Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon



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Topic: Science > Physics
User: "Brad Guth"
Date: 21 May 2006 12:37:08 PM
Object: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon
We seem to realize from actual experience based hard-science and via
the regular laws of physics that the minimum velocity (w/o retrothrust
nor drag coefficient) is roughly 2.4 km/s. However, what is the
absolute maximum obtainable terminal velocity of artificially impacting
our moon?
-
Brad Guth
.

User: "CWatters"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 02:44:58 AM
"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1148233028.113520.104320@y43g2000cwc.googlegroups.com...

We seem to realize from actual experience based hard-science and via
the regular laws of physics that the minimum velocity (w/o retrothrust
nor drag coefficient) is roughly 2.4 km/s. However, what is the
absolute maximum obtainable terminal velocity of artificially impacting
our moon?
-
Brad Guth

Ok perhaps you could take this approach to the maths...
Lets asssume we take a probe to just beyond the earth/moon lagrange point
and "drop" it towards the moon.
Presumably we know
1) The starting velocity
2) the distance to the moon
3) the acceleration due to the moon's gravity (less some due to the earths)
the rest should be easy :-)
.
User: "Igor"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 23 May 2006 11:51:17 AM
CWatters wrote:

"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1148233028.113520.104320@y43g2000cwc.googlegroups.com...

We seem to realize from actual experience based hard-science and via
the regular laws of physics that the minimum velocity (w/o retrothrust
nor drag coefficient) is roughly 2.4 km/s. However, what is the
absolute maximum obtainable terminal velocity of artificially impacting
our moon?
-
Brad Guth


Ok perhaps you could take this approach to the maths...

Lets asssume we take a probe to just beyond the earth/moon lagrange point
and "drop" it towards the moon.

Presumably we know

1) The starting velocity
2) the distance to the moon
3) the acceleration due to the moon's gravity (less some due to the earths)

the rest should be easy :-)

But it's never that easy. Surface gravity is only a first order
approximation. Acceleration due to gravity always goes as inverse
square of the distance. You also need to take into account the spheres
of influence due to earth and moon. That, and the fact that it is
never very efficient to just launch something at something else in
space, complicate things.
.
User: "CWatters"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 23 May 2006 12:07:02 PM
"Igor" <thoovler@excite.com> wrote in message
news:1148403077.744584.143440@u72g2000cwu.googlegroups.com...

But it's never that easy. Surface gravity is only a first order
approximation. Acceleration due to gravity always goes as inverse
square of the distance.

Well yes I know that. I also posted this to show that we're not talking
about significant percentages of the speed of light here...
"CWatters" <colin.watters@turnersNOSPAMoak.plus.net> wrote in message
news:447302fc$0$18225$ed2619ec@ptn-nntp-reader01.plus.net...

Oh go on then lets do some silly maths...

If the earth had no gravity and you dropped an object so that it fell from
the earth to the moon (a distance of 385 x10^6 meters) and the

acceleration

was say 1.6g all the way... then my basic maths says it would be going at
around...35,000 meters per second onb impact. Only a very small fraction

of

C.

.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 24 May 2006 02:36:07 PM
CWatters,
The only aspect of ever reaching such terrific velocity is via the long
and ion thrusted retrograde trajectory of accomplishing a head-on
impact, whereas I was just wondering if 10%'c' was even technically
doable.
The last time I'd checked, 10%'c' is nowhere near the speed of light,
and if there's supposedly no consideration given for the SM slug factor
of reaching whatever terminal velocity, whereas it seems doable.
I tend to agree that the probe (no matters how tough) would most likely
vaporise upon contact unless the initial impact somehow created some
form of bow pressure or blast wave as from the vaporised tip of this
JAVELIN probe that's otherwise packing a few science instruments in
it's javelin butt. Perhaps the tip could be that of 239U.
-
Brad Guth
.



User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 02:59:44 PM
CWatters,
I wasn't per say looking only for the LL-1 free-fall and of whatever
final impact velocity, but I'd certainly like very much to realize upon
that factor as well.
What if;
1) The starting velocity = 1 m/s
2) the distance to the moon = 58,000 km (roughly the distance to the
lunar surface, or r34.37)
3) the acceleration due to the moon's gravity (less some due to the
earths) = 1.623 m/s/s at the surface.

the rest should be easy :-)

I tend to agree. However, if it's supposedly so easy, then what's the
answer or at least your best swag, as to within +/- one meter per
second?
For an example of what keeps myself and others a bit off the mark;
there seems little if any agreement upon the average LL-1 point, as
I've found this item posted as +/- several km. Even the supposed
center to center distance from Earth to the moon seems to have somewhat
of a floating average that's not given the same specification (it's as
though we've never actually been to the moon). There's also no hard
agreement as to the extent and composition of the atmosphere associated
with our moon, whereas remote science has since provided information
that's becoming a little different than what little had been reported
via the NASA/Apollo era that supposedly had taken hard-scientific data
directly from the surface, via robotics as well as in person(s) being
of rad-hard DNA none the less.
Hard-science information about LL-1 seems more stealth like than WMD.
In fact, so much as suggesting any usage or merely involvement of LL-1
is generally topic/author taboo and/or about as nondisclosure and/or
banishment worthy as science tends to get. Why is that?
Why is anything that's related to various lunar impact velocities so
Usenet and/or internet taboo/nondisclosure?
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "CWatters"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 03:24:12 PM
"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1148327984.172926.152840@i39g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...

