The Definition of Points



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Topic: Science > Physics
User: "Lester Zick"
Date: 13 Mar 2007 12:52:40 PM
Object: The Definition of Points
The Definition of Points
~v~~
In the swansong of modern math lines are composed of points. But then
we must ask how points are defined? However I seem to recollect
intersections of lines determine points. But if so then we are left to
consider the rather peculiar proposition that lines are composed of
the intersection of lines. Now I don't claim the foregoing definitions
are circular. Only that the ratio of definitional logic to conclusions
is a transcendental somewhere in the neighborhood of 3.14159 . . .
~v~~
.

User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 12 Apr 2007 02:30:57 PM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.


Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.
01oo
.
User: ""

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 11:52:21 AM
In sci.math Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com> wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.


Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.
01oo

Everything follows from the assumptions and definitions. People have
been telling you this for well over a year now. If you change the axioms,
or change the definitions, you will get different results. However the old
axioms, definitions and results remain just the same as before.
N has a cardinality. If "size" is defined as cardinality, N has a "size".
If "size" is defined differently, N still has a cardinality.
Stephen
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 05:39:59 PM
On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 16:52:21 +0000 (UTC),
wrote:

In sci.math Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com> wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.


Is that true?

~v~~


Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.


01oo


Everything follows from the assumptions and definitions.

And since definitions are considered neither true nor false everything
follows from raw assumptions which are considered neither true nor
false.
~v~~
.
User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 11:21:59 AM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 16:52:21 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

In sci.math Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com> wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.

Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.
01oo

Everything follows from the assumptions and definitions.


And since definitions are considered neither true nor false everything
follows from raw assumptions which are considered neither true nor
false.

~v~~

Oh come on. Assumptions are considered true for the sake of the argument
at hand. That's what an assumption IS.
01oo
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 05:19:47 PM
On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 12:21:59 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 16:52:21 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

In sci.math Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com> wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.

Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.
01oo

Everything follows from the assumptions and definitions.


And since definitions are considered neither true nor false everything
follows from raw assumptions which are considered neither true nor
false.

~v~~


Oh come on. Assumptions are considered true for the sake of the argument
at hand. That's what an assumption IS.

So are "square triangles" or "blue squares" considered true for the
sake of the argument at hand? Strange argument I must say.
~v~~
.




User: "MoeBlee"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 12 Apr 2007 04:48:01 PM
On Apr 12, 12:30 pm, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.

YOU can't REview something you've never VIEWED.
MoeBlee
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 12:17:04 PM
On 12 Apr 2007 14:48:01 -0700, "MoeBlee" <jazzmobe@hotmail.com> wrote:

On Apr 12, 12:30 pm, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.


YOU can't REview something you've never VIEWED.

Look who's talking. Since when have mathematical axioms ever been
viewed as true in exhaustive mechanical terms?
~v~~
.


User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 12:16:04 PM
On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 15:30:57 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.


Is that true?

~v~~


Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.

What follows from the assumptions, Tony? Truth? If the assumptions
were true and could be demonstrated they wouldn't have to be assumed
to begin with. Mathematikers and empirics expect their students to use
the most rigorous, exhaustive mechanics in extrapolating theorems and
experimental methods from foundational assumptions. But the minute the
same requirements of rigorous mechanics are laid on them and their own
axioms and foundational assumptions they cry foul and claim no one can
prove their assumptions and that even their definitions are completely
arbitrary and can be considered neither true nor false.
~v~~
.
User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 01:36:12 PM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 15:30:57 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.


To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.

Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.


What follows from the assumptions, Tony? Truth?

"that N does not have a size."
If the assumptions

were true and could be demonstrated they wouldn't have to be assumed
to begin with.

Can we assume that a statement is either true, or it's false? Is that
too much of an assumption to make, when exploring the meaning of truth?
In ways yes, but for a start, no.
Mathematikers and empirics expect their students to use

the most rigorous, exhaustive mechanics in extrapolating theorems and
experimental methods from foundational assumptions. But the minute the
same requirements of rigorous mechanics are laid on them and their own
axioms and foundational assumptions they cry foul and claim no one can
prove their assumptions and that even their definitions are completely
arbitrary and can be considered neither true nor false.

~v~~

The question about axioms is whether each one is justifiable and
sufficiently general enough to be accepted as "true" in some universal
sense.
01oo
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 14 Apr 2007 02:16:49 PM
On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 14:36:12 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 15:30:57 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.


To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.


Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.


What follows from the assumptions, Tony? Truth?

