| Topic: |
Science > Physics |
| User: |
"" |
| Date: |
06 Oct 2006 05:20:49 PM |
| Object: |
Tritium Counting for Weapon Detection |
Here is the proper procedure for tritium sampling.
1. Obtain a small filter paper.
2. Wipe the customs package without getting it to dirty.
3. Place the filter in the sealable vial within thirty second of
wiping.
Otherwise the vapor evaporates and the sample is degraded seriously.
And then the hard part becomes fast analysis. A special liquid
scintillant is addable to the sealed vial and scintillation quanta
emitted are countable.
A coincident decay is the tritium signature. and two quanta seen at the
exact sam time on two 180 degree spaced PMT's counts the decay.
And so low cost is the only issue, a simple detector is about 10K
making each customs office require a single H-3 counter!!!!
Hand held tritium counting is possible with gas flow proportional
counters. A probe placed on the package surface can directly count H-3.
And so the basic design is placed here for public domain purposes.
----------O----------O---------O--O--O--O--------
A wire with bubbles of gas space are placed in a gaussian shielded open
faced probe.
Each "O" is a small plastic bubble.
And the density of "O"'s is sufficient to form the basic plastic layer.
And parrallel wires form the flat plate of plastic bubbles.
A gas diffusion fills the bubbles with proper gas like propane.
And each little bubble forms the collection volume ensuring the gases
presence at th eproper concentration!
A computer control bubble maker could layout the entire thing like an
ink jet printout!
So computer made face plates are possible making very inexpsneive H-3
detectors for US Customs.
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| User: "" |
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| Title: Re: Tritium Counting for Weapon Detection |
06 Oct 2006 05:27:41 PM |
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wrote:
Here is the proper procedure for tritium sampling.
1. Obtain a small filter paper.
2. Wipe the customs package without getting it to dirty.
3. Place the filter in the sealable vial within thirty second of
wiping.
Otherwise the vapor evaporates and the sample is degraded seriously.
And then the hard part becomes fast analysis. A special liquid
scintillant is addable to the sealed vial and scintillation quanta
emitted are countable.
A coincident decay is the tritium signature. and two quanta seen at the
exact sam time on two 180 degree spaced PMT's counts the decay.
And so low cost is the only issue, a simple detector is about 10K
making each customs office require a single H-3 counter!!!!
Hand held tritium counting is possible with gas flow proportional
counters. A probe placed on the package surface can directly count H-3.
And so the basic design is placed here for public domain purposes.
----------O----------O---------O--O--O--O--------
A wire with bubbles of gas space are placed in a gaussian shielded open
faced probe.
Each "O" is a small plastic bubble.
And the density of "O"'s is sufficient to form the basic plastic layer.
And parrallel wires form the flat plate of plastic bubbles.
A gas diffusion fills the bubbles with proper gas like propane.
And each little bubble forms the collection volume ensuring the gases
presence at th eproper concentration!
A computer control bubble maker could layout the entire thing like an
ink jet printout!
So computer made face plates are possible making very inexpsneive H-3
detectors for US Customs.
0.004 inch wire is allowed when small volume electron-ion collection is
the goal. They are ion collected!
Not proportional collected ions. Making descrimination the hard signal
part.
How does the tritium obey? All its beta energy is left to either the
outside air or the inside gas for the thin bubble is litterally
invisible. So make the ion collection, pulsed ion.
Charge Avalache is unnecessary with 1 fempto-amp sensitive and stable
self-leveling electronics. We can make them cheap.
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| User: "tadchem" |
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| Title: Re: Tritium Counting for Weapon Detection |
06 Oct 2006 06:47:23 PM |
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The beta emissions of H-3 are very low energy: about 18.59 KeV
They are effectively blocked by a single sheet of paper. Tritium gas
is usually encapsulated in transparent containers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Trtium.jpg
which are opaque to the electrons but transparent to the light emitted
by the decay:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritium#Self-powered_lighting
It *can* be optionally added to nuclear weapons to increase yield. This
however is not a requirement for an effective nuclear weapon, and the
existence of a nuclear weapon in no way demands the presence of
tritium.
As a radiation Safety Officer I was responsible for several dozen
active tritium sources (as tritiated titanium foil in sealed sources)
and I can personally assure you that isolating known tritium from
detection is almost trivial. Tritium inside your plastic bubbles would
be more easy to detect with a spectrophotometer than any beta radiation
detector.
Tritium gas released into the air disperses to undetectably low
concentrations very quickly. If you are screening packages at Customs
looking for nuclear weapons, you are going to detect the beta and gamma
radiations from the *fissionable* isotopes much more reliably and
rapidly.
Tom Davidson
Richmond, VA
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