CWatters,
I wasn't per say looking only for the LL-1 free-fall and of whatever
final impact velocity, but I'd certainly like very much to realize upon
that factor as well.

What if;
1) The starting velocity = 1 m/s
2) the distance to the moon = 58,000 km (roughly the distance to the
lunar surface, or r34.37)
3) the acceleration due to the moon's gravity (less some due to the
earths) = 1.623 m/s/s at the surface.

the rest should be easy :-)

I tend to agree. However, if it's supposedly so easy, then what's the
answer or at least your best swag, as to within +/- one meter per
second?

Well I meant it would be easy for a mathematician. I'm only a lowly engineer
who never was much good at maths.
I could probably do the sums for the final velocity if falling from low
altitude (eg assuming g is the same as on the surface) but I know it's more
complicated at greater distances. I mean you can't ignore the effect of the
earth for example near the lagrange point.
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 09:48:08 PM

I could probably do the sums for the final velocity if falling from low
altitude (eg assuming g is the same as on the surface) but I know it's more
complicated at greater distances. I mean you can't ignore the effect of the
earth for example near the lagrange point.

CWatters,
That's also a bit true of myself, whereas I've posted this notion of
better ubnderstanding what could also be a terminal vel;ocity factor if
having seriously put on the velocity of 10%'c' as taken seriously.
However, the somewhat wussy dead drop as pushed away from LL-1 at 1 m/s
is also of keen interest, which should be rather simple for even a
basic PC software calculation effort.
Unfortunately' there's seemingly nothing as having been published nor
otherwise Usenet posted that's giving us village idiots even a ballpark
notion as to what's doable. Once again, it's pretty much as though
we've never been to our moon, much less having walked on that nasty
sucker.
Oddly, an actual moon landing and return mission would have had to have
utilized and/or having taken into consideration most every aspect of
what the LL-1 zone represented, as for being just the exact opposite of
their having to otherwise deal with each of those pesky gravity factors
that get skewed from all those somewhat complex lunar mascons.
So far, we apparently haven't established a freaking clue as to
whatever the LL-1 dropped item will manage to obtain as it's final
impact velocity. I find that sort of fundamental lack of science
information alone as being extremely odd, if not unacceptable.
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "CWatters"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 23 May 2006 07:42:04 AM
"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1148352488.315678.244680@j55g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...

I could probably do the sums for the final velocity if falling from low
altitude (eg assuming g is the same as on the surface) but I know it's

more

complicated at greater distances. I mean you can't ignore the effect of

the

earth for example near the lagrange point.

CWatters,
That's also a bit true of myself, whereas I've posted this notion of
better ubnderstanding what could also be a terminal vel;ocity factor

Oh go on then lets do some silly maths...
If the earth had no gravity and you dropped an object so that it fell from
the earth to the moon (a distance of 385 x10^6 meters) and the acceleration
was say 1.6g all the way... then my basic maths says it would be going at
around...35,000 meters per second onb impact. Only a very small fraction of
C.
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 24 May 2006 01:13:36 AM

If the earth had no gravity and you dropped an object so that it fell from
the earth to the moon (a distance of 385 x10^6 meters) and the acceleration
was say 1.6g all the way... then my basic maths says it would be going at
around...35,000 meters per second onb impact. Only a very small fraction of
C.

CWatters,
OOPS! can I quote that 35 km/s on impact?
Seems a wee bit odd of being pulled towards something at 1.6g that's so
far away and yet worth a velocity upon impact of only 35 km/s. I do
believe from LL-1 and using the same acceleration constant of 1.6g it's
worthy of outperforming that wussy velocity by a good margin.
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "CWatters"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 24 May 2006 12:41:59 PM
"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1148451216.210906.290040@g10g2000cwb.googlegroups.com...

If the earth had no gravity and you dropped an object so that it fell

from

the earth to the moon (a distance of 385 x10^6 meters) and the

acceleration

was say 1.6g all the way... then my basic maths says it would be going at
around...35,000 meters per second onb impact. Only a very small fraction

of

C.

CWatters,
OOPS! can I quote that 35 km/s on impact?