"that N does not have a size."

I wasn't commenting on whether your assumptions are consistent with
your axioms, Tony. I was asking whether your assumptions were true.

If the assumptions

were true and could be demonstrated they wouldn't have to be assumed
to begin with.


Can we assume that a statement is either true, or it's false?

Sure. Happens all the time. However if you're asking whether a
statement must be one or the other the answer is no. There are
problematic exceptions to the so called excluded middle.

Is that
too much of an assumption to make, when exploring the meaning of truth?
In ways yes, but for a start, no.

Well your phrase "exploring the meaning of truth" is ambiguous, Tony,
because what you're really doing is exploring consequences of truth or
falsity given assumptions of truth or falsity to begin with, which is
an almost completely trivial exercise in comparison with the actual
determination of truth in mechanically exhaustive terms initially.

Mathematikers and empirics expect their students to use

the most rigorous, exhaustive mechanics in extrapolating theorems and
experimental methods from foundational assumptions. But the minute the
same requirements of rigorous mechanics are laid on them and their own
axioms and foundational assumptions they cry foul and claim no one can
prove their assumptions and that even their definitions are completely
arbitrary and can be considered neither true nor false.

~v~~


The question about axioms is whether each one is justifiable and
sufficiently general enough to be accepted as "true" in some universal
sense.

No the actual question is whether each and every axiom is actually
true and demonstrably so in mechanically exhaustive terms. Otherwise
there's not much point to the exhaustively rigorous demonstration of
theorems in terms of axioms demanded of students if axioms themselves
are only assumed true.
~v~~
.
User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 12:39:45 PM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 14:36:12 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 15:30:57 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Mon, 2 Apr 2007 16:12:46 +0000 (UTC),

wrote:

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

To be fair to Tony, he said "size", not "cardinality". If Tony wishes to define
"size" such that set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has a
largest element x, he can, but an immediate consequence of that definition
is that N does not have a size.


Is that true?

~v~~

Yes, Lester, Stephen is exactly right. I am very happy to see this
response. It follows from the assumptions. Axioms have merit, but
deserve periodic review.

What follows from the assumptions, Tony? Truth?


"that N does not have a size."


I wasn't commenting on whether your assumptions are consistent with
your axioms, Tony. I was asking whether your assumptions were true.

So, then. it's not true that every statement is either true or false.
What about the statement that every statement is true or false? That's
false? Perhaps it's not possible to determine the root of truth in any
deductive manner, but that determining truth of statements is an
infinite regress called "science". Have you considered that notion?

If the assumptions

were true and could be demonstrated they wouldn't have to be assumed
to begin with.

Can we assume that a statement is either true, or it's false?


Sure. Happens all the time. However if you're asking whether a
statement must be one or the other the answer is no. There are
problematic exceptions to the so called excluded middle.

Please eloborate.

Is that
too much of an assumption to make, when exploring the meaning of truth?
In ways yes, but for a start, no.


Well your phrase "exploring the meaning of truth" is ambiguous, Tony,
because what you're really doing is exploring consequences of truth or
falsity given assumptions of truth or falsity to begin with, which is
an almost completely trivial exercise in comparison with the actual
determination of truth in mechanically exhaustive terms initially.

I am exploring the mechanics of truth, and its pursuit, which you are
not, really, as far as I can tell.

Mathematikers and empirics expect their students to use

the most rigorous, exhaustive mechanics in extrapolating theorems and
experimental methods from foundational assumptions. But the minute the
same requirements of rigorous mechanics are laid on them and their own
axioms and foundational assumptions they cry foul and claim no one can
prove their assumptions and that even their definitions are completely
arbitrary and can be considered neither true nor false.

~v~~

The question about axioms is whether each one is justifiable and
sufficiently general enough to be accepted as "true" in some universal
sense.


No the actual question is whether each and every axiom is actually
true and demonstrably so in mechanically exhaustive terms. Otherwise
there's not much point to the exhaustively rigorous demonstration of
theorems in terms of axioms demanded of students if axioms themselves
are only assumed true.

~v~~

I am saying that one can assume axioms for the sake of deduction, but
that the conclusions derived are only as reliable as the starting
axioms, and so there is an inductive process in deciding which axioms to
accept for the sake of one's "theory", expecially when looking for
universal truths that serve as axions in a TOE, depending on whether the
conclusions drawn fit the empirical evidence.
01oo
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 05:43:00 PM
On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

I wasn't commenting on whether your assumptions are consistent with
your axioms, Tony. I was asking whether your assumptions were true.

