| Topic: |
Science > Prophecies-Of-Nostradamus |
| User: |
"=?iso-8859-1?q?There_are_now_only_2790_days_until_the_end_of_the_Mayan_Calendar=99?=" |
| Date: |
28 Apr 2005 10:49:34 PM |
| Object: |
The phylogenetic relationships of Chalcosiinae (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea, Zygaenidae) |
The phylogenetic relationships of Chalcosiinae (Lepidoptera,
Zygaenoidea, Zygaenidae)
SHEN-HORN YEN1*, GADEN S. ROBINSON2 and DONALD L. J. QUICKE1,2
The chalcosiine zygaenid moths constitute one of the most striking
groups within the lower-ditrysian Lepidoptera, with highly diverse
mimetic patterns, chemical defence systems, scent organs, copulatory
mechanisms, hostplant utilization and diapause biology, plus a very
disjunctive biogeographical pattern. In this paper we focus on the
genus-level phylogenetics of this subfamily. A cladistic study was
performed using 414 morphological and biochemical characters obtained
from 411 species belonging to 186 species-groups of 73 genera plus 21
outgroups. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum parsimony leads to the
following conclusions: (1) neither the current concept of Zygaenidae
nor that of Chalcosiinae is monophyletic; (2) the previously proposed
sister-group relationship of Zygaeninae + Chalcosiinae is rejected in
favour of the relationship (Zygaeninae + ((Callizygaeninae +Cleoda) +
(Heteropan+ Chalcosiinae))); (3) except for the monobasic Aglaopini,
none of the tribes sensuAlberti (1954) is monophyletic; (4) chalcosiine
synapomorphies include structures of the chemical defence system, scent
organs of adults and of the apodemal system of the male genitalia. A
paired metathoracic androconial organ and a series of abdominal tergal
corematal organs have been discovered, both being new to Lepidoptera.
Due to highly homoplastic patterns in copulatory structures and wings
that demonstrate significant sexual dimorphism, polymorphism and
mimicry, 17 of the 69 'true' chalcosiine genera (c. 25%) are shown to
be either paraphyletic or polyphyletic. The present classification is
therefore very misleading. Reductions of various parts of the male
genitalia in some groups are accompanied by morphological and
functional replacement involving the 8th abdominal segment. A prominent
but convergent lock and key mechanism is revealed. =A9 2005 The Linnean
Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005,
143, 161341.
From the website:
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00139.x=
/abs/
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| User: "=?iso-8859-1?B?nJ2fqaqxx7a3uLkgKFRoZXJlIGFyZSBub3cgb25seSAyNzkwIGRheXMgdW50aWwgdGhlIGVuZCBvZiB0aGUgTWF5YW4gQ2FsZW5kYXKZIDstKZk=?=" |
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| Title: Re: The phylogenetic relationships of Chalcosiinae (Lepidoptera, Zygaenoidea, Zygaenidae) |
29 Apr 2005 04:50:23 AM |
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fASCINATING STUFF !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
HOOROO ;-)
UNCLE WALLY ;-)
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