Seems a wee bit odd of being pulled towards something at 1.6g that's so
far away and yet worth a velocity upon impact of only 35 km/s. I do
believe from LL-1 and using the same acceleration constant of 1.6g it's
worthy of outperforming that wussy velocity by a good margin.

I just applied v^2 = u^2 +2as perhaps I made a typo? Haven't checked.
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 25 May 2006 09:04:25 AM

I just applied v^2 = u^2 +2as perhaps I made a typo? Haven't checked.

CWatters,
You've made a bit more than a "typo". It's rather interesting that
whenever we should discuss most anything associated with our moon, that
the essential science as to appreciating it's surrounding atmosphere
that's of such a sodium content, of it's uneven gravity issues, of the
LL-1 zone and of whatever's dropping items down onto that nasty sucker
is either skewed or entirely missing.
The math should be rather simple for a CRAY supercomputer, and
otherwise perfectly doable with most any good PC if the wizards that
should know about such things would merely share. Obviously they're
not about to share upon anything that'll taint or otherwise infringe
upon their pagan cash-cow god.
Without so much as a basis of LL-1 science, I thinking there's no
possible way of accomplishing any stealth fly-by-rocket landings upon
our physically dark and nasty moon, especially if there's not so much
as a speck of such hard-science that's related to the simple task of
having dropped a few items from LL-1 directly onto the lunar deck, much
less their having ignored issues of mascons that'll demand the usage of
those powerful momentum reaction wheels plus having seriously computer
modulated reaction thrusters applied all the way that'll provide the
only viable deorbit and safe down-range capability that's still at best
going to remain as spendy and damn risky business, not to even mention
the gamma/hard-X-ray dosage that's potentially lethal within minutes
unless they can manage to park in a deep cave.
The direct alignment drop and final impact velocity as obtained from
the 58,000 km point of LL-1 is of absolutely critical science for any
such probe deployments onto/into our moon. Yet lo and behold there's
still nothing whatsoever stipulated about such hard-science nor even
sharing squat about the environment of the LL-1/(ME-L1) zone. It's as
though the entire worth of LL-1 doesn't matter any more so than do
mascons, nor that of whatever the gamma/hard-X-rays environment might
further suggest, and it's otherwise looking exactly as though we've
never set a moonsuit naked foot on our physically dark and nasty moon.
-
Brad Guth
.








User: "tadchem"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 21 May 2006 02:50:01 PM
"Terminal velocity" is that velocity at which the force of acceleration
on a freely falling object due to gravity is balanced by an equal and
opposite force of drag due to friction of the medium.
The gravitational force will depend on the mass of the primary and the
distance to the center of mass of the primary.
The force of friction will depend on the density of the medium and the
aerodynamic characteristics of the falling object. The density of the
medium will also depend (in an exponential way) on the altitude above
the surface of the primary.
As a result "terminal velocity" is not a constant but varies with
altitude and is different for different objects.
The figure of 2.4 m/s you give only holds for a certain set of
circumstances and for a certain class of objects at certain altitude,
none of which have been specified.
Tom Davidson
Richmond, VA
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 21 May 2006 03:15:08 PM

"Terminal velocity" is that velocity at which the force of acceleration
on a freely falling object due to gravity is balanced by an equal and
opposite force of drag due to friction of the medium.

tadchem,
And this means that you know the answer?

The force of friction will depend on the density of the medium and the
aerodynamic characteristics of the falling object. The density of the
medium will also depend (in an exponential way) on the altitude above
the surface of the primary.

What's to "depend"? don't we already know all of the necessary factors
related to our moon?

As a result "terminal velocity" is not a constant but varies with
altitude and is different for different objects.

So thereby, as related to our thin atmospheric surrounded moon, as such
the maximum terminal velocity of a given 10t JAVELIN like impactor
is????

The figure of 2.4 m/s you give only holds for a certain set of
circumstances and for a certain class of objects at certain
altitude, none of which have been specified.

The impactor profile is 32:1
The impactor mass is 10t
The altitude is infinite (as much as it takes)
That is unless you'd care to just start this one off from the nearby
LL-1 at one m/s, that's roughly giving us 58,000 km of altitude away
from the lunar deck (a trajectory that's directly aligned between us
and our moon). Of course LL-2 is going to have the moon+Earth gravity
benefit, that'll also require a somewhat spendy satellite form of
science platform in order to view and record such a horrific backside
impact, that is unless it manages to entirely penetrate and we get to
see the emerging remains and/or debris of that JAVELIN probe/impactor
as it's exit being aligned directly towards Earth.
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "Llanzlan Klazmon"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 21 May 2006 06:37:25 PM
"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in news:1148242508.382119.317250
@j33g2000cwa.googlegroups.com:

"Terminal velocity" is that velocity at which the force of acceleration
on a freely falling object due to gravity is balanced by an equal and
opposite force of drag due to friction of the medium.

tadchem,
And this means that you know the answer?