So, then. it's not true that every statement is either true or false.
What about the statement that every statement is true or false? That's
false? Perhaps it's not possible to determine the root of truth in any
deductive manner, but that determining truth of statements is an
infinite regress called "science". Have you considered that notion?

Naturally. I don't know what you think you're talking about but the
answer is still 46.
~v~~
.

User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 05:47:17 PM
On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Sure. Happens all the time. However if you're asking whether a
statement must be one or the other the answer is no. There are
problematic exceptions to the so called excluded middle.

Please eloborate.

"Black is crows" is ambiguous in general terms and neither true nor
false since "crows are black". Hence we find that "crows are black" is
true but "black is not crows" is true too in general scientific terms.
~v~~
.
User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 18 Apr 2007 01:49:36 PM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Sure. Happens all the time. However if you're asking whether a
statement must be one or the other the answer is no. There are
problematic exceptions to the so called excluded middle.


Please eloborate.


"Black is crows" is ambiguous in general terms and neither true nor
false since "crows are black". Hence we find that "crows are black" is
true but "black is not crows" is true too in general scientific terms.

~v~~

Okay, consider a universe where the ONLY black things are crows. In that
universe, would not "black is crows" be true? What else could black be,
besides some number of crows?
I think you are assuming that all crows are black, and noting the proper
subset relation. C is a proper subset of B, because all members of C are
members of B, but not all members of B are members of C. So, indeed,
black(crow) might be equal to 1, meaning 100% of crows are black, while
crow(black) might only be equal to say 0.05, because only one out of
twenty black things are crows. It's a 5% probability that if something
is black, it has the property of crowness, while if it is a crow, it has
100% probability of being black. Make sense?
01oo
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 19 Apr 2007 11:02:03 AM
On Wed, 18 Apr 2007 14:49:36 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Sure. Happens all the time. However if you're asking whether a
statement must be one or the other the answer is no. There are
problematic exceptions to the so called excluded middle.


Please eloborate.


"Black is crows" is ambiguous in general terms and neither true nor
false since "crows are black". Hence we find that "crows are black" is
true but "black is not crows" is true too in general scientific terms.

~v~~


Okay, consider a universe where the ONLY black things are crows. In that
universe, would not "black is crows" be true? What else could black be,
besides some number of crows?

I think you are assuming that all crows are black, and noting the proper
subset relation. C is a proper subset of B, because all members of C are
members of B, but not all members of B are members of C. So, indeed,
black(crow) might be equal to 1, meaning 100% of crows are black, while
crow(black) might only be equal to say 0.05, because only one out of
twenty black things are crows. It's a 5% probability that if something
is black, it has the property of crowness, while if it is a crow, it has
100% probability of being black. Make sense?

No.
~v~~
.
User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 20 Apr 2007 11:01:48 AM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Wed, 18 Apr 2007 14:49:36 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Sure. Happens all the time. However if you're asking whether a
statement must be one or the other the answer is no. There are
problematic exceptions to the so called excluded middle.

Please eloborate.

"Black is crows" is ambiguous in general terms and neither true nor
false since "crows are black". Hence we find that "crows are black" is
true but "black is not crows" is true too in general scientific terms.

~v~~

Okay, consider a universe where the ONLY black things are crows. In that
universe, would not "black is crows" be true? What else could black be,
besides some number of crows?

I think you are assuming that all crows are black, and noting the proper
subset relation. C is a proper subset of B, because all members of C are
members of B, but not all members of B are members of C. So, indeed,
black(crow) might be equal to 1, meaning 100% of crows are black, while
crow(black) might only be equal to say 0.05, because only one out of
twenty black things are crows. It's a 5% probability that if something
is black, it has the property of crowness, while if it is a crow, it has
100% probability of being black. Make sense?


No.

~v~~

That's kinda sad, Lester. You couldn't follow any of that? Have a cup of
coffee or something.
01oo
.




User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 05:48:20 PM
On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Well your phrase "exploring the meaning of truth" is ambiguous, Tony,
because what you're really doing is exploring consequences of truth or
falsity given assumptions of truth or falsity to begin with, which is
an almost completely trivial exercise in comparison with the actual
determination of truth in mechanically exhaustive terms initially.


I am exploring the mechanics of truth, and its pursuit, which you are
not, really, as far as I can tell.

