamics, and
Acoustics Competency at NASA-Langley Research Center in Hampton, US.
In an exclusive e-mail interview, Kumar talks about his background and
his interest in hypersonic flights and discloses that the next
hypersonic test flight in the coming months will be at a mindboggling
Mach 10 (ten times the speed of sound or 11,800 km per hour).
Excerpts:
What is your family and academic background?
My father had a small business in Meerut. I and my four elder brothers
graduated from University of Roorkee as engineers. After taking the
mechanical engineering degree in 1968, I went to the Indian Institute
of Science (Bangalore) for my Masters in Aeronautical Engineering
(1970) and then to the IIT Kanpur for a Ph.D. in Hypersonic
Aerodynamics (1974). I taught for a couple of years at the IITs in
Kanpur and Kharagpur.
When did you go to the US?
I came to the US in 1975 as a National Research Council Associate at
the NASA Langley Research Center.
How and when did you get interested in this subject?
Hypersonic Aerodynamics has been one of my interests right from my
Ph.D. days but my earlier work was in planetary entry
aerothermodynamics. I got interested in scramjet propulsion research
in 1980. I worked on scramjet propulsion for about 15 years from 1980,
developing advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools for
analyzing complex flow in scramjets and applying them in the
development of such concepts. Since 1995, I have been heading research
in this area. My entire research career has been associated with
hypersonic research.
Why is this scramjet so important?
Scramjets carry fuel on board (hydrogen in the case of X-43A) but
collect oxygen from the atmosphere whereas rockets carry both fuel and
oxygen on board.
How do you feel about this achievement?
I am truly privileged to be associated with a highly capable team of
NASA Langley Research Center who worked tirelessly to make X-43A
flight successful at Mach 7 (about 8,260 kmph). The success of this
flight brings to fruition the efforts of many researchers over a span
of 45 or so years.
This was the world’s first successful hypersonic flight of a highly
integrated scramjet propelled vehicle. Although the flight was managed
by NASA Dryden Flight Research Center in California, the $250 million
Hyper-X programme, under which the X-43A vehicle was developed, is
being led by the Langley Research Center. Another similar test is
planned in the next few months, this time at Mach 10.
What can a scramjet-driven vehicle do?
It conceivably does have both commercial and military applications.
What kind of civilian uses can it possibly have?
It is difficult to say whether it will be of use to ordinary citizens
but certain technologies will certainly benefit them. For example, one
of the requirements for scramjet is to store hydrogen as fuel. This
technology could be of use to ground and air vehicles if and when they
could be propelled with hydrogen as fuel.
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| User: "Uncle Al" |
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| Title: Re: Scramjet success |
03 Apr 2004 02:38:34 PM |
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Habshi wrote:
All inspired by the Indian aircraft
[snip]
The Indian rope trick, the Indian propensity for shitting in the
streets, India as planet Earth's last reservior of endemic polio
because wogs live waist deep in their own feces,
Science 303(5666) 1964-965 (2004)
The first paragraph:
"Ghaziabad is one of the last strongholds for poliovirus. This
impoverished corner of Utta Pradesh offers an almost perfect
environment for the virus to survive - even thrive in shantytowns so
new they don't even have names, families live in dirt-floored huts
cobbled together out of brick or carbdoard secured by grass or
plastic; lucky families have a piece of wood instead of burlap for a
door. There are no toilets, no runing water except for a single
standpipe, no electricity. Bare-bottomed kids sit quietly in the
mud. Human and animal feces comingle in drainge ditches."
East Indians are burying the whole planet in their *****. You are
filthier than Africans. Boast some more, Habshi.
--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/qz.pdf
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/eotvos.htm
(Do something naughty to physics)
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| User: "Habshi" |
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| Title: Re: Scramjet success |
08 Apr 2004 05:40:20 PM |
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This is 60 times the biggest H bomb or 60,000 times the
Hiroshima bomb , It would obliterate a city bigger than London quite
comfortably.
excerpt
We are suggesting picking an asteroid of about 200 metres. A 200 metre
asteroid is capable of penetrating the atmosphere and striking the
ground with an energy of 600 megatons. Should it land in the ocean (as
is likely), it will create an enormous tsunami that could destroy
coastal cities."
He said that given decades of warning to prevent an impact only
requires that the orbital velocity of an asteroid be altered by a
small amount, less than of order one cm per second.
"However, this is still a very difficult task since the mass of a
200-metre asteroid is of order 10 million tonnes."
An unmanned spacecraft should test ways to deflect a threatening
asteroid, two astronauts have told the US government.
Rusty Schweickart and Edward Lu said a mission of this type could be
launched to an asteroid in 2015.
In February, Earth was almost placed on impact alert because of an
asteroid then thought to be on an impact course.
Mr Schweickart told a hearing that "the media and the general public
realise that asteroids are of more than passing interest."
More than nuclear
Testifying before an investigation into the threat from asteroids to
the Earth, Apollo astronaut Russell L Schweickart called for a new
mission to develop the technologies needed to protect the Earth.
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| User: "Habshi" |
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| Title: Re: Scramjet success |
04 Apr 2004 04:41:34 AM |
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On Sat, 03 Apr 2004 12:38:34 -0800, Uncle Al <UncleAl0@hate.spam.net>
wrote:
"Ghaziabad is one of the last strongholds for poliovirus. This
impoverished corner of Utta Pradesh offer<
Afraid its an Islamic area . No country can cope with Islamic
populations multiplying five fold every fifty years . Hindus have
already reached zero pop growth .
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