The force of friction will depend on the density of the medium and the
aerodynamic characteristics of the falling object. The density of the
medium will also depend (in an exponential way) on the altitude above
the surface of the primary.

What's to "depend"? don't we already know all of the necessary factors
related to our moon?

If you want high speed, use a proton as an impactor and accellerate it to
0.9999 + percent of light speed using a synchrotron. Seems a bit pointless
though as much higher energy cosmic rays are impacting the moon all the
time.
Klazmon.
<SNIP>
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 21 May 2006 09:50:48 PM

If you want high speed, use a proton as an impactor and accellerate it to
0.9999 + percent of light speed using a synchrotron. Seems a bit pointless
though as much higher energy cosmic rays are impacting the moon all the
time.

Llanzlan Klazmon,
You've got a 10t proton? or even a one kg proton?
Actually, I was thinking of using the Rn laser cannon as a form of ion
thruster, which by theory could eventually manage nearly 50%'c', that
is unless the SM slug value of terminal velocity remains as too
significant.
This JAVELIN probe/impactor needs to get something of science worth
deployed deep into the moon, or if at all possible delivered entirely
through the moon as per whatever if any remainder exits out the
opposite side. That's were I'd thought 10%'c' might come in real
handy.
I'm otherwise looking for the maximum physical worth of our local SM
terminal velocity(SMVt), by way of using gravity and every other known
trick in the book. Got any ideas?
Otherwise I'm looking for the absolute lowest possible JAVELIN
probe/impactor arrival velocity (w/o retrothrust). Got any good ideas?
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "Llanzlan Klazmon"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 21 May 2006 10:16:02 PM
"Brad Guth" <ieisbradguth@yahoo.com> wrote in
news:1148266248.172197.221150@g10g2000cwb.googlegroups.com:

If you want high speed, use a proton as an impactor and accellerate it
to 0.9999 + percent of light speed using a synchrotron. Seems a bit
pointless though as much higher energy cosmic rays are impacting the
moon all the time.

Llanzlan Klazmon,
You've got a 10t proton? or even a one kg proton?

Nothing in your initial post said anything about 10t. You are shifting the
goal posts.


Actually, I was thinking of using the Rn laser cannon as a form of ion
thruster, which by theory could eventually manage nearly 50%'c', that
is unless the SM slug value of terminal velocity remains as too
significant.

This JAVELIN probe/impactor needs to get something of science worth
deployed deep into the moon, or if at all possible delivered entirely
through the moon as per whatever if any remainder exits out the
opposite side. That's were I'd thought 10%'c' might come in real
handy.

I'm otherwise looking for the maximum physical worth of our local SM
terminal velocity(SMVt), by way of using gravity and every other known
trick in the book. Got any ideas?

Otherwise I'm looking for the absolute lowest possible JAVELIN
probe/impactor arrival velocity (w/o retrothrust). Got any good ideas?

What exactly are you trying to achieve? I suppose just modifying the orbit
of an asteroid so that it impacts the moon would be sufficient to make a
decent sized hole. What it lacks in impact speed would be compensated for
by mass.
Klazmon.

-
Brad Guth


.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 02:27:54 AM

Nothing in your initial post said anything about 10t. You are shifting
the goal posts.

Then make it 1000t, or whatever makes you into a happy camper. I don't
ever place each and every viable factor within my opening topic. Is
that a problem?

What exactly are you trying to achieve?

If I told you I'd probably have to kill you.

I suppose just modifying the orbit of an asteroid so that it
impacts the moon would be sufficient to make a decent sized hole.
What it lacks in impact speed would be compensated for by mass.

What is it about a JAVELIN probe of whatever mass that's entirely over
your physics head?
Where did I once or ever mention anything about utilizing any stinking
"asteroid"?
If you'd like, think of this as a master terrorist plot on behalf of
Usama bin Laden to explode the moon, or whatever else seems most
dastardly.
Just tell us, what is the maximum possible velocity if using every
trick in the book for making something of good mass impact our moon?
or is even that going to be too much to ask for?
-
Brad Guth
.




User: "tadchem"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 04:41:20 AM
Brad Guth wrote:

tadchem,
And this means that you know the answer?

No. It means that there is no single answer.

The impactor profile is 32:1

Please define this term. It is not one I can find defined anywhere
else. "32" of what to 1 of what else?

The impactor mass is 10t

Tonnes?

The altitude is infinite (as much as it takes)

The altitude is a variable that can affect the 'terminal velocity' for
a number of reasons, as I pointed out. At 'infinite' altitude the
deansity of the atmosphere (and hence the drag of the medium) drops to
zero, so the drag force disappears and the concept of 'terminal
velocity' becomes moot.