You're exploring the mechanics of using truth once established but I
see no indication you're exploring the mechanics of truth otherwise.
~v~~
.
User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 18 Apr 2007 01:52:06 PM
Lester Zick wrote:

On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Well your phrase "exploring the meaning of truth" is ambiguous, Tony,
because what you're really doing is exploring consequences of truth or
falsity given assumptions of truth or falsity to begin with, which is
an almost completely trivial exercise in comparison with the actual
determination of truth in mechanically exhaustive terms initially.

I am exploring the mechanics of truth, and its pursuit, which you are
not, really, as far as I can tell.


You're exploring the mechanics of using truth once established but I
see no indication you're exploring the mechanics of truth otherwise.

~v~~

I am trying to get there, but you're struggling against even defining in
any mechanical terms what your statements mean, which is obviously
deliberate. The mechanics of deduction are pretty straightforward. The
mechanics of induction are a little harder to ascertain, because we
doing it unconsciously by nature, but can be developed by looking at the
deductive mechanics.
01oo
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 19 Apr 2007 11:02:50 AM
On Wed, 18 Apr 2007 14:52:06 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Lester Zick wrote:

On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

Well your phrase "exploring the meaning of truth" is ambiguous, Tony,
because what you're really doing is exploring consequences of truth or
falsity given assumptions of truth or falsity to begin with, which is
an almost completely trivial exercise in comparison with the actual
determination of truth in mechanically exhaustive terms initially.

I am exploring the mechanics of truth, and its pursuit, which you are
not, really, as far as I can tell.


You're exploring the mechanics of using truth once established but I
see no indication you're exploring the mechanics of truth otherwise.

~v~~


I am trying to get there, but you're struggling against even defining in
any mechanical terms what your statements mean, which is obviously
deliberate. The mechanics of deduction are pretty straightforward. The
mechanics of induction are a little harder to ascertain, because we
doing it unconsciously by nature, but can be developed by looking at the
deductive mechanics.

That's nice.
~v~~
.



User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 17 Apr 2007 05:58:16 PM
On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:39:45 -0400, Tony Orlow <tony@lightlink.com>
wrote:

The question about axioms is whether each one is justifiable and
sufficiently general enough to be accepted as "true" in some universal
sense.


No the actual question is whether each and every axiom is actually
true and demonstrably so in mechanically exhaustive terms. Otherwise
there's not much point to the exhaustively rigorous demonstration of
theorems in terms of axioms demanded of students if axioms themselves
are only assumed true.

~v~~


I am saying that one can assume axioms for the sake of deduction, but
that the conclusions derived are only as reliable as the starting
axioms, and so there is an inductive process in deciding which axioms to
accept for the sake of one's "theory", expecially when looking for
universal truths that serve as axions in a TOE, depending on whether the
conclusions drawn fit the empirical evidence.

Lots of axioms and conclusions fit the empirical evidence, Tony.
That's the whole problem in determining which are actually true and
why. Given various experimental circumstances the question is how to
explain them all in terms of one another. Modern mathematikers just
assume they can explain them one way to the exclusion of other ways
and indulge in special pleading and excuses to justify their choices.
It might help if we could just start from true assumptions to begin
with for a change.
You want to start by making certain assumptions for the sake of an
argument and then argue the truth of the assumptions according to the
apparent plausibility of the argument. Doesn't work that way.
~v~~
.






User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 12 Apr 2007 01:54:25 PM
Mike Kelly wrote:

On 2 Apr, 15:49, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:

On 1 Apr, 04:44, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

cbr...@cbrownsystems.com wrote:

On Mar 31, 5:45 pm, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:>

Yes, NeN, as Ross says. I understand what he means, but you don't.

What I don't understand is what name you would like to give to the set
{n : n e N and n <> N}. M?
Cheers - Chas

N-1? Why do I need to define that uselessness? I don't want to give a
size to the set of finite naturals because defining the size of that set
is inherently self-contradictory,

So.. you accept that the set of naturals exists? But you don't accept
that it can have a "size". Is it acceptable for it to have a
"bijectibility class"? Or is that taboo in your mind, too? If nobody
ever refered to cardinality as "size" but always said "bijectibility
class" (or just "cardinality"..) would all your objections disappear?

Yes, but my desire for a good way of measuring infinite sets wouldn't go
away.


You seem to be implying that the existence and acceptance of
cardinality as one way of measuring infinite sets precludes the
invention of any other. This is patently false. There is an entire
branch of mathematics called "measure theory" which, roughly speaking,
examines various ways to measure and compare infinite sets. Measure
theory builds upon set theory. Set theory doesn't preclude mesure
theory.

Of course, if *your* ideas were to be formalised then first of all
you'd have to pull your head out of.. the sand, accept that you've
made numerous egregiously erroneous statements about standard
mathematics, learn how to communicate mathematically and learn how to
formalise mathematical ideas precisely. Look at NSA and the Surreal
numbers if you need evidence that non-standard ideas can be expressed
clearly and coherently within an existing framework of mathematical
expression.

You may be a lost cause though. You've spent, what, three years
blathering on Usenet and your mathematical understanding and maturity
hasn't improved a jot. It seems like you genuinely don't want to
learn. Is ranting incoherently just your way of blowing off steam?

You're not entirely wrong, Mike. I mean, you've been a jerk through all
of this, but you have a point. In order to supplant what is currently
the overly axiomatic bent of the field of mathematics and return to a
balance between the deductive and the inductive sides of logic requires
that one delve into the very foundations of logic itself, and form a new
basis for determining what constitutes evidence in the field of
mathematics, and how this evidence should be fed as deductively derived
input into the inductive process of choosing axioms from which to build
theorems. I am working on how to balance this, but it's not easy, and
life's not easy, and I have other things to do. But, I'm doing this,
too. I wish I had more time to research, but when I find the time to do
this here, it's occasional. I promise to try harder in the future.
My threads do get attention, because I raise some valid issues. You want
a solution? Help me out. :)

given the fact that its size must be equal to the largest element,

That isn't a fact. It's true that the size of a set of naturals of the
form {1,2,3,...,n} is n. But N isn't a set of that form. Is it?

It's true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has largest element x.


No. This is not true if the set is not finite (if it does not have a
largest element).

Prove it, formally, please, from your axioms.


It is true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
largest element x has cardinality x.

Forget cardinality. Can a set of naturals starting with 1 and with size
X possibly have any other maximum value besides X? This is inductively
impossible.


It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.

Given the definition of the naturals, given any starting point 0, a set
of consecutive naturals of size y has maximum element x+y. Does the set
of naturals have size aleph_0? If so, then aleph_0 is the maximal natural.


Do you see that changing the order of words in a statement can change
the meaning or that statement? Do you see that one statement can be
true, and another statement with the same words in a different order
can be false?

This is not quantifier dyslexia, and I am not interested in entertaining
that nonsense, thanx.

Is N of that form?


N is a set of consecutive naturals starting at 1. It doesn't have a
largest element. It has cardinality aleph_0.

If aleph_0 is the size, then aleph_0 is the maximal element.
aleph_0 e N.
Or, as Ross likes to say, NeN.


--
mike.

tony.
.
User: "Mike Kelly"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 06:06:28 AM
On 12 Apr, 19:54, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:

On 2 Apr, 15:49, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:

On 1 Apr, 04:44, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

cbr...@cbrownsystems.com wrote:

On Mar 31, 5:45 pm, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:>

Yes, NeN, as Ross says. I understand what he means, but you don't.

What I don't understand is what name you would like to give to the set
{n : n e N and n <> N}. M?
Cheers - Chas

N-1? Why do I need to define that uselessness? I don't want to give a
size to the set of finite naturals because defining the size of that set
is inherently self-contradictory,

So.. you accept that the set of naturals exists? But you don't accept
that it can have a "size". Is it acceptable for it to have a
"bijectibility class"? Or is that taboo in your mind, too? If nobody
ever refered to cardinality as "size" but always said "bijectibility
class" (or just "cardinality"..) would all your objections disappear?

Yes, but my desire for a good way of measuring infinite sets wouldn't go
away.


You seem to be implying that the existence and acceptance of
cardinality as one way of measuring infinite sets precludes the
invention of any other. This is patently false. There is an entire
branch of mathematics called "measure theory" which, roughly speaking,
examines various ways to measure and compare infinite sets. Measure
theory builds upon set theory. Set theory doesn't preclude mesure
theory.

No response to this bit, of course. You're chronically incapable of
acknowledging this.

Of course, if *your* ideas were to be formalised then first of all
you'd have to pull your head out of.. the sand, accept that you've
made numerous egregiously erroneous statements about standard
mathematics, learn how to communicate mathematically and learn how to
formalise mathematical ideas precisely. Look at NSA and the Surreal
numbers if you need evidence that non-standard ideas can be expressed
clearly and coherently within an existing framework of mathematical
expression.


You may be a lost cause though. You've spent, what, three years
blathering on Usenet and your mathematical understanding and maturity
hasn't improved a jot. It seems like you genuinely don't want to
learn. Is ranting incoherently just your way of blowing off steam?