That is unless you'd care to just start this one off from the nearby
LL-1 at one m/s, that's roughly giving us 58,000 km of altitude away
from the lunar deck (a trajectory that's directly aligned between us
and our moon). Of course LL-2 is going to have the moon+Earth gravity
benefit, that'll also require a somewhat spendy satellite form of
science platform in order to view and record such a horrific backside
impact, that is unless it manages to entirely penetrate and we get to
see the emerging remains and/or debris of that JAVELIN probe/impactor
as it's exit being aligned directly towards Earth.

You have never studied celestial mechanics, have you? Does it occur to
you that *direction* is important?
You just made up the phrase 'moon+Earth gravity benefit', didn't you?
Just like you did with 'a somewhat spendy satellite form'...
The bottom line, Brad, is that for a body of any significant mass
(larger than a pea) there simply is not enough atmosphere around the
moon for the forces of gravity and drag to reach equilibrium.
Tom Davidson
Richmond, VA
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 11:14:52 AM

Please define this term. It is not one I can find defined anywhere
else. "32" of what to 1 of what else?

Good grief, what's to define? other than you obviously have no
imagination whatsoever. OK, lets say it's of a 3.2 meter by 0.1 meter
spear like item, as in meaning a 32:1 ratio of javelin that's usually
pointed on at least the front end.
Obviously this javelin profile ratio might become better off at some
other ratio, such as 16:1 if we're going in for a good amount of bullet
like penetrator mass, although the tail end being where the probe
science instruments are situated seems as though somewhat better off if
there's more of the javelin mass situated in front that gets summarily
vaporised upon entering the moon. Of anything less than 8:1 seems a
bit short of a distance for the nearly instantaneous deceleration phase
of the science portion of this javelin probe to survive. Perhaps even
a pyramid like form is going to be best suited, whereas the actual
shape of this impactor/probe might otherwise be just that of a common
sphere. I've obviously confused the issue by way of my having
mentioned anything about shape or any other physical attributes that's
obviously causing yourself to go naysay postal.

You have never studied celestial mechanics, have you? Does it occur to
you that *direction* is important?

That's it. Perhaps you're simply too naysay and otherwise way too
minion dumbfounded and opinionated to waste any more time with. Your
following paragraph is all the proof we'll need in order to realize
that we're dealing with is nothing but another naysay e-spook, a
double-speak duh sort of pagan fool on the hill of disinformation
that's obviously too mindset bigoted to save his own soul.

The bottom line, Brad, is that for a body of any significant mass
(larger than a pea) there simply is not enough atmosphere around the
moon for the forces of gravity and drag to reach equilibrium.

What the sam hell are you talking about? Take your naysayism of only
assuming upon the worse, to hell, and then some. Why exactly are you
so into only looking for the purely negative aspects in absolutely
everything? Why are you assuming that all of humanity is dumber than
yourself? Are you God?
I believe there is a practical terminal velocity of space travel. Even
the ISM of 1~10 atoms/cm3 imposes a form of terminal velocity
(especially if it's involving that of a very large volume sort of
spacecraft), and that's even if having applied unlimited photon/laser
like thrust velocity, whereas there seems a physical speed limitation
factor, as otherwise small/micro probes shouldn't have any problems
making at least 50%'c', and going for the long shots of accomplishing
the likes of Sirius should otherwise pull such probes a bit faster yet
once their having gotten past the point of stellar gravity
nullification.
BTW; in spite of what you rusemasters what us village idiots to think,
the moon actually has an atmosphere, though a bit on the thin or sparse
side, so that also makes you into a certified liar to boot. If
intending to slow down prior to impact, as such we'd just need to
deploy a much larger aerobreaking/drag parachute, or perhaps a drag
balloon is even better if I were trying to arrive at something less
than the surface orbital velocity of 2.37 km/s, which might not even be
all that necessary if making this low speed impactor alternative as a
direct rear-ender, which might even suggest a naked probe arrival at
1.5 km/s unless the 1.623 m/s/s of lunar gravity simply isn't going to
allow such, in which case we deploy something large enough (such as
your fat naysay butt) that'll moderate this final arrival velocity.
If you're so freaking smart, how would you accomplish this task (call
it plan-b) of the javelin probe arriving at the least velocity, or
otherwise manage the initial task of plan-a going in at maximum
velocity that's obviously thruster, retrograde orbital mechanics and
good old gravity assisted?
The bottom line, Tom Davidson, I say again; duh! Where did I ever
insist upon a merely free falling probe (free fall is but only one
option), whereas my first objective (call it plan-a) was intending upon
using the likes of a LRn-->Rn-->ion laser cannon like thruster plus
retrograde orbital mechanics as a viable method of essentially keeping
the acceleration pedal to the metal, that is unless you've got a better
idea, such as using nuclear impulse methods ott to have the potential
of delivering the sort of velocity that I'm looking for (10%'c' or
better).
Once again; plan-a is per arriving extremely fast, and plan-b is for
the task of arriving slow. I do believe there is a difference. I also
believe this topic is simply too complicated for such a naysay (anti
everything under the sun) mindset as your's. Am I right?
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "Sam Wormley"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 11:24:31 AM
Brad Guth wrote:

Please define this term. It is not one I can find defined anywhere
else. "32" of what to 1 of what else?


Good grief, what's to define? other than you obviously have no
imagination whatsoever. OK, lets say it's of a 3.2 meter by 0.1 meter
spear like item, as in meaning a 32:1 ratio of javelin that's usually
pointed on at least the front end.

Obviously this javelin profile ratio might become better off at some
other ratio, such as 16:1 if we're going in for a good amount of bullet
like penetrator mass, although the tail end being where the probe
science instruments are situated seems as though somewhat better off if
there's more of the javelin mass situated in front that gets summarily
vaporised upon entering the moon. Of anything less than 8:1 seems a
bit short of a distance for the nearly instantaneous deceleration phase
of the science portion of this javelin probe to survive. Perhaps even
a pyramid like form is going to be best suited, whereas the actual
shape of this impactor/probe might otherwise be just that of a common
sphere. I've obviously confused the issue by way of my having
mentioned anything about shape or any other physical attributes that's
obviously causing yourself to go naysay postal.


You have never studied celestial mechanics, have you? Does it occur to
you that *direction* is important?


That's it. Perhaps you're simply too naysay and otherwise way too
minion dumbfounded and opinionated to waste any more time with. Your
following paragraph is all the proof we'll need in order to realize
that we're dealing with is nothing but another naysay e-spook, a
double-speak duh sort of pagan fool on the hill of disinformation
that's obviously too mindset bigoted to save his own soul.

The bottom line, Brad, is that for a body of any significant mass
(larger than a pea) there simply is not enough atmosphere around the
moon for the forces of gravity and drag to reach equilibrium.


What the sam hell are you talking about? Take your naysayism of only
assuming upon the worse, to hell, and then some. Why exactly are you
so into only looking for the purely negative aspects in absolutely
everything? Why are you assuming that all of humanity is dumber than
yourself? Are you God?

I believe there is a practical terminal velocity of space travel. Even
the ISM of 1~10 atoms/cm3 imposes a form of terminal velocity
(especially if it's involving that of a very large volume sort of
spacecraft), and that's even if having applied unlimited photon/laser
like thrust velocity, whereas there seems a physical speed limitation
factor, as otherwise small/micro probes shouldn't have any problems
making at least 50%'c', and going for the long shots of accomplishing
the likes of Sirius should otherwise pull such probes a bit faster yet
once their having gotten past the point of stellar gravity
nullification.

BTW; in spite of what you rusemasters what us village idiots to think,
the moon actually has an atmosphere, though a bit on the thin or sparse
side, so that also makes you into a certified liar to boot. If
intending to slow down prior to impact, as such we'd just need to
deploy a much larger aerobreaking/drag parachute, or perhaps a drag
balloon is even better if I were trying to arrive at something less
than the surface orbital velocity of 2.37 km/s, which might not even be
all that necessary if making this low speed impactor alternative as a
direct rear-ender, which might even suggest a naked probe arrival at
1.5 km/s unless the 1.623 m/s/s of lunar gravity simply isn't going to
allow such, in which case we deploy something large enough (such as
your fat naysay butt) that'll moderate this final arrival velocity.

If you're so freaking smart, how would you accomplish this task (call
it plan-b) of the javelin probe arriving at the least velocity, or
otherwise manage the initial task of plan-a going in at maximum
velocity that's obviously thruster, retrograde orbital mechanics and
good old gravity assisted?

The bottom line, Tom Davidson, I say again; duh! Where did I ever
insist upon a merely free falling probe (free fall is but only one
option), whereas my first objective (call it plan-a) was intending upon
using the likes of a LRn-->Rn-->ion laser cannon like thruster plus
retrograde orbital mechanics as a viable method of essentially keeping
the acceleration pedal to the metal, that is unless you've got a better
idea, such as using nuclear impulse methods ott to have the potential
of delivering the sort of velocity that I'm looking for (10%'c' or
better).

Once again; plan-a is per arriving extremely fast, and plan-b is for
the task of arriving slow. I do believe there is a difference. I also
believe this topic is simply too complicated for such a naysay (anti
everything under the sun) mindset as your's. Am I right?
-
Brad Guth

I'm having difficulty understand what you mean by "terminal velocity".
Please do me the kindness of explaining what you mean by the term.
Thanks.
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 02:49:17 PM

I'm having difficulty understand what you mean by "terminal velocity".
Please do me the kindness of explaining what you mean by the term.