You're not entirely wrong, Mike.

Natch.

I mean, you've been a jerk through all of this, but you have a point.

Whereas you..

In order to supplant what is currently
the overly axiomatic bent of the field of mathematics and return to a
balance between the deductive and the inductive sides of logic requires
that one delve into the very foundations of logic itself, and form a new
basis for determining what constitutes evidence in the field of
mathematics, and how this evidence should be fed as deductively derived
input into the inductive process of choosing axioms from which to build
theorems. I am working on how to balance this, but it's not easy, and
life's not easy, and I have other things to do. But, I'm doing this,
too. I wish I had more time to research, but when I find the time to do
this here, it's occasional. I promise to try harder in the future.

There, there Tony. Aren't you just the cutest little mathematical
pioneer?

My threads do get attention, because I raise some valid issues.

Guess again.

You want a solution? Help me out. :)

Solution to what? All I'm trying to do here is to get you to realise
that you are wasting your time trying to develop new foundations for
mathematics or logic or whatever when you are utterly incapable of
understanding existing ideas, following proofs, writing proofs,
communicating mathematically...
It'd be nice if some day you learned some math above high school
level. Seems a rather remote possibility though because you are
WILLFULLY ignorant.

given the fact that its size must be equal to the largest element,

That isn't a fact. It's true that the size of a set of naturals of the
form {1,2,3,...,n} is n. But N isn't a set of that form. Is it?

It's true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has largest element x.


No. This is not true if the set is not finite (if it does not have a
largest element).


Prove it, formally, please, from your axioms.

I don't have a formal definition of "size". You understand this point,
yes?
It's very easily provable that if "size" means "cardinality" that N
has "size" aleph_0 but no largest element. You aren't actually
questioning this, are you?
It's rather disingenuous to ask me for a formal proof of something
that is couched in your informal terms.

It is true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
largest element x has cardinality x.


Forget cardinality. Can a set of naturals starting with 1 and with size
X possibly have any other maximum value besides X? This is inductively
impossible.

(Just to be clear, we're talking very informally here. It's quite
obviously the only way to talk to you.)
Tony, can you discern a difference between the following two
statements?
a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.
Seriously, do you comprehend that they are saying different things?
This is important.
I'm not disputing a) (although you haven't defined "size" and thus
it's trivially incorrect). I'm disputing b). I don't think b) follows
from a). I don't think that all sets of naturals starting from 1 have
a maximum. So I don't think that "the maximum, if it exists, is X"
means "the maximum is X". Because for some sets of naturals, the
maximum doesn't exist.
Do you agree that some sets of consecutive naturals starting with 1
don't have a maximum element (N, for example)? Do you then agree that
a) does not imply b)?

It is not true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
cardinality x has largest element x. A set of consecutive naturals
starting at 1 need not have a largest element at all.


Given the definition of the naturals, given any starting point 0, a set
of consecutive naturals of size y has maximum element x+y.

x+y? Typo I guess.

Does the set of naturals have size aleph_0? If so, then aleph_0 is the maximal natural.

It has CARDINALITY aleph_0. If you take "size" to mean cardinality
then aleph_0 is the "size" of the set of naturals. But it simply isn't
true that "a set of naturals with 'size' y has maximum element y" if
"size" means cardinality.
Under some definitions of "size" your statement is true. Under others
(such as cardinality) it isn't. So you can't use your statement about
SOME definitions of size to draw conclusions about ALL definitions of
size. Not all sets of naturals starting at 1 have a maximum element
(right?). Your statement is thus obviously wrong about any definition
of "size" that gives a size to non-finite sets.
I find it hard to beleive you don't understand this. Indicate the
point(s) where you disagree.
a) Not all consecutive sets of naturals starting from 1 have maximum
elements.
b) Some notions of "size" give a "size" to sets of naturals without
maximum elements.
c) Some notions of "size" give a "size" to sets of consecutive
naturals starting from 1 without a maximum element.
d) The "size" that these notions give cannot be the maximum element,
because those sets don't *have* a maximum element.
e) Your statement about "size" does not apply to all reasonable
definitions of "size". In particular, it does not apply to notions of
"size" that give a "size" to sets without a largest element.

Do you see that changing the order of words in a statement can change
the meaning or that statement? Do you see that one statement can be
true, and another statement with the same words in a different order
can be false?


This is not quantifier dyslexia, and I am not interested in entertaining
that nonsense, thanx.

It is doublethink though. You are simultaneously able to hold the
contradictory statements "Not all sets of naturals have a largest
element" with "All sets of naturals must have a largest element" to be
true,

Is N of that form?


N is a set of consecutive naturals starting at 1. It doesn't have a
largest element. It has cardinality aleph_0.


If aleph_0 is the size, then aleph_0 is the maximal element. aleph_0 e N.

Wrong. If aleph_0 is the "size", AND the set HAS a maximal element
then aleph_0 is the maximal element. But N DOESN'T have a maximal
element so aleph_0 can be the size without being the maximal element.
(speaking very informally again as Tony is incapable of recognising
the need to define "size"..)

Or, as Ross likes to say, NeN.

Here's a hint, Tony : Ross and Lester are trolls. They don't beleive a
damn word they say. They are jerks getting pleasure from intentionally
talking rubbish to solicit negative responses. Responding to them at
all is pointless. Responding to them as though their "ideas" are
serious and worthy of attention makes you look very, very silly.
--
mike.
.
User: "Bob Kolker"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 09:06:51 AM
Mike Kelly wrote:


a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.

Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.
A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.
Can you show a counter example?
Bob Kolker
.
User: "Bob Kolker"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 09:08:14 AM
Bob Kolker wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:


a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.



Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.

A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.

Can you show a counter example?

I should have said, for I assumed it, that X is finte. Sorry about that.
Bob Kolker
.
User: "Mike Kelly"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 09:16:42 AM
On 13 Apr, 15:08, Bob Kolker <nowh...@nowhere.com> wrote:

Bob Kolker wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:


a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.


Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.


A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.


Can you show a counter example?


I should have said, for I assumed it, that X is finte. Sorry about that.

Bob Kolker

Ah. Fair enough.
--
mike.
.
User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 05:45:44 PM
On 13 Apr 2007 07:16:42 -0700, "Mike Kelly"
<mikekellyuk@googlemail.com> wrote:

On 13 Apr, 15:08, Bob Kolker <nowh...@nowhere.com> wrote:

Bob Kolker wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:


a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.


Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.


A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.


Can you show a counter example?


I should have said, for I assumed it, that X is finte. Sorry about that.

Bob Kolker


Ah. Fair enough.

Thanks, sport, that's swell. From now on we'll just consider where
assumptions of truth are concerned Bob is sorry, very sorry.
~v~~
.


User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 05:43:46 PM
On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 10:08:14 -0400, Bob Kolker <nowhere@nowhere.com>
wrote:

Bob Kolker wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:


a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.



Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.

A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.

Can you show a counter example?


I should have said, for I assumed it, that X is finte. Sorry about that.

Or you regret your assumptions of truth in this particular instance
but not in general?
~v~~
.


User: "Mike Kelly"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 09:16:05 AM
On 13 Apr, 15:06, Bob Kolker <nowh...@nowhere.com> wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:

a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.


Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.

A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.

Can you show a counter example?

Bob Kolker

N
--
mike.
.

User: "Lester Zick"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 05:42:36 PM
On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 10:06:51 -0400, Bob Kolker <nowhere@nowhere.com>
wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:


a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.


Whoa! If a -consectutive-(!!!) set of naturals with 1 as its least
element has cardinality X (an integer), then its last element must be X.

A simple induction argument will show this to be the case.

Can you show a counter example?

You mean a true counter example, Bob, or just a counter example whose
truth is assumed true because you're too lazy or stupid to consider
the truth of what you say but not too lazy or stupid to say it anyway.
~v~~
.


User: "Tony Orlow"

Title: Re: The Definition of Points 13 Apr 2007 01:25:09 PM
Mike Kelly wrote:

On 12 Apr, 19:54, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:

On 2 Apr, 15:49, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

Mike Kelly wrote:

On 1 Apr, 04:44, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:

cbr...@cbrownsystems.com wrote:

On Mar 31, 5:45 pm, Tony Orlow <t...@lightlink.com> wrote:>

Yes, NeN, as Ross says. I understand what he means, but you don't.

What I don't understand is what name you would like to give to the set
{n : n e N and n <> N}. M?
Cheers - Chas

N-1? Why do I need to define that uselessness? I don't want to give a
size to the set of finite naturals because defining the size of that set
is inherently self-contradictory,

So.. you accept that the set of naturals exists? But you don't accept
that it can have a "size". Is it acceptable for it to have a
"bijectibility class"? Or is that taboo in your mind, too? If nobody
ever refered to cardinality as "size" but always said "bijectibility
class" (or just "cardinality"..) would all your objections disappear?