Sam Wormley,
The point at which, if thrust energy is removed and the coasting
velocity regardless of gravity influence can no longer improve upon the
continuing velocity due to the local SM or ISM drag coefficient.
Say the spacecraft were that of 1000 m3, is involved with getting
itself from our solar system to the Sirius star/solar system, whereas
such it's having to displace itself of roughly 1000 m3/s plus whatever
pressure wave of disturbance times the given velocity or SOA(speed of
advance). Once past the point of no-return it's getting pulled along
by the horrific gravity influence of the Sirius star/solar system, and
this opportunity of efficiently obtaining good velocity (especially if
having those Ra-->LRn-->Rn-->ion thrusters avaiklable) should have
sufficient distance and time to advance to the point of whatever's the
maximum ISM terminal velocity.
Most likely you'll have to offer us a better term than "terminal
velocity" or even that of "ISMVt".
Obviously the solar/stellar wind that's coming off the powerful Sirius
star system is going be working against the advancement of any such
spacecraft. Any idea or swag as to how much drag coefficient we're up
against?
How's that?
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "Sam Wormley"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 03:19:57 PM
Brad Guth wrote:

I'm having difficulty understand what you mean by "terminal velocity".
Please do me the kindness of explaining what you mean by the term.


Sam Wormley,
The point at which, if thrust energy is removed and the coasting
velocity regardless of gravity influence can no longer improve upon the
continuing velocity due to the local SM or ISM drag coefficient.

Terminal velocity, to my understanding, is a *constant velocity*
resulting from the equilibrium of a force such as gravity and the
drag of a resisting medium, such as a planet's atmosphere.
Are we on the same page?
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 09:23:55 PM

Terminal velocity, to my understanding, is a *constant velocity*
resulting from the equilibrium of a force such as gravity and the
drag of a resisting medium, such as a planet's atmosphere.
Are we on the same page?

Sam Wormley,
Keep a good hold onto that constant velocity notion (w/o thrust
applied), replace whatever's your atmospheric density with whatever's
of SM or ISM, increase that wishful velocity factor up to 10%'c'(30,000
km/s) and utilizing stellar gravity instead of merely local gravity is
what should keep us at least within the same footnotes of that very
same page.
Remember that such fewer atoms of the SM or ISM do have some room to
give a little without their significantly packing too much into one
another. However, the forward compression wave is likely going to
become somewhat of a thicker soup that's taking up volume and
unavoidably demanding of energy as it represents an extra amount of
drag coefficient.
Interesting in how you're so good at intentionally dragging this one
out. Is it something I said that's supposed to remain as
nondisclosure?
Are you afraid to stipulate or even shy as to speculate as to what such
a javelin impactor might have to deal with? or of whatever a
interstellar probe has to overcome if making such horrific velocity as
10%'c'?
If you'd like to include a consideration for the lunar atmospheric
terminal velocity, whereas starting in at LL-1 that's perhaps offering
us as few as 100 atom/cm3 while we're situated at 34.37r, and obviously
dramatically increasing in population density/cm3 with every closing
km, then picking up a few extra atoms of sodium from the distance of
9r(15,642 km) seems fairly obvious (actually there's also the fairly
substantial [moon sized] sodium cloud that's worth potentially on
average hundreds of those sodium atoms/cm3, that's trailing a good
900,000 km stream as continually blown away from our salty moon by the
solar wind), and then essentially following the expected increase as
per getting closer to the moon until eventually there's millions upon
millions of those various atoms/cm3 to work with, many of which holding
nearest the surface being the likes of argon and radon.
-
Brad Guth
.
User: "Sam Wormley"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 09:30:44 PM
Brad Guth wrote:

Terminal velocity, to my understanding, is a *constant velocity*
resulting from the equilibrium of a force such as gravity and the
drag of a resisting medium, such as a planet's atmosphere.



Are we on the same page?


Sam Wormley,
Keep a good hold onto that constant velocity notion (w/o thrust
applied), replace whatever's your atmospheric density with whatever's
of SM or ISM, increase that wishful velocity factor up to 10%'c'(30,000
km/s) and utilizing stellar gravity instead of merely local gravity is
what should keep us at least within the same footnotes of that very
same page.

The simple fact is that anything move at 30,000 km/s with respect
a larger body such as the moon, will not come close to a terminal
velocity and will be vaporized upon impact.
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 24 May 2006 01:25:29 AM

The simple fact is that anything move at 30,000 km/s with respect
a larger body such as the moon, will not come close to a terminal
velocity and will be vaporized upon impact.