Yes, but my desire for a good way of measuring infinite sets wouldn't go
away.

You seem to be implying that the existence and acceptance of
cardinality as one way of measuring infinite sets precludes the
invention of any other. This is patently false. There is an entire
branch of mathematics called "measure theory" which, roughly speaking,
examines various ways to measure and compare infinite sets. Measure
theory builds upon set theory. Set theory doesn't preclude mesure
theory.


No response to this bit, of course. You're chronically incapable of
acknowledging this.

I've discussed that with you and others. It doesn't cover the cases I am
talking about. The naturals have a "measure" of 0, no? So, measure
theory doesn't address the relationship between, say, the naturals and
the evens or primes. It's not as general as it should be. So, what do
you want me to say?

Of course, if *your* ideas were to be formalised then first of all
you'd have to pull your head out of.. the sand, accept that you've
made numerous egregiously erroneous statements about standard
mathematics, learn how to communicate mathematically and learn how to
formalise mathematical ideas precisely. Look at NSA and the Surreal
numbers if you need evidence that non-standard ideas can be expressed
clearly and coherently within an existing framework of mathematical
expression.
You may be a lost cause though. You've spent, what, three years
blathering on Usenet and your mathematical understanding and maturity
hasn't improved a jot. It seems like you genuinely don't want to
learn. Is ranting incoherently just your way of blowing off steam?

You're not entirely wrong, Mike.


Natch.

I mean, you've been a jerk through all of this, but you have a point.


Whereas you..

In order to supplant what is currently
the overly axiomatic bent of the field of mathematics and return to a
balance between the deductive and the inductive sides of logic requires
that one delve into the very foundations of logic itself, and form a new
basis for determining what constitutes evidence in the field of
mathematics, and how this evidence should be fed as deductively derived
input into the inductive process of choosing axioms from which to build
theorems. I am working on how to balance this, but it's not easy, and
life's not easy, and I have other things to do. But, I'm doing this,
too. I wish I had more time to research, but when I find the time to do
this here, it's occasional. I promise to try harder in the future.


There, there Tony. Aren't you just the cutest little mathematical
pioneer?

Yep. Jerk.

My threads do get attention, because I raise some valid issues.


Guess again.

Just a chance to be a jerk, and you can't pass it up?

You want a solution? Help me out. :)


Solution to what? All I'm trying to do here is to get you to realise
that you are wasting your time trying to develop new foundations for
mathematics or logic or whatever when you are utterly incapable of
understanding existing ideas, following proofs, writing proofs,
communicating mathematically...

It'd be nice if some day you learned some math above high school
level. Seems a rather remote possibility though because you are
WILLFULLY ignorant.

And you are willfully obnoxious, but I won't take it seriously. I'm not
the only one in the revolution against blind axiomatics.

given the fact that its size must be equal to the largest element,

That isn't a fact. It's true that the size of a set of naturals of the
form {1,2,3,...,n} is n. But N isn't a set of that form. Is it?

It's true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with size x has largest element x.

No. This is not true if the set is not finite (if it does not have a
largest element).

Prove it, formally, please, from your axioms.


I don't have a formal definition of "size". You understand this point,
yes?

Then how do you presume to declare that my statement is "not true"?


It's very easily provable that if "size" means "cardinality" that N
has "size" aleph_0 but no largest element. You aren't actually
questioning this, are you?

No, have your system of cardinality, but don't pretend it can tell
things it can't. Cardinality is size for finite sets. For infinite sets
it's only some broad classification.


It's rather disingenuous to ask me for a formal proof of something
that is couched in your informal terms.

Don't say "This is not true" if you can't disprove it.

It is true that the set of consecutive naturals starting at 1 with
largest element x has cardinality x.

Forget cardinality. Can a set of naturals starting with 1 and with size
X possibly have any other maximum value besides X? This is inductively
impossible.


(Just to be clear, we're talking very informally here. It's quite
obviously the only way to talk to you.)

Tony, can you discern a difference between the following two
statements?

a) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X can not
have any maximum other than X.
b) A consecutive set of naturals starting with 1 with size X has
maximum X.

Yes, the first allows that may be no maximum, but where there is a
specific size for such a set, there is a specific maximum as well. I am
not the one having the logical difficulty here.


Seriously, do you comprehend that they are saying different things?
This is important.

It would be if it had anything substantive to do with my point. Whatever
the size of a set of consecutive naturals from 1 is, that is its maximal
element.