Sam Wormley,
I'm not convinced we know enough to stipulate as to any significant
factor of the potential of whatever terminal velocity has to offer, as
it relates to local or ISM space travels, which seems as though locally
limited to roughly 3,000 km/s unless the probe is somewhat micro or
perhaps sub-micro. I'm also not sure that we can't manage to penetrate
our science deeply into that nasty moon of ours. Obviously, and why am
I not surprised that you know of absolutely nothing that'll work.
-
Brad Guth
.

User: "The Ghost In The Machine"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 28 May 2006 12:00:33 AM
On Tue, 23 May 2006 02:30:44 +0000, Sam Wormley wrote:

Brad Guth wrote:

Terminal velocity, to my understanding, is a *constant velocity*
resulting from the equilibrium of a force such as gravity and the
drag of a resisting medium, such as a planet's atmosphere.



Are we on the same page?


Sam Wormley,
Keep a good hold onto that constant velocity notion (w/o thrust
applied), replace whatever's your atmospheric density with whatever's
of SM or ISM, increase that wishful velocity factor up to 10%'c'(30,000
km/s) and utilizing stellar gravity instead of merely local gravity is
what should keep us at least within the same footnotes of that very
same page.


The simple fact is that anything move at 30,000 km/s with respect
a larger body such as the moon, will not come close to a terminal
velocity and will be vaporized upon impact.

A 1 kg mass moving at that speed would impact with about the force of a
215 kiloton bomb.
I'd duck if I were either of you...not that it would do *that* much good. :-)
--
#191,

It's still legal to go .sigless.
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 28 May 2006 04:16:43 PM

A 1 kg mass moving at that speed would impact with about the force
of a 215 kiloton bomb.

Too bad we're not smart enough to actually do this. Perhaps China will
take charge and take all the credit.

I'd duck if I were either of you...not that it would do *that* much good.

As I've explained elsewhere, going extremely fast at our moon is but
one option of implanting science instruments deep into that physically
dark and nasty sucker. Otherwise, of using a large drag-balloon as to
moderate the arrival down to roughly 1000 m/s seems perfectly doable,
as well as for surviving a direct 2.5 km/s impact seems otherwise
within the realm of what's physically via javelin probe survivable.
How thick is the lunar skin?
-
Brad Guth
.




User: "Igor"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 23 May 2006 11:57:53 AM
Sam Wormley wrote:

Brad Guth wrote:

I'm having difficulty understand what you mean by "terminal velocity".
Please do me the kindness of explaining what you mean by the term.


Sam Wormley,
The point at which, if thrust energy is removed and the coasting
velocity regardless of gravity influence can no longer improve upon the
continuing velocity due to the local SM or ISM drag coefficient.


Terminal velocity, to my understanding, is a *constant velocity*
resulting from the equilibrium of a force such as gravity and the
drag of a resisting medium, such as a planet's atmosphere.

Are we on the same page?

Same page? Hell, I don't think you two are even reading the same book!
I don't really see how conventional terminal velocity would have even
have any meaning in the extremely sparse medium he is referring to.
.




User: "Randy Poe"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 22 May 2006 03:39:42 PM
Brad Guth wrote:

Please define this term. It is not one I can find defined anywhere
else. "32" of what to 1 of what else?

Good grief, what's to define? other than you obviously have no
imagination whatsoever. OK, lets say it's of a 3.2 meter by 0.1 meter

Do you mean 3.2 meter length and 0.1 meter diameter?
Why not say so?

spear like item, as in meaning a 32:1 ratio of javelin that's usually
pointed on at least the front end.

In answer to your original question, the moon does not have
a terminal velocity because there is no atmospheric drag.
You seem to have subscribed to tjfrazer's physics. tj thinks
he could use a balloon on the moon.
What exactly makes you think there is an atmosphere on the
moon?
- Randy
.
User: "Brad Guth"

Title: Re: Terminal Velocity of Impacting our Moon 28 May 2006 03:02:27 AM

Do you mean 3.2 meter length and 0.1 meter diameter?
Why not say so?

Randy Poe,
Why is the wording as to a given dimension of any importance? What
exactly is your pathetic naysay and/or dumbfounded problem?
Or is it that such pagan infidels like yourself are just plain dumb and
dumber than stupid?

In answer to your original question, the moon does not have
a terminal velocity because there is no atmospheric drag.

Try telling that one to NASA or ESA or better yet to China.
At 10%'c', even the ISM represents a measurable terminal velocity of
limitation to most any physical probe or spacecraft.
If our moon had no atmosphere, as such it could then sustain satellites
as orbiting just 10 km off the deck, for decades on end, and without
ever a joule of micro thrust. Obviously that's not the case, now is
it.

What exactly makes you think there is an atmosphere on the
moon?

How about the available though remote hard-science that's replicated
and stipulates our moon has an atmosphere, plus that of the regular
laws of physics.
Where's your science that our moon supposedly has no atmosphere?
-
Brad Guth